智能合约开发-部署-测试方案.doc

一 智能合约开发语言：solidityIDE：mix-ide or whatever实例编写，Conference.sol：contract Conference address public organizer; mapping (address = uint) public registrantsPaid; uint public numRegistrants; uint public quota; event Deposit(address _from, uint _amount); / so you can log these events event Refund(address _to, uint _amount); function Conference() / Constructor organizer = msg.sender; quota = 500; numRegistrants = 0; function buyTicket() public returns (bool success) if (numRegistrants = quota) return false; registrantsPaidmsg.sender = msg.value; numRegistrants+; Deposit(msg.sender, msg.value); return true; function changeQuota(uint newquota) public if (msg.sender != organizer) return; quota = newquota; function refundTicket(address recipient, uint amount) public if (msg.sender != organizer) return; if (registrantsPaidrecipient = amount) address myAddress = this; if (myAddress.balance = amount) recipient.send(amount); registrantsPaidrecipient = 0; numRegistrants-; Refund(recipient, amount); function destroy() / so funds not locked in contract forever if (msg.sender = organizer) suicide(organizer); / send funds to organizer 二 智能合约部署使用truffle部署智能合约的步骤：1.truffle init(在新目录中) = 创建truffle项目目录结构2. 编写合约代码，保存到contracts/YourContractName.sol文件。3. 把合约名字加到config/app.json的contracts部分。4. 启动以太坊节点（例如在另一个终端里面运行testrpc）。5.truffle deploy（在truffle项目目录中)添加一个智能合约。在truffle init执行后或是一个现有的项目目录中，复制粘帖上面的会议合约到contracts/Conference.sol文件中。然后打开truffle.js文件，把Conference加入deploy数组中。启动testrpc。在另一个终端中启动testrpc。编译或部署。执行truffle compile看一下合约是否能成功编译，或者直接truffle deploy一步完成编译和部署。这条命令会把部署好的合约的地址和ABI（应用接口）加入到配置文件中，这样之后的truffle test和truffle build步骤可以使用这些信息。出错了？编译是否成功了？记住，错误信息即可能出现在testrpc终端也可能出现在truffle终端。重启节点后记得重新部署！如果你停止了testrpc节点，下一次使用任何合约之前切记使用truffle deploy重新部署。testrpc在每一次重启之后都会回到完全空白的状态。部署truffle deploy启动服务truffle serve启动服务后，可以在浏览器访问项目：http:/localhost:8080/三 智能合约测试用例编写/ 测试用例编写/ 把项目目录test/中的example.js文件重命名为conference.js，内容修改为如下，然后启动testrpc后，运行/ Truffle testcontract(Conference, function(accounts) / 1. 初始化一个新的Conference，然后检查变量是否都正确赋值 it(Initial conference settings should match, function(done) var conference = Conference.at(Conference.deployed_address); / same as previous example up to here Conference.new( from: accounts0 ) .then(function(conference) conference.quota.call().then( function(quota) assert.equal(quota, 500, Quota doesnt match!); ).then( function() return conference.numRegistrants.call(); ).then( function(num) assert.equal(num, 0, Registrants should be zero!); return anizer.call(); ).then( function(organizer) assert.equal(organizer, accounts0, Owner doesnt match!); done(); / to stop these tests earlier, move this up).catch(done); ).catch(done); );/ 2. 测试合约函数调用 测试改变Quote变量的函数能否工作it(Should update quota, function(done) var c = Conference.at(Conference.deployed_address); Conference.new(from: accounts0 ).then( function(conference) conference.quota.call().then( function(quota) assert.equal(quota, 500, Quota doesnt match!); ).then( function() return conference.changeQuota(300);).then( function(result) / result here is a transaction hash console.log(result); / if you were to print this out itd be long hex - the transaction hash return conference.quota.call().then( function(quota) assert.equal(quota, 300, New quota is not correct!); done();).catch(done); ).catch(done););/ 3. 测试交易 调用一个需要发起人发送资金的函数。it(Should let you buy a ticket, function(done) var c = Conference.at(Conference.deployed_address); Conference.new( from: accounts0 ).then( function(conference) var ticketPrice = web3.toWei(.05, ether); var initialBalance = web3.eth.getBalance(conference.address).toNumber(); conference.buyTicket( from: accounts1, value: ticketPrice ).then(function() var newBalance = web3.eth.getBalance(conference.address).toNumber(); var difference = newBalance - initialBalance; assert.equal(difference, ticketPrice, Difference should be what was sent); return conference.numRegistrants.call(); ).then(function(num) assert.equal(num, 1, there should be 1 registrant); return conference.registrantsPaid.call(accounts1); ).then(function(amount) assert.equal(amount.toNumber(), ticketPrice, Senders paid but is not listed); done(); ).catch(done); ).catch(done););/ 4. 测试包含转账的合约 最后，为了完整性，确认一下refundTicket方法能正常工作，而且只有会议组织者能调用it(Should issue a refund by owner only, function(done) var c = Conference.at(Conference.deployed_address); Conference.new( from: accounts0 ).then( function(conference) var ticketPrice = web3.toWei(.05, ether); var initialBalance = web3.eth.getBalance(conference.address).toNumber(); conference.buyTicket( from: accounts1, value: ticketPrice ).then(function() var newBalance = web3.eth.getBalance(conference.address).toNumber(); var difference = newBalance - initialBalance; assert.equal(difference, ticketPrice, Difference should be what was sent); / same as before up to here / Now try to issue refund as second user - should fail return conference.refundTicket(accounts1, ticketPrice, from: accounts1); ).then( function() var balance = web3.eth.getBalance(conference.address).toNumber(); assert.equal(web3.toBigNumber(balance), ticketPrice, Balance should be unchanged); / Now try to issue refund as organizer/owner - should work return conference.refundTicket(accounts1, ticketPrice, from: accounts0); ).then( function() var postRefundBalance = web3.eth.getBalance(conference.address).toNumber(); assert.equal(postRefundBalance, initialBalance, Balance should be initial balance); done();).catch(done); ).catch(done); ); );/ Solidity编译器提供了一个参数让你可以从命令行获取合约的Gas开销概要/ solc -gas Conference.sol/ 输出：= Conference =Gas estimation:construction: 45438 + 271200 = 316638external: registrantsPaid(address):323 organizer():282 refundTicket(address,uint256):? destroy():384 changeQuota(uint256):20370 quota():333 numRegistrants():355 buyTicket():42023internal:四 为合约创建DApp界面 1. 修改app/javascripts/app.jswindow.onload = function() var accounts = web3.eth.accounts;var conference = Conference.at(Conference.deployed_address);$(#confAddress).html(Conference.deployed_address);var myConferenceInstance;Conference.new(from: accounts0, gas: 3141592).then(function(conf) myConferenceInstance = conf;checkValues(); );/ Check Valuesfunction checkValues() myConferenceInstance.quota.call().then(function(quota) $(input#confQuota).val(quota);return myConferenceIanizer.call();).then(function(organizer) $(input#confOrganizer).val(organizer);return myConferenceInstance.numRegistrants.call(); ).then(function(num) $(#numRegistrants).html(num.toNumber();return myConferenceIanizer.call(););/ Change Quotafunction changeQuota(val) myConferenceInstance.changeQuota(val, from: accounts0).then(function() return myConferenceInstance.quota.call();).then(function(quota) if (quota = val) var msgResult;msgResult = Change successful; else msgResult = Change failed;$(#changeQuotaResult).html(msgResult););/ buyTicketfunction buyTicket(buyerAddress, ticketPrice) myConferenceInstance.buyTicket( from: buyerAddress, value: ticketPrice ).then(function() return myConferenceInstance.numRegistrants.call();).then(function(num) $(#numRegistrants).html(num.toNumber();return myConferenceInstance.registrantsPaid.call(buyerAddress);).then(function(valuePaid) var msgResult;if (valuePaid.toNumber() = ticketPrice) msgResult = Purchase successful; else msgResult = Purchase failed;$(#buyTicketResult).html(msgResult););/ refundTicketfunction refundTicket(buyerAddress, ticketPrice) var msgResult;myConferenceInstance.registrantsPaid.call(buyerAddress).then(function(result) if (result.toNumber() = 0) $(#refundTicketResult).html(Buyer is not registered - no refund!); else myConferenceInstance.refundTicket(buyerAddress, ticketPrice, from: accounts0).then(function() return myConferenceInstance.numRegistrants.call();).then(function(num) $(#numRegistrants).html(num.toNumber();return myConferenceInstance.registrantsPaid.call(buyerAddress);).then(function(valuePaid) if (valuePaid.toNumber() = 0) msgResult = Refund successful; else msgResult = Refund failed;$(#refundTicketResult).html(msgResult);););/ createWalletfunction createWallet(password) var msgResult;var secretSeed = lightwallet.keystore.generateRandomSeed();$(#seed).html(secretSeed);lightwallet.keystore.deriveKeyFromPassword(password, function (err, pwDerivedKey) console.log(createWallet);var keystore = new lightwallet.keystore(secretSeed, pwDerivedKey);/ generate one new address/private key pairs/ the corresponding private keys are also encryptedkeystore.generateNewAddress(pwDerivedKey);var address = keystore.getAddresses()0;var privateKey = keystore.exportPrivateKey(address, pwDerivedKey);console.log(address);$(#wallet).html(0x+address);$(#privateKey).html(privateKey);$(#balance).html(getBalance(address);/ Now set ks as transaction_signer in the hooked web3 provider/ and you can start using web3 using the keys/addresses in ks!switchToHooked3(keystore););function getBalance(address) return web3.fromWei(web3.eth.getBalance(address).toNumber(), ether);/ switch to hooked3webprovider which allows for external Tx signing/ (rather than signing from a wallet in the Ethereum client)function switchToHooked3(_keystore) console.log(switchToHooked3);var web3Provider = new HookedWeb3Provider( host: http:/localhost:8545, / check what using in truffle.js transaction_signer: _keystore);web3.setProvider(web3Provider);function fundEth(newAddress, amt) console.log(fundEth);var fromAddr = accounts0; / default owner address of clientvar toAddr = newAddress;var valueEth = amt;var value = parseFloat(valueEth)*1.0e18;var gasPrice = 1000000000000;var gas = 50000;web3.eth.sendTransaction(from: fromAddr, to: toAddr, value: value, function (err, txhash) if (err) console.log(ERROR: + err) console.log(txhash: + txhash + ( + amt + in ETH sent);$(#balance).html(getBalance(toAddr););/ Wire up the UI elements$(#changeQuota).click(function() var val = $(#confQuota).val();changeQuota(val););$(#buyTicket).click(function() var val = $(#ticketPrice).val();var buyerAddress = $(#buyerAddress).val();buyTicket(buyerAddress, web3.toWei(val););$(#refundTicket).click(function() var val = $(#ticketPrice).val();var buyerAddress = $(#refBuyerAddress).val();refundTicket(buyerAddress, web3.toWei(val););$(#createWallet).click(function() var val = $(#password).val();if (!val) $(#pass