华政国际法考研名解整理.doc

一、国际公法名词解释 1.Archipelagic sea lane passage 群岛海道通过 2.straight baseline 直线基线 3.exclusive economic zone 专署经济区 4.Martens clause 5.jus cogens 强行法 6.condominium 共同管辖权 7.neutralized states 中立国 8.the sector principle 扇形原则 9.attaches 附属国/添附 10.natural prolongation principles 自然延长原则 11.pacta sunt servanda 约定必须遵守批 12.principle of effectiveness 有效原则 13.par in parem non habet jurisdictionem 平等者之间无管辖权 14.accretion 添附 15.jus sanguinis 血统主义 16.rebus sic stantibus 17.retortion 报复 18.extra territorial asylum 领事庇护、域外庇护 19.a delict jure genetium 20.treaty-contracts 21.international comity 国际法院 22.Drago Doctrine 美洲国家在反对欧洲列强以“索债”为名进行武装干涉方面制定的著名国际法原则。 1902年，英国、德国和意大利借口委内瑞拉未能及时偿还债务，出动海军联合封锁委内瑞拉港口，并击沉委内瑞拉军舰。针对英国、德国和意大利武力索债的行径，阿根廷外长路易斯德拉果在1902年12月29日致函美国国务院，建议签订国际协定，在一个国家不能支付外国人持有的公债义务时，该外国人的本国不得使用武力索债，这一主张被称为德拉果主义。 23.trust territories 托管理事会组织？24.cession 割让 25.jus soli 属地原则26.signature ad referendum 暂签 27.continental shelf 大陆架 28.Westphalia Congress 维斯特法利亚国会/立法会 29.Diplomatic Corps 外交团 30.the legation premises 使馆（外交人员的经营场所） 31.nuncios 罗马教廷大使？32.the peaceful co-existence principle 和平共处原则 33.non-belligerents 不交战者、中立者 34.Full Power 全权证书 35.changes daffaires 36.exequatur 37.letter of Credence 国书 38.NiZhengyu;LiHaopei;ShiJiuyong;He Qizhi;Zhaolihai 39.Caonnally Reservation 40.Law-making contract 造法性条约 41.Super-national Law 超国法 42.the right of collective self-defence 集体自卫权 43.jus non scriptum 44.the nations penal obligation 国家刑事责任 45.International Usage/ International Custom 国际习惯/国际惯例 46.Instant International Customary Law 47.persona non grata 不受欢迎的人 48.Lateran Treaty拉忒兰条约 49.consular privileges and immunities 领事人员特权与豁免/外交特权与豁免 50.effective control 有效控制 51. aut dedere aut punire 引渡或仲裁 52. transit passage 过渡条款 53. Sector Principle 扇形原则 54. Asylum 庇护 55. erga omnes obligations 各国对国际社会承担的责任 56. Lauterpacht;Grotius;Austin 劳特派特、格老秀斯、奥斯汀 58. opinio juris 法律确信 59. Optional Compulsory Jurisdiction 60. Jus ad Bellum 61. Extradition 62. Environment Impact Assessment 环境影响评估 63. Double vote 双重否决 64. High Seas 公海 5. Right of visit 登临权 66. Right of Hot Pursuit 67. Transit Passage 通过权 68. Parrallel Exploitation System 平行开发制 69. Prescription 时效 70. Special Mission 特别使团 解释并比较: 1. de jure recognition / de facto recognition 法律承认/事实上的承认 2. Good office / mediation / Conciliation斡旋/调停/协商、和解 3. Initialling / siganature ad referendum p.198 4. Revision / Amendent / Modification修订/修正案/更改 5. territorial Asylum / extra-territorial Asylum域内庇护/域外庇护 6. Universal Jurisdiction / protective Jurisdiction普遍管辖权/保护性管辖权 7. Right of self-preservation自保权 8. rendition投降 9. retorsion / reprisal报复/报复性掳掠10. right of innocent passage / right of transit passage无害通过权/通过权11. exequatur / letter of Credence 12. authentication / signature认证/签署 13. international delinquency 14. indemnity / reparation 二、国际私法名词解释 1.Fraus Omnia Comunpit 2.lex loci re sitae 3.state immunity国家豁免权 4.characteristic performance 5.remission revoi一级反致 6.Bustamante Code布斯塔曼特法典 7.lex loci solutionis合同履行地法 8.lex volutatis当事人合意选择的法律 9.Bartoles巴托鲁斯 10.Renvoi au second degre 11.Migratory marriage 12.Bona vacantia 13.Interregional conflicts law区际法律冲突 14.act jure gestionis 15.putative marriage事实婚姻 16.locus regit actum （in arbitration law）场所支配行为 17.the proper law of the arbitration agreement仲裁协议所适用的准据法 18.ana-national or denationalized approach开除国籍的手段 19.jurisdiction concerning the jurisdiction （in arbitration law） 20.the collected jurisdiction 21.favor validitatis / ut res magis valeat quam pereat （in arbitration law） 22.severability of arbitration clause可分离的仲裁条款 23.the jurisdiction doctrine under internet circumstance在英特网环境下的管辖权原则 24.pro-arbitration专家仲裁 25.theory of Party-autonomic意思自治说 26. law District 法律管辖权 27. Amiable Arbitration 28. Ad Hoc Arbitration 29. rule of double actionability 双重可诉原则 30. Mandatory rules 强制性规定 30. domicile of choice 住所地的选择 31. preliminary question 先决问题 32. Inderect Renovi 间接反致 33. lex causae 34. lex loci delicti 35. formula of attribution 归属的惯例 36.Reese;Fuld;Cavers;Cook;Rabel;Dicey; Mancini:Beale;Savigny;Story;Huber;Bartolus里斯、富德、卡弗斯、库克、拉沛尔、戴赛、孟西尼、？、萨维尼、施托里、胡伯、巴托鲁斯 37. Severability of Arbitration Agreement 可分离的仲裁条款 38. the collected jurisdiction of China middle court 39. local law theory本国法学说 40. Comitas Gentium 41. bilateral conflict rules 双边冲突规范 42. depecage 43. lex arbitri 仲裁法 44. Proper law doctrine 准据法原则 三、国际经济法 （内容不全待补充）1.passing of Risk 2.FCA 货交承运人p.162 3.review mechanism in WTO 4.Cumulative assessment 5.Government Procurement 6.Safeguard Measures 保障措施p.54 7.deductive value （in customs valuation） 扣减价格 8.the new development of WTO WTO 的新发展 9.the protection measure of Intellectual Property under internet circumstance 在因特网情形下的知识产权的保护措施 10.Hard loan（in international financial law） 硬贷款p.433 11.Principle of Transparency 透明度原则p.49 13.EDI 电子数据交换p.112 14.Expropriation 15.Method of Tax Deduction 扣除法p.600 16.Subsidy and Countervailing Measures 17.bill of exchange 汇票 18.holding company 控股公司 19.general average contribution 共同海损分摊费用 20.Risk of Renege 21.occupational work 22.Tax haven 避税港 23.confirmed credit 保兑信用证24.passing of risks 25.non-recourse loan 26.parallel importation 平行进口27.Despatch money 28.back to back L/C;revolving L/C;reciprocal L/C 对背信用证/循环信用证/对开信用证p.260 29.Anti-circumvention clause 30.Restrictive Business practice 31.grace period (as in intellectual property) 32.Tax sparing 四、补充: 请指出是哪个国际组织的缩写 国际公法 1.WMO(World Meteorological Organization),世界气象组织 2.WHO( World Health Organization). 世界卫生组织 3.ILO(InternationalLabor Organization),国际劳工组织 4.UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization)联合国教科文组织 5.ICAO(International Civil Aeronautics Organization.)国际民航组织 6.IAEA(International Atomic Energy Agency),国际原子能组织 7.ITU(International Telecommunications Union),国际电信同盟 8.UPU (Universal Postal Union),万国邮政联盟 9.FAO联合国粮食农业组织 10.IMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际货币基金组织 11.IBRD(International Bank for Reconstruction and Development). 国际复兴与开发银行 12.IFC(International Finance Corporation),国际金融组织 13.IDA(International Development association), 国际开发协会 14.WIPO(World Intellectual Property Organization)，世界知识产权组织 15.IFAD(International Fund for Agricultural Development), 国际农业发展基金 国际私法名词解释汇总强effect principle (in anti-monopoly law) 第一课：国际私法概论冲突法 the conflict of laws冲突规范conflict rules法律适用规范 rules of application of law法律选择规范 choice-of-law rules法域law district国际法律冲突 international conflict of laws国际交往互利 Mutual Benefit in International Communication国际私法 Private International Law国际私法规范rules of private international law国际条约 International Conventions国际统一程序法条约 conventions on international procedure law国际统一冲突法条约 conventions on conflict of laws国际统一实体法条约 conventions on international uniform substantive law任意性惯例 non-exclusive usages涉外私法Foreign Private Law涉外因素 foreign elements属地管辖权 territorial jurisdiction属人管辖权personal jurisdiction隐存的法律冲突 potential conflict of laws直接调整方法direct approach第二课：冲突法的理论发展史巴托鲁斯Bartolus本地法说Local Law Theory本国法lex partriae布鲁歇 Brocher达让特莱 DArgent戴赛 Dicey杜摩兰 Dumoulin法律关系本座说 Doctrine of the Seat of Particular Legal Relationships法则区别说Statutist Theory国际礼让说 Comity Theory胡伯 Huber混合法则 statuta mixta既得权说 the Theory of Vested or Acquired Rights结果选择方法result-selecting rules卡弗斯Cavers客观标志原则the Objective Contacts Doctrine柯里Currie库克 Cook里斯 Reese孟西尼 Mancini戚希尔 Cheshire人的法则 statuta personalia萨维尼 Savigny斯托雷 Story物的法则 statuta realia虚假冲突 false conflicts真实冲突 true Conflicts政府利益分析说Governmental Interests Analysis重力中心说 the Center of Gravity Test重力中心地 Center of Gravity最密切联系说 Doctrine of the Most Significant Relationship最真实联系说 the Most Real Contact Doctrine第三课：国际私法的主体不歧视待遇non-discriminate treatment法定住所 statutory domicile法人 legal person法人的国籍 nationality of legal person法人的住所 domicile of legal person国籍的积极冲突 positive conflict of nationality国籍的消极冲突 negative conflict of nationality国家及其财产豁免immunities of states and their property国民待遇 National Treatment国有化nationalization居所 residence绝对豁免论 The Doctrine of Absolute Immunity实际国籍 nationalit effective司法管辖豁免 immunity from jurisdiction限制豁免论 The Doctrine of Relative or Restrictive Immunity选择住所 domicile of choice优惠待遇 Preferential Treatment原始住所 domicile of origin执行豁免immunity from execution住所 domicile最惠国待遇 the Most Favored-nation Treatment, MFN第四课：冲突规范与准据法场所支配行为 locus regit actum重叠适用的冲突规范double conflict rules单边冲突规范 unilateral conflict rules当事人合意选择的法律 lex voluntatis定性 qualification动态连结点 variable point of contact法院地法 lex fori识别 classification附带问题 Lawincidental question国际惯例 International Usages合同缔结地法lex loci contractus静态连结点 constant point of contact客观连结点 the objective point of contact空间法律冲突 inter-spatial conflict of laws连结点 point of contact连结对象 object of connection连结因素 connecting factor民法施行法 EGBGB旗国法law of the flag侵权行为地法 lex loci delicti人际法律冲突 Inter-personal conflict of laws时际法律冲突 Inter-temporal conflict of laws实体规范substantive rules时效问题 Limitation of actions , statute of limitation实质性连结因素标准 material connecting factors criterion属人法 lex personalis双边冲突规范 bilateral conflict rules外国法的适用application of Foreign Laws物之所在地法lex rei sitae; lex situs系属公式 formula先决问题 preliminary question行为地法 lex loci actus选择适用的冲突规范 alternative conflict rules主观连结点 subjective point of contact住所地法 lex domicile准据法 applicable law, lex causae自体法说 the Proper Law Doctrine第五课：冲突规范的运用（冲突规范的制度）（一）单一反致 single renvoi二级识别 secondary characterization反致 renvoi分析法学与比较法说 the Theory of Analytical Jurisprudence and Comparative个案识别说 qualification case by case识别 characterization双重反致 double renvoi外国法院说foreign court theory狭义的反致 remission一级识别 primary characterization转致 transmission准据法说 lex causae第六课：冲突规范的运用（冲突规范的制度）（二）法律规避 evasion of law公共秩序保留 reservation of public order公共政策 public policy外国法内容的查明ascertainment of foreign law第七课：民事能力的法律适用宣告死亡declaration of absence自然人权利能力 Legal capacity自然人的行为能力 Disposing capacity第八课：物权的法律适用船舶抵押权 ship mortgage船舶留置权possessors lien on vessel船舶所有权 ownership of ship船舶优先权maritime lien物权 Real Rights第九课、第十课 涉外合同的法律适用与案例研习BOT 投资方式 Build-Operate-Transfer当事人意思自治autonomy of will分割方法 choosing and picking, depecage合同自体法理论 the proper law of the Contract特征性履行方法Characteristic Performance信托 trusts意思自治原则 Party Autonomy最密切联系地法law of the place of the most significant relationship最密切联系原则 the Most Closest Connect Doctrine第十一课： 涉外侵权的法律适用比较损害方法comparative-impairment approach船舶碰撞 collision侵权行为 tort侵权行为地法law of the place of wrong双重可诉原则 rule of double actionability第十二课：涉外婚姻家庭的法律适用跛脚婚姻 limping marriage夫妻关系 matrimonial relationship婚姻举行地法 lex loci celebrationis监护 custody离婚 Divorce亲子关系 parent-children relationship收养 adoption准正 legitimation第十三课：涉外继承的法律适用法定继承 intestate succession继承 succession区别制 separate system同一制 unitary system第十四课 国际民事诉讼程序（一）程序规范 procedure rules对人诉讼管辖权in personam jurisdiction对物诉讼管辖权 in rem jurisdiction法定管辖 statutory jurisdiction管辖权选择方法 jurisdiction-selecting rules国际民事案件管辖权international civil jurisdiction国际民事诉讼程序 international civil litigation国际民事诉讼法 International Civil Procedure Law内国裁决 domestic award任意管辖权 non-exclusive jurisdiction挑选法院 forum shopping协议管辖 jurisdiction by agreement小型审判 Mini Trial第十五课 国际民事诉讼程序（二）承认与执行外国法院判决 recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments国际司法协助 international judicial assistance领事代理 consular agency领事途径 consular mechanism诉讼代理 litigation agency诉讼费用担保 security for cost外交途径 diplomatic mechanism域外送达 service abroad域外调查取证extraterritorial discovery and taking evidence abroad直接送达 direct service中央机关途径central authority mechanism第十七课 国际商事仲裁 (一)ADR 解决方法Alternative Dispute Resolution常设仲裁机构permanent arbitration agency国际商会仲裁院 Court of Arbitration ， ICC国际