C语言程序设计简明教程(北京理工大学出版社)“十二五”.docx

ex1.1#include int main(void)printf(Hello,worldn);return 0;ex1.2/*= Name : area.c Author : zhang san Version : Copyright : Your copyright notice Description : Calculate the area of circle =*/#include int main(void)int r = 3; /定义变量整型变量r，并初始化为3，表示圆的半径double s; /定义双精度型变量s，用来存放圆的面积s = 3.1415926 * r * r; printf(%fn, s);return 0;ex1.3#include #define PI 3.1415926int main(void)int r = 3;double s;s = PI * r * r;printf(%fn, s);return 0;ex1.4#include #define PI 3.1415926int main(void) int r;double s;printf(r=:); /输出信息，提示用户输入r的值scanf(%d, &r); / 输入r的值，&r表示取变量r的地址s = PI * r * r;printf(%fn, s);return 0;ex1.5#include #define PI 3.1415926double area(int r) /r是球的半径double s;s = PI * r * r;return s;int main(void)int r;printf(r:);scanf(%d, &r); printf(%fn, area(r);return 0;ex2.1#include int main(void) printf(%d %d %dn, 10, 010, 0x10);printf(%d %d %dn, 20, 020, 0x20);printf(%d %d %dn, 100, 0100, 0x100);return 0;ex2.2#include int main(void)float PI=3.1415926;printf(%fn, PI);return 0;ex2.3#include int main(void)printf(%c%c%cn, a, A, 0);printf(%c%c%cn, 97, 65, 48);printf(%c%c%cn, , 101, x41);return 0;ex2.4#include int main(void)int i = 12, j = 10;double x;printf(%d %dn, i, j);printf(%fn, x);return 0;ex2.5#include int main(void) printf(%dn, 1 + 2 + 3 + 4);printf(%dn, 1 + 2 * 3 - 4);printf(%dn, 1 / 2 + 3 * 4);printf(%fn, 1. / 2 + 3 % 4);return 0; ex2.6#include int main(void)int a = 3, b = 2, c = 1;printf(%d %dn, a b, a = b);printf(%d %dn, a != b, a = b);printf(%d %dn, b c, b b c);printf(%d %dn, a = 1, b = c);return 0;ex2.7#include int main(void)printf(%dn, 1 2 & 3 4);printf(%dn, a | 97);printf(%dn, !(1 2 & 2 1);return 0;ex2.8#include int main(void)int n, x;n = 5;x = n+; / 后缀运算printf(n=%d x=%dn, n, x);n = 5;x = +n; / 前缀运算printf(n=%d x=%dn, n, x);return 0;ex3.1 #include int main(void) int num1, num2, max;printf(num1,num2:);scanf(%d%d, &num1, &num2);if (num1 num2)max = num1;elsemax = num2;printf(max=%dn, max);return 0;ex3.2#include int main(void) int score;char grade;printf(Enter the test score(0-100):);scanf(%d, &score);if (score = 90)grade = A;else if (score = 80)grade = B;else if (score = 70)grade = C;else if (score = 60)grade = D;elsegrade = E;printf(The grade is: %cn, grade);return 0;ex3.3#include int main(void)int n;scanf(%d, &n); / n: 1-13switch (n) case 1:printf(Acen);break;case 11:printf(Jackn);break;case 12:printf(Queenn);break;case 13:printf(Kingn);break;default:printf(%dn, n);break;return 0;ex3.4#include int main(void)int score;char grade;printf(Enter the test score(0-100):);scanf(%d, &score);switch (score / 10) case 10:case 9:grade = A;break;case 8:grade = B;break;case 7:grade = C;break;case 6:grade = D;break;default:grade = E;printf(The grade is: %cn, grade);return 0;ex3.5#include int main(void) int n, sum;n = 1;sum = 0;while (n = 100) sum += n;n+;printf(sum=%dn, sum);return 0;ex3.6#include int main(void)int n, sum;scanf(%d, &n);sum = 0;do sum += n % 10;n /= 10; while (n 0); / 分号不能少printf(%dn, sum);return 0;ex3.7#include int main(void)int n, sum;sum = 0;for (n = 1; n = 100; n+)sum += n;printf(sum=%dn, sum);return 0;ex3.8#include int main(void)int i, j;for (i = 1; i = 9; i+) for (j = 1; j = i; j+)printf(%d*%d=%-3d, i, j, i * j);printf(n);return 0;ex3.9#include int main(void) int n, d;printf(Enter a number(0):);scanf(%d, &n);for (d = 2; d n; d+)if (n % d = 0)break; / 已确定n不是素数printf(%d is%s a prime.n, n, d = n ? : not);return 0;ex3.10#include int main(void) int i, j;for (i = 1; i = 9; i+) for (j = 1; j i)goto exit;printf(%d*%d=%-3d, i, j, i * j);printf(n);exit: printf(endn); / goto语句的出口,前面必须有语句标号return 0;ex4.1#include #define N 10int main(void)int i, aN; / 数组的大小必须是常数for (i = 0; i = 0; i-) / 逆序输出数组元素的值printf(%d , ai);return 0;ex4.2#include #define N 6int main(void) int aN; / 数组大小必须是常量int i, x = 30;printf(Input %d integer:, N);for (i = 0; i N; i+)scanf(%d, &ai);for (i = 0; i N; i+)if (ai = x) break; / 找到一个就退出循环if (i N)printf(found,match in %d:n, i);elseprintf(no match!n);return 0;ex4.3#include #define N 6int main(void)int vN = 8, 14, 30, 45, 67, 89 ;int low = 0, high = N - 1, mid;int x = 30;while (low = high) mid = (low + high) / 2;if (x vmid)low = mid + 1; / 在后半部分查找elsebreak;if (low = high)printf(found,match in %d:n, mid);elseprintf(no match!n);return 0;ex4.4#include #include #include #define N 10int main(void)int aN, i, j, t;srand(time(0); / 用当前运行时间设置随机种子for (i = 0; i N; i+) ai = rand() % 100 ;printf(%d%c, ai, i = N - 1 ? n : );for (i = 0; i N - 1; i+) / 共进行N-1趟for (j = 0; j aj + 1) / 交换aj和aj+1t = aj;aj = aj + 1;aj + 1 = t;for (i = 0; i N; i+)printf(%d%c, ai, i = N - 1 ? n : );return 0;ex4.5#include #define M 3#define N 3int main(void) int aMN, i, j;for (i = 0; i M; i+)for (j = 0; j N; j+)aij = i = j ? 1 : 0;for (i = 0; i M; i+)for (j = 0; j N; j+)printf(%3d%c, aij, j = N - 1 ? n : );return 0;ex4.6#include #define M 3#define N 4int main(void)int aMN, i, j;int max, sum, row, col;printf(input array %d rows %d cols:, M, N);for (i = 0; i M; i+)for (j = 0; j N; j+)scanf(%d, &aij); / &aij表示aij元素的地址sum = 0;max = a00; / 假设a00元素最小row = col = 0;for (i = 0; i M; i+)for (j = 0; j N; j+) sum += aij;if (max aij) / 改变最大值及其位置max = aij; row = i;col = j;printf(average: %fn, 1.0 * sum / M / N);printf(max=%d in (%d,%d)n, max, row, col);return 0;ex4.7#include int main(void) int daytab213 = 0, 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 , 0, 31, 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 ;int year, month, leap;printf(input year:n);scanf(%d, &year);printf(input month:n);scanf(%d, &month);leap = (year % 4 = 0 & year % 100 != 0) | year % 400 = 0;printf(%d daysn, daytableapmonth);return 0;ex4.8#include int main(void)char s80;int i;scanf(%s,s);i=0;while (si!=0) / 遇0而止i+;printf(%s:%dn, s,i);return 0;ex4.9#include int main(void) char monthname20 = Illegal, January, February, March,April, May, June, July, August, September, October,November, December ;int i;for (i = 1; i = 12; +i) printf(%s , monthnamei);if (i % 4 = 0)printf(n);return 0;ex4.10#include #include int main(void)char s120 = computer;char s210 = science;puts(s1);printf(%sn, s2);printf(%d %dn, strlen(s1), strlen(s2);printf(%dn, strcmp(s1, s2);strcat(s1, s2);printf(%d %dn, strlen(s1), strlen(s2);printf(%dn, strcmp(s1, s2);strcpy(s1, s2);printf(%dn, strcmp(s1, s2);return 0;ex5.1#include int max(int n1, int n2) int temp;temp = n1 n2 ? n1 : n2;return temp;int main(void) int num1, num2;printf(num1,num2:);scanf(%d%d, &num1, &num2);printf(max=%dn, max(num1, num2);return 0;ex5.2#include int main(void)int num;int isPrime(int n);for (num = 2; num 20; num+)if (isPrime(num)printf(%dt, num);return 0;int isPrime(int n)int i;for (i = 2; i n; i+)if (n % i = 0)break;return i n ? 0 : 1;ex5.3#include void printMessage(void)printf(C Programming is fun.n);int main(void)int i;for (i = 1; i = 3; +i)printMessage();return 0;ex5.4#include int main(void)int i;double power(int m, int n);for (i = 6; i 10; +i)printf(%f %fn, power(2, i), power(20, i);return 0;double power(int base, int n)int i;double p;for (p = 1, i = 1; i = n; +i)p = p * base;return p;ex5.5#include #define N 5void bubbleSort(int a, int n) int i, j, temp;int swaped;for (i = 0; i n - 1; i+) swaped = 0; / 将swaped置为0表示没有交换for (j = 0; j aj + 1) temp = aj;aj = aj + 1;aj + 1 = temp;swaped = 1; / 将swaped置为1表示已有交换if (!swaped)break; / 若某一趟排序无交换则整个排序完成int main(void) int aN, i;void bubbleSort(int a, int n);for (i = 0; i N; i+)scanf(%d, &ai);bubbleSort(a, N);for (i = 0; i N; i+)printf(%d%c, ai, i = N - 1 ? n : );return 0;ex5.6#include int gcd(int m, int n)int r;while (m % n != 0) / 辗转相除法r = m % n;m = n;n = r;return n;int lcm(int m, int n)return m / gcd(m, n) * n;int main(void)int m, n;int gcd(int m, int n);int lcm(int m, int n);printf(input m,n:);scanf(%d%d, &m, &n);printf(gcd(%d,%d)=%dn, m, n, gcd(m, n);printf(lcm(%d,%d)=%dn, m, n, lcm(m, n);return 0;ex5.7#include int fac(int n)if (n = 0)return 1;elsereturn n * fac(n - 1);int main(void)int i;for (i = 0; i = 4; i+)printf(%d!=%dn, i, fac(i);return 0;ex5.8#include void hanoi(int n, char from, char using, char to) if (n = 1)printf(%d:%c-%cn, n, from, to);else hanoi(n - 1, from, to, using);printf(%d:%c-%cn, n, from, to);hanoi(n - 1, using, from, to);int main(void) hanoi(3, A, B, C);return 0;ex5.9#include int fun(int t)extern int a; /声明a为外部变量，这是必要的，因为a定义在后int static b = 2; / b为静态整型变量并初始化为2auto int c = t; /c为自动变量并初始化为形参t的值，auto可缺省a+;b+;printf(in fun:n);printf(a=%d,b=%d,c=%dn, a, b, c);return a + b + c;int a = 2; /定义a为外部变量并初始化为2int main()register int i; /定义寄存器变量ifor (i = 1; i 3; i+)auto int a; /a只能作用在复合语句中，它屏蔽了外部变量aa = fun(i);printf(in for(main):);printf(a=%dn, a);printf(extern a= %dn, a);/输出外部变量a的值return 0;ex6.1#include int main(void)int x = 1, y = 5, z5 = 10 ;int *ip;ip = &x; / ip指向xprintf(%d %dn, *ip, x);y = *ip;printf(%d %dn, *ip, y);*ip = 9;printf(%d %dn, *ip, y);ip = &z0; / ip指向z0printf(%d %dn, *ip, z0);y = *ip + 6;printf(%d %dn, *ip, y);y = +*ip;printf(%d %dn, *ip, y);y = (*ip)+;printf(%d %dn, *ip, y);return 0;ex6.2#include int main(void) int a = 2, b = 3, *p1 = &a, *p2 = &b, *p;if (a b) p = p1;p1 = p2;p2 = p; /交换指针printf(a=%d,b=%dn, a, b);printf(max=%d,min=%dn, *p1, *p2);return 0;ex6.3#include void swap(int *p1, int *p2) int temp;temp = *p1;*p1 = *p2;*p2 = temp; / 交换*p1和*p2的值int main(void) int a = 2, b = 3;printf(%d,%dn, a, b);swap(&a, &b);printf(%d,%dn, a, b);return 0;ex6.4#include double average(int a, int n, int *pmax, int *pmin) int i;double s = 0;*pmax = *pmin = a0; for (i = 0; i n; i+) s += ai;if (*pmax ai)*pmin = ai;return s / n;int main(void) int a = 4, 3, 9, 2, 6 ;int max, min;double aver;double average(int a, int n, int *pmax, int *pmin);aver = average(a, 5, &max, &min); printf(max=%d,min=%d,average=%fn, max, min, aver);return 0;ex6.5#include int main(void)int a = 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 ;int *pa, i;for (i = 0; i = 0; i-)printf(%4d%c, *(pa+i), i = 0 ? n : );for (pa = a; pa = a; pa-)printf(%4d%c, *pa, pa = a ? n : );return 0;ex6.6#include void inverse(int x, int n)int temp, i, j;for (i = 0, j = n - 1; i j; i+, j-) temp = xi;xi = xj;xj = temp;int main(void)int a = 6, 3, 5, 7, 9 ;int i;inverse(a, 5);for (i = 0; i 5; i+)printf(%4d%c, ai, i = 4 ? n : );return 0;ex6.7#include void strCopy(char s, char t)/ 数组下标形式int i;i = 0;while (si = ti) != 0)i+;int main(void)char s=There is no royal road to learning.;char t=Doubt is the key to knowledge.;strCopy(s,t);printf(%sn%s,s,t);return 0;ex6.8#include int strCompare(char s, char t)int i;for (i = 0; si = ti; i+) / 相等则继续比较if (si = 0)return 0;return si ti ? 1 : -1;int main(void)char s = There be no royal road to learning.;char t = Theres no royal road to knowledge.;printf(%d, strCompare(s, t);return 0;ex6.9#include #include void bubbleSort(char *linePtr, int n) char *temp;int i, j;for (i = 0; i n - 1; i+)for (j = 0; j 0) temp = linePtrj;linePtrj = linePtrj + 1;linePtrj + 1 = temp;void printLines(char *linePtr, int n) while (n- 0)puts(*linePtr+);int main(void)char *linePtr = JAVA, BASIC, FORTRAN ;bubbleSort(linePtr, 3);printLines(linePtr, 3);return 0;ex6.10#include #include int main(void) char *linePtr = JAVA, BASIC, FORTRAN ;char *p;int i;for (i = 0; i 3; i+)printf(%sn, linePtri); /用数组下标变量访问for (p = linePtr; p linePtr + 3; p+)printf(%sn, *p); /用指向指针的指针访问return 0;ex6.11#include int main(void)int a22 = 0, 1, 2, 3 ;int (*pa)2;pa=a;/ pa指向第0行printf(%dt%dn,a00,(*pa)0); / pa指向的数组的0号元素 printf(%dt%dn,a01,(*pa)1);pa+;/ pa指向第1行printf(%dt%dn,a10,(*pa)0);printf(%dt%dn,a11,(*pa)1);printf(%pt%pn,a,a0); / a是行地址,a0是列地址/格式说明符p表示输出指针的值，a的具体值依赖于运行环境printf(%pt%pn,a+1,a0+1);/a+1为第1行的地址，而a0+1是第0行1列元素的地址/它们的具体值也依赖于运行环境中整型变量占有的字节数printf(%dt%dn,*(*(a+1)+0),*(a0+1);return 0;ex6.12#include double average(int (*a)4, int *pmax, int *prow, int *pcol) int i, j;double sum = 0;*pmax = a00; / 假设a00元素最小*prow = *pcol = 0;for (i = 0; i 3; i+)for (j = 0; j 4; j+) sum += aij;if (*pmax aij) / 改变最大值及其位置*pmax = aij;*prow = i;*pcol = j;return sum / 12;int main(void) int a34 = 0, 1, 2, 3 , 4, 15, 6, 7 , 8, 9, 10, 11 ;int max, row, col;double temp;temp = average(a, &max, &row, &col);printf(average: %fn, temp);printf(max=%d in (%d,%d)n, max, row, col);return 0;ex6.13#include int max(int a, int b)return a b ? a : b;int main(void)int(*pmax)(int, int); /定义指向函数的指针pmax/ 它指向的函数返回值为int，有两个整型参数int a=3,b=4;pmax = max;printf(%dn, max(a,b);printf(%dn, (*pmax)(a,b);printf(%dn, pmax(a,b); / (*pmax)(a,b)简写为pmax(a,b)return 0;ex6.14#include double integral(double(*f)(double), double a, double b) double s, h;int n = 100, i;h = (b - a) / n;s = (*f)(a) + (*f)(b)