寒假集训营基础阅读.docx

Sasha 寄语研宝宝们：每一个看似正确的选项都是披着羊皮的狼，每一个看似错误的选项都是披着狼皮的羊，你要从羊里面找到狼，从狼里面找到羊。阅的第一章 必修内功一、 单词 doubtsuspectStratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry - William Shakespeare - but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches.也许时间是一种解药，也是我现在正服下的毒药二、句子四步走：_ _ _ _U can U up：Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern only of data-rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information protection is now high on the bosss agenda in businesses of every variety.The shark, a hugely successful fish in evolutionary terms, with a lineage dating back more than 400 million years, is under relentless attack from humans.三、段落 议论文 说明文四、全文结构 阅的第二章 你不知道的事 Part One 关注观点：Of all the components of a good nights sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise” - the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the minds emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is “off-line.” And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better, “Its your dream,” says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicagos Medical Center. “If you dont like it, change it.”Part Two关注因果：第一类：导致类第二类：源自类第三类：体现类第四类：条件词Boom：Thewayconsumersnowapproachthe process of making purchase of making purchase decisions means that marketings impact stems from a broad range of factorsbeyondconventionalpaidmedia.选项：Many factors includingconventionalpaidmedia contribute to the marketings influence. (Yes or No )Boom：Americas capacity utilization, for example, hit historically high levels earlier this year, and its jobless rate (5.6% in August) has fallen below most estimates of the natural rate of unemployment - the rate below which inflation has taken off in the past.Which one is true?A. An extremely low jobless rate will lead to inflation. B. A high unemployment rate will result from inflationPart Three 关注句间关系：Boom：In spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. Question：The word “homogenizing” most probably means _.A identifying B associating C assimilating D monopolizing Boom： The townsfolk dont see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.Question：By saying “Stratford cries poor traditionally”, the author implies that_. A Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects B Stratford has long been in financial difficulties C the town is not really short of money D the townsfolk used to be poorly paid Part Four 关注比较： 比较对象比较的三要素 比较内容 比较结果Boom: From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book. Question：We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of _. A undervaluing intellect B favoring intellectualism Part Five关注肯定否定：Boom: From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders.选项：Much of this is a blessing for the middle-class family. (Yes or No)Boom: Thissuccess,coupledwithlaterresearchshowingthatmemoryitselfisnotgeneticallydetermined,ledEricssontoconcludethattheactofmemorizingismoreofacognitiveexercisethananintuitiveone.选项：AccordingtoEricsson,goodmemoryresultsfromintuitiveratherthancognitiveexercises. (Yes or No)Part Six关注态度：Boom: Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm “have a duty to die and get out of the way”, so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential. I would not go that far. Energetic people now routinely work through their 60s and beyond, and remain dazzlingly productive.Question：The authors attitude toward Richard Lamms remark is one of_A strong disapproval B reserved consent C slight contempt D enthusiastic supportPart Seven关注评价：But on the general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The most glaring flaw of the social cure as its presented here is that it doesnt work very well for very long.Question： In the authors view, Rosenbergs book fails to _A adequately probe social and biological factors B effectively evade the flaws of the social cure C illustrate the functions of state funding Dproduce a long-lasting social effect Gilberts own interest in new music has been widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organization.”阅的第三章 题场如战场 People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption” launched by the 19th-century department stores offering vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere.选项：According to the author, the department stores of the 19th century owed its emergence to the culture of consumption. ( Yes or No )The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.选项：The commercial culture emerges in the wake of the anti-happy art. (Yes or No)Thepointisthattheplayerswhoscoremostaretheoneswhotakethemostshotsatthegoalandsoitgoeswithinnovationinanyfieldofactivity.Theprimedifferencebetweeninnovatorsandothersisoneofapproach.Everybodygetsideas,butinnovatorsworkconsciouslyontheirs,andtheyfollowthemthroughuntiltheyprovepracticableorotherwise.Whatordinarypeopleseeasfancifulabstractions,professionalinnovatorsseeassolidpossibilities.Accordingtotheauthor,whatdistinguishesinnovatorsfromnon-innovators?AThevarietyofideastheyhave. BTheintelligencetheypossess.CThewaytheydealwithproblems. DThewaytheypresenttheirfindings.Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite, so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite. The astonishing distrust of the news media isnt rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers. The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writer lies in their_.A working attitude B conventional lifestyleC world outlook D educational backgroundWhile in America the trend(downshifting) started as a reaction to the economic decline after the mass redundancies caused by downsizing in the late 80s and is still linked to the politics of thrift, in Britain, at least among the middle class downshifters of my acquaintance, we have different reasons for seeking to simplify our lives.According to the passage, downshifting emerged in the US as a result of _. A the quick pace of modern life B mans adventurous spirit C mans search for mythical experiences D the economic situationSadtosay,thisprojecthasturnedouttobemostlylow-level findings about factual errors andspellingandgrammarmistakes,combinedwithlotsofhead-scratchingpuzzlementaboutwhatintheworldthosereadersreallywant. The results of the journalism credibility project turned out to be _.A. quite trustworthy B. somewhat contradictoryC. very illuminating D. rather superficialThe results have been deeply troubling. The problem is not just that companies are ever more frequently treated as criminals. It is that the crimes they are accused of are often obscure and the reasoning behind their punishments opaque, and that it is far from obvious that justice is being done and the public interest is being served. It is true that many of the alleged wrong doings take place as part of complex set of activities, especially in the financial markets, which can make them hard to understand.What is the authors attitude towards accusation on companies?(A) sympathy (B)objective (C) skeptical (D) oppositeTherearesomegoodargumentsforatechnicaleducationgiventhefightkindofstudent.ManyEuropeanschoolsintroducetheconceptofprofessionaltrainingearly oninordertomakesurechildrenareproperlyequippedfortheprofessionstheywanttojoin.Itis,however,presumptuoustoinsistthattherewillonlybesomanyjobsforsomanyscien