被动语态---NC2 14.doc

左洪菊 NC2 L10 被动语态一、 定义：主语是动作的承受者二、 用法：1）不知道动作的执行者是谁 Eg. The watch is made in China. 这块手表是中国制造的。 2）没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁 Eg. More trees must be planted every year. 每年都应该种更多的树。 3）需要强调或突出动作的承受者时 Eg. Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 世界上越来越多的人说汉语 4）句子的主语是动作的承受者 Eg. Many houses were washed away by the flood. 许多房屋被洪水冲走了。三、 被动语态的构成1) 基本结构: be +done (动词的过去分词)2) 各种时态的被动语态的结构 时态 结构 例句 一般现在时 am/is /are + done We clean the room. The room is cleaned by us.一般过去时 was/ were + done He made the kite. The kite was made by him.现在进行时 am/is /are + being done She is watering flowers. Flowers are being watered by her.现在完成时 have+ has+ been done Jim has finished the work. The work has been finished by Jim. 一般将来时 will/shall/be going to +be done They will plant trees tomorrow. Trees will be planted by them tomorrow. 过去进行时was/ were + being done She was writing a letter this time yesterday. A letter was being written by her this time yesterday. 过去完成时 had+ been done Jim had finished the work. The work had been finished by Jim. 过去将来时 would/ should /be going to+ be done He said he would make a kite. He said a kite would be made by him. 含有情态动词 can/ may /must + be done I can find him. He can be found by me.四、 易混点（一） 主动结构表被动意义1 open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, wash, cut ,burn, drive 等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表被动的意义。Eg. This kind of pen writes very smoothly. 这种钢笔写起来很流畅。 2 Look, sound, taste, smell, 等系动词用主动结构表被动意义。Eg. Moon cakes taste delicious. 月饼尝起来很好吃。3 在be worth doing中，doing 表示被动意义。Eg. The book is worth reading. 这本书值得读一读。4 Want/ need/ require/ + doing相当于“want /need / require+ to be done” to be done 表示不定式的被动结构 Eg. My bike needs repairing. = My bike needs to be repaired.（二） 不用被动语态情况当主句的谓语动词是表示状态的及物动词时，不能用于被动语态。We will have a meeting. (主动语态) 我们要开个会。 A meeting will be had by us.(误)动词let, make, have ,等后跟省略to 的不定式，变为被动句时，应加上不定式符号to,Eg. He makes the girl stay at home. The girl is made to stay at home by him.练习题补全句子：1. This kind of pants _ well . 这种裤子卖得好。2. That story _ in interesting. 那个故事听起来很有趣。3. That novel is worth _. 那本小说值得读一读。4. My watch needs _ . 我的手表需要修理。5. This shop is _ at 8:00 in the morning. 这家商店早上8点开门。 用cook 的 不同时态的被动语态填空Eg. A meal is cooked by my mother every day.1. A meal _by my mother last week.2. A meal_by my mother next week.3. A meal_ by my mother for an hour.4. A meal may _ by my mother.5. A meal _ by my mother while we were visiting her.6. A meal _ by my mother now.7. A meal_ by my mother when got home.选择括号中的正确答案填空 Our new classmate is easy to get along with. (get along with; be get along with)1. The work_ (will finish; will be finished) in two weeks time.2. Silk_( is made; are made) in Hangzhou and Suzhou.3. The English song _ (was sun; is sung) by the children last Thursday.4. The room_( is cleaned ; cleans )by my little brother every Sunday.5. The flowers must_ (be watered ; water) every week.6. Knives_ (are used; were used ) to cut things.7. The students_ (are used; are asking ) to finish their homework on time.8. The window_(was broken; was breaking) by Peter yesterday.9. A Christmas Card_(sent; was sent) to me by my pen pal yesterday. Its very beautiful.10. Bamboo_ (can make; can be made ) into houses.11. I was made_(do ;to do )that for them again.12. When we got to the cinema, the tickets_ (had sold out; had been sold out)13. This book _ (was returned; returned) to the library yesterday.14. A new ridge_ (will be built; will build) across the river next year.15. An English Talent Show_(is held; holds) in our school every year.将下列句子变成被动语态We will build a new library in our school next year.A new library will be built in our school next year.1. They make friends in this factory. _2. Everyone enjoys this beautiful song. _3. We can finish the work by next Friday. _4. People plant more and more trees to protect the earth. _5. We often help Jack when he has difficulties. _6. They will build a new hospital in the village next year. _7. Tom broke the coffee cup this morning. _8. Look! Tom is flying a kite over there. _9. We have already finished the work. _10. Yesterday we bough some English books for the children. _单项选择1. Many old houses around our school _ next year and a large green area will appear.A. pull downB. will be pulled downC. will pull downD. are pulled down2. -How clean and tidy your classroom is!-Thank you. It _ every day.A. is cleanedB. was cleanedC. was cleanedD. is cleaning3. My watch_.-Dont worry. Lets go to the Lost &Found.A. is lostB. is brokenC. has foundD. has stopped4. Many of the stars_ because they are far away from us.A. may not seeB. can not be seenC. mustnt be seenD. neednt see5. Students_ slippers when they are at school.A. dont allow to wearB. are not allowed to wearC. are not allowed to put on D. are not allowed wearing6. -Did you go to Sams weekend party?-No, I _.A. are not invitedB. wasnt invitedC. havent invitedD. didnt invite7. A neighbor help to keep our dog. It _ where we were on holiday. A. was taken careB. took care ofC. is taken care ofD. was take care of8. -Henry , you _ on the phone. -Oh, _ . Thank you. A. are wanted ; I comeB. are wanted; Im comingC. are being wanted; I comeD. are want ; Im coming9. The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he _ to the hospital.A. takesB. is takenC. tookD. was taken10. Oh, this is really a big shop. Do you know when it _?A. builtB. was builtC. has builtD. has been built11. It is said that potato chips _ by mistake about a hundred years ago.A. inventB. inventedC. are inventedD. were invented12. The window_ ten minutes ago, and the room is right.A. can be cleanedB. is cleanedC. was cleanedD. will be cleaned13. -What beautiful flowers in the garden!-Yeah! They _ here last year. A. plantedB. were plantedC. are plantedD. will be planted 14. Personal computers _ in 1976. It has changed the whole world.A. have been inventedB. are inventedC. were inventedD. invented15. The 2005 Asian Arts Festival _ in Fashion. We are still proud of it.A. is heldB. heldC. was held16. -Look ! What a nice garden!-Yes. It _ every day.A. has been cleanedB. is cleanedC. is being cleanedD. was cleaned17. As usual. Meihua_ at 6:30 this morning by her mother to get ready for school.A. has woken upB. woke upC. wakes upD. was woken up18. -I want to teach in this area.- Well, teachers _ very much here.A. need B. are needingC. are neededD. will need19. These apples _ well because they _ nice.A. are sold ; lookB. sell ;lookC. sell; are lookedD. are sold ;are looked20. I wont leave my office until my work _.A. finishB .will finishC. are finishedD. is finished21. -What about the pen you bought yesterday?It_ well. I like it very much.A. was writtenB. is writtenC. wroteD. writes22. The 29th Olympic Games _ in Beijing in 2008.A. is heldB. will holdC. will be held23. English_ in Canada , Australia and New Zealand as well as America and Britain.A. speaksB. is speakingC. is spokenD. spoke24. -How clean and tidy your bedroom is!Thank you. It _every day.A. cleansB. is cleanedC. was cleanedD. is cleaning25. Your dress is so nice.- Thanks! It _ by my uncle as a birthday present.A. boughtB. was boughtC. has boughtD. will buy26. The brown desk _of wood.A. makeB. madeC. is madeD. makes 27. This kind of paper _ for making stamps.A. useB. usedC. is usedD. uses28. We _ to close the windows before we left the lab.A. tellB. toldC. are toldD. were told29. Chinese _ by large number of people in the world.A. speaksB. is spokenC. is speakingD. spoken30. -People find it hard to get across the river.-I think at least two bridges _ over it.A. needB. are needingC. will needD. are needed31. -_ that China has the large number of mobile phone users.-I believe so. It seems everyone has one.A. Someone saidB. They told meC. It is saidD. I was told32. Do you often clean your classroom?-Yes. Our classroom _ every day.A. cleanB. cleansC. is cleaned33. -I feel very happy that I _ to be the host.A. chooseB. am chosenC. was chosenD. haven chosen34. Today Chinese _ by more and more people around the world.A. was spokenB. is spokenC. spokeD. speak35. The students _ play basketball after school every day.A. allow toB. are allowed toC. were allowed to36. Thats a nice watch! Is it _ in China?A. makeB. makingC. madeD. makes37. Trees and flowers _ every year to make our country more beautiful.A. is plantedB. was plantedC. are plantedD. were planted38. As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese_ in more and more schools out of our country.A. teachesB. is taug