届高考英语一轮常用结构汇总复习讲义(五).doc

2012届高考英语一轮常用结构汇总复习讲义（五）1：used to (1) used to do sth. 过去常常(现在已不如此) We used to grow beautiful roses. 注意：否定句和疑问句有两种 You usednt to make that mistake. She didnt use(d) to do it, did she? You used to smoke a pipe, didnt you? / use(d) nt you? (2) be / get / become used to + n. / doing 习惯于 I have always been used to hard work. He got used to living in the country. (3) be used to do 被用来做This knife is used to cut bread. 表示“过去常常”时，used to与would区别： (1) would 只强调“过去常常”，used to 说明现在不是如此。 The old woman would sit there for hours doing nothing. (2) would 只接行为动词，used to 可接行为动词和表状态的词。如：be, like, know, have。There used to be a temple at the foot of the mountain.2：howeverhowever主要有三个义项：（1）然而，可是；仍然adv.。 作此意时，其显著特点是与逗号连用。He was feeling bad. He went to work, however, and tried to concentrate.他感觉不舒服，但他仍然去上班，并且努力集中精神工作。Its raining hard. However, I think we should go to school on time.（=But I think we should go to school on time.）雨很大，然而我想我们还是应该按时去上学。（2）无论多么；不管多么。通常与形容词或副词连用，引导让步状语从句，相当于该形容词或副词+ever引导的状语从句。即：however +adj./adv. +主语+ 谓语=no matter how + adj./adv.However hard its raining, we should go to school on time.=No matter how hard its raining, we should go to school on time.无论雨下得多大，我们还是应该按时去上学。She has the window open, however cold it is outside.不管外面多冷，她都开着窗户。However carefully I explained, she still didnt understand.无论我解释得多么仔细，她还是没弄懂。(3)不管以何种方式；以任何方式You may dress however you wish.你可以以你喜欢的任一方式穿衣服。3.get it 明白了get it 常用于口语中，问与答都适用，it没有实际意义。有一些句子中，it虽然没有明确的意义，但用法已经固定下来，并成为人们日常的习惯用语。相关归纳：(1)I cant help it 我没有办法。(2)Thats it.这就对了！(3)Get with it !振作精神！(4)Keep at it !坚持下去！(5)Go it while you are young.趁你还年轻就努力干吧。(6)Make it 按时到达某处，办事成功；约定时间；及时赶上（火车，轮船等）(7)kick it 戒掉(8)like it/hate it that/when喜欢/讨厌(9)see to it that确保(10)depend on it that依靠(11)answer for it that对负责(12)have had it受够了；吃尽了苦头；无法忍受；生命没救强化练习1. _ I could get a word in, the person went off in a hurry.A. Before B. When C. While D. after 变式1. strike the iron _it is hot. A. Before B. When C. While D. after 变式2. I t will be 5 years _ we meet again.A. Before B. When C. While D. after变式3. I t wont long before we _ another party.A. hold B. are to hold C. will hold D. has held解析：1. 考查before 的其中一个用法-还没来得及一个动作就发生了。答案：B变式1. before 与 while 都有趁的含义。但是要注意的是：before后接的从句中的动词是非延续性的；而while后接的从句中的动词是延续性的。答案：C变式2 固定句型。答案：A变式3. before后接的从句中的动词要用一般现在时代替一般将来是。答案：A总结：before引导的时间状语从句的各种用法都很重要，命题时常常把before和相关连词的用法一起考查，大大增加了试题的难度。2. Im thinking of losing weight these days .You _ be out of mind . You are thin enough . A. will B. should C. must D .may 变式1Whats that terrible smell?Oh ,I forgot about the chicken! Look , it !Amay be burntBought to be boilingCcan be cookingDmust be burning变式2. The temperature in our city _ fall to 13 below freezing in winter.A. shall B. can C. must D. should变式3. Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we _ during the day.A. may have doneB. would have doneC. should have doneD. must have done变式4. Look ! The clouds are gathering . Yes .Im afraid it be pouring down soon .Acan Bmust CshouldDmight 变式5. He cant have attended the party last night, because I didnt see him at that time,_?A. can he B. did he C. has he D .was he 变式6.-Why! I couldnt get you on the phone yesterday afternoon?- We _ kites in the yard when you phoned. A. could be flying B. might have fliedC. must have been flying D. should be flying解析:2.根据语境可以确定是表示对现在状态的有把握的推测。“你一定疯了”。答案：C变式1. 根据语境可以确定是表示对现在正发生的动作的极其有把握的推测.答案：D变式2. can用在肯定句中表示推测是指有时可能会怎么样。答案：B变式3. “不管我们白天可能做了什么事情”可知是表示对已经发生的事情的把握不太大的推测。答案：A变式4. may/might/could 用于肯定句中表示对现在或将来把我不大的推测。答案：D变式5. 因为有表过去的具体时间状语，所以要用did这一助动词。答案：B变式6. must have been doing表示对过去某个时候或某段时间正在发生的动作的推测。答案：C3. He is very young; , he know a lot. A. however B. though C. still D. yet变式1. He is very young; he know a lot， A. however B. though C. still D. yet变式2. You can travel _ you like. It is all the same to me. A. however B. though C. whatever D. yet变式3. _ much it may take, I will buy the book.A. however B. though C. whatever D. yet解析：3. however然而，可是；仍然adv.， 作此意时，其显著特点是与逗号连用。答案：A变式1. though 用在adv.译为“然而，可是；仍然”要用在句子最后边。答案：B变式2. 不管以何种方式；以任何方式。答案：A变式3. 无论多么；不管多么。通常与形容词或副词连用，引导让步状语从句，相当于该形容词或副词+ever引导的状语从句。答案：D4. An earthquake _ the area on a cold night.A. struck B. hit on C. seized D. attack变式1. A good idea _ Tom, when he was wandering in the room. A. struck B. hit on C. seized D. attack解析：4.考查“strike”的其中一个重要用法。指疾病、火灾、自然灾害等突然袭击答案：A.变式1.想起”注意”的三个典型表述方法: (1) sth. strike sb. (2)sb. hit on/ upon (3) It occurred to sb that从句。5. This is the desk, _desk is broken.A. whose B. of which C. which D. that变式1. This is the desk, _the desk is broken.A. whose B. of which C. which D. that解析：5. 分析可知定语从句中的“desk”缺少定语。所以答案A： 变式1. whose+ 名词=of which + the n. 答案：b6. Get up early _ you will catch the early bus. A. or B. and C. so D. because变式1. One more step _ you will fall into the river. A. or B. and C. so D. because变式. Start out right away,_youll miss the first train.A.and B.but C. or D.while变式._ , you will pass the exam. A. Study hard B. Studying hard C. To study hard D. Studied hard解析：6. 此题考查“祈使句+and /or +句子”这一句型。这一句型在高考中经常考察，要特别注意祈使句省略动词的情况 ：(Walk)one more step, and the little boy will fall into the well.所以答案选B变式1. 在“祈使句+and /or +句子”这一句型中，除了用祈使句表示条件外也可以用名词短语表示条件，名词短语相当于祈使句的省略。在该题中One more step=Walk one more step所以答案选B变式2.该句意思是“立刻出发否则你会赶不上火车的”。否则可以用or/or else/otherwise变式3.该题考查现在分词做状语表示条件的用法。选A的话应该加and.所以答案选B自测试题1. He _ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside.A. should B. must C. wouldnt D. cant2. We thought of selling this old furniture, but weve decided to _ it. It might be valuable.A. hold on