（天津专版）2019版高考英语一轮复习 精选提分专练 第三周 星期一 历史与地理类.doc

历史与地理类单词识记：abundantambassador condition consistcountryside differ discover disturbdivide geography locate landmarkmineral period primitive reflectruin slavery witness worldwide短语扫描：be surrounded by/with.被环绕着/包围着be located in坐落在be made up of 由组成be famous/wellknown for以闻名have a population of有的人口have a history of 有的历史in the course of 在期间，在过程中lie in位于；在于settle down定居take on a new look呈现新面貌跟踪训练.语境填词1the children are (分成) into six groups to practice the dialogue.2few people realized the significance of the (发现)3there were more (slavery) than citizens in ancient athens.4the idea that she (目睹) this shameful incident meant nothing to him.5france is (abundant) supplied with excellent familyrun hotels.单项填空6there is no doubt that this candidates advantage his ability to communicate with foreigners in english.(2015湖北，25)aleaves out bgoes againstclies in dmakes up 7james cameron，who is famous great action scenes，directed his latest movie，avatar.aas bin con dfor8the wooden house by many trees south.asurrounded；facing bsurrounded；facescsurrounding；facing dsurrounding；faces9my breakfast mainly chocolatecovered biscuits and glasses of milk.aconsists of bmakes upcmakes of dconsists in10the kite is made paper.aof binto cup of dfrom.完形填空starting from my early young age，i was a happy child.however，at age twelve，my life had a huge 1 .i developed obsessive compulsive disorder(ocd)i started to wash my hands ten times an hour to 2 bacteria and i frequently checked my kitchen oven to make sure that it was 3 .this way of life continued for four 4 years，and by then，my ocd had led to 5 .i was no longer the happy little girl i had been.i told my mother that i was suffering from depression.so mum took me to a 6 .the medicine didnt help me very much.i was still 7 sad，believing that my life no longer 8 .one autumn evening two years ago，i hit rock bottom.i 9 thought suicide was the only 10 to my depression problem，so i wrote a suicide 11 to my family.as i was folding the note，my 12 fell on a photograph.it was a picture of a lovely little girl with darkblue eyes 13 of adventure and curiosity.it took me a few minutes to 14 that the smiling girl in the photo was me.the photo had been taken at one weekend at my uncles house when i was seven.suddenly i felt a chill(惊悸) and it was like my younger 15 had sent me a message.once i had been a 16 little girl，and i had to become strong like that again.i tore up my suicide note and swore that i would have to 17 the depression with my mind，too.i could make myself happy again.it has been two years 18 i “rediscovered” myself.i am ocd and depressionfree.i am prepared for whatever 19 life may bring.my hero is a sevenyearold girl， 20 back at me from a photo on my desk.1a.request bbreakdowncoutcome ddrawback2a.avoid bbreed ccarry dexamine3a.down bhot coff dclear4a.boring bcareful cshy dpainful5a.impression bpressurecmotivation ddepression6a.doctor bstrangercteacher dschoolmaster7a.generally bsuddenlycoccasionally dconstantly8a.changed bmatteredcsucceeded dfailed9a.still beven cyet dbarely10a.situation bmethod csolution drelation11a.essay bnotice cnote dposter12a.hands bheart chead deyes13a.full bfree cproud dfond14a.imagine brealizecpredict dguess15a.brother bsistercuncle dself16a.strong bbeautifulcyoung dcurious17a.accept bfightcrelieve ddistract18a.when baftercbefore dsince19a.concerns bdemandscchallenges dchances20a.crying bshoutingcsmiling dgoing.阅读理解(2017天津一中4月考)“there are many ways of being smart that arent smart like us.” these are the words of patrick winston，a leading voice in the field of artificial intelligence.although his idea is simple，its significance has been lost on most people thinking about the future of work.yet this is the feature of ai that ought to preoccupy us the most.from the 1950s to the 1980s，it was generally thought that the best way to build systems capable of performing tasks to the level of human experts or higher was to copy the way that experts worked.but there was a problem：human experts often struggled to explain how they performed many tasks.chessplaying was a good example.when asked to explain how they played chess well，some grandmasters appealed to “intuition(直觉)”，others to “experience”many said they did not really know at all.how could researchers build a chessplaying system to beat a grandmaster if the best players themselves could not explain how they were so good?a turning point came in 1997.deep blue，ibms supercomputer，beat garry kasparov，the then world chess champion，in a sixgame match.what was the most remarkable was how the system did it.deep blue did not share mr kasparovs “intuition” or “experience”it won by means of absolute processing power and massive data storage ability.consider the legal world.daniel martin katz，a law professor，has designed a system to predict the voting behaviour of the us supreme court.it can perform as well as most specialists，but it does not mirror the judgement of a human being.instead it draws on data that capture six decades of court behaviour.we see similar developments in other parts of life.surely，all these point to a future that is very different from the one most experts are predicting.it is often said that there are many tasks that will always require human beings to perform because machines cannot “think”，“reason” or “feel” like human beings.but this is to fail to grasp that tomorrows systems will handle many tasks not by copying us but by working in entirely different，unhuman ways.the set of tasks reserved particularly for human beings is likely to be much smaller than many expect.21the example of chessplaying mainly shows that .aits important for a chessplaying system to beat a grandmasterbhuman experts have various responses for their good performancecits difficult to build systems by copying the way human experts workdthe way human experts work can be of great benefit to building systems22according to the passage，whats the reason for deep blues success over garry?ait shared garrys intuition and experience.bits designed to think like a human expert.cgarry was not able enough to beat supercomputer.dit was equipped with a powerful data processing system.23whats the authors purpose of writing paragraph 4?ato present more details.bto offer another example.cto give further explanation.dto share deeper understanding.24which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?abcd25what can we infer from the last paragraph?asystems are expected to be more humanlike.bmore tasks are likely to be handled by systems.chuman beings are certain to be replaced by systems.dtasks tomorrow are supposed to be more demanding.答案精析高考高频单词与短语识记排查跟踪训练.1.divided2.discovery3.slaves4.witnessed 5abundantly.6.c考查动词短语辨析。句意为：毫无疑问，这位选手的优点在于能够用英语与外国人进行交流。leave out忽略，遗漏，不考虑；go against不利于，违反；lie in在于；make up组成，编造，化妆。故选c。7d句意为：以制作大型动作场景而著称的james cameron导演了他的新片阿凡达。be famous for.因而著名。8b句意为：被许多树环绕的那间木屋面朝南。house 与surround构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用surrounded；face为谓语动词。故选b。9a句意为：我的早餐主要由巧克力饼干和几杯牛奶组成。consist of由组成；make up组成(常用被动)，编造，整理；consist in在于，存在于。结合句意可知正确答案为a项。10a句意为：这个风筝是用纸做的。be made of由制成，使用的材料能够看得出来；be made from由制成，使用的材料不能直接观察出来；be made into把(原料)制成(成品)，反义词组是be made out of，后加原料；be made up of由组成。知识运用与阅读能力专练.1brequest请求；breakdown崩溃；outcome结果；drawback缺点。根据下文可知作者患了强迫症，因此她的生活应该是崩溃了。故选b。2aavoid避免；breed繁殖；carry搬运；examine检查。句意为：我开始每小时洗十次手以免沾上细菌。故选a。3cdown向下；hot热的；off关闭的；clear清晰的。句意为：我频繁地检查厨房烤炉以确保它是关闭的。故选c。4dboring令人厌烦的；careful细心的；shy害羞的；painful痛苦的。根据常识可知，作者患了强迫症，并且持续了四年，这对她来说是痛苦的，故选d。5dimpression印象；pressure压力；motivation动机；depression沮丧。由上文可知，作者患了强迫症，所以此处指这个病导致作者很沮丧，故选d。6adoctor医生；stranger陌生人；teacher教师；schoolmaster校长。根据下文的“medicine”可知我妈妈带我去看医生了。故选a。7dgenerally一般地；suddenly突然地；occasionally偶然地；constantly不断地。根据上一句可知，药物不起作用，因此我依然很伤心。故选d。8bchange改变；matter关键，重要；succeed成功；fail失败。根据下文作者想过自杀可知，她觉得自己的生命不再重要。故选b。9bstill 仍然，还；even甚至；yet 但是，然而；barely几乎不。句意为：我甚至认为自杀是解决我的抑郁症的唯一方法。故选b。10csituation境况；method方法；solution解决方案；relation关系。见上题解析。solution to的解决办法。故选c。11cessay散文；notice通知；note笔记，便条；poster海报。句意为：所以我给家人写了自杀的条子。下一句中的“note”是提示。故选c。12dhand手；heart心脏；head头；eye眼睛。由空后的“a photograph”可知选d。只有眼睛才能看见照片。13afull满的；free自由的；proud自豪的；fond喜爱的。句意为：蓝色的眼睛里充满了冒险和好奇。be full of充满。故选a。14bimagine想象；realize意识到；predict预测；guess猜测。句意为：我花了很长时间才意识到照片中那个微笑的女孩就是我。故选b。15dbrother兄弟；sister姐妹；uncle叔叔；self自我。句意为：我突然感到一阵寒意，那是年幼的我在向我传递信息。故选d。16astrong强壮的；beautiful优美的；young年轻的；curious好奇的。根据后半句“i had to become strong like that again”中的strong可知，选a。17baccept接受；fight战斗；relieve减轻；distract转移。句意为：我撕碎了遗书，并且发誓我必须和我的抑郁症作斗争。故选b。18dwhen当时候；after在之后；before在之前；since自从以来。句意为：自从我