上海海事大学英语笔译英译汉文章.doc

San Franciscodreadful可怕的 pagoda宝塔 turntable 转盘San FranciscoSan Francisco, open your Golden Gate, sang the girl in the theatre. She never1 finished her song. That date was 18th April, 1906. The earth shook and the roof suddenly divided, buildings crashed2 to the ground and people rushed out into the streets. The dreadful earthquake destroyed the city that had grown up when men discovered gold in the deserts of California.3 But today the streets of San Francisco stretch over more than forty steep hills, rising like huge cliffs above the blue waters of the Pacific Ocean.The best way to see this splendid city, where Spanish people were the first to make their homes, is to take one of the old cable cars which run along the nine main avenues. Fares are cheap; they have not risen, Im told, for almost a hundred years.4You leave5 the palm trees in Union Square - the heart of San Francisco - and from the shop signs and the faces around you, you will notice that in the city live people from many nations - Austrians, Italians, Chinese and others6 - giving each part a special character. More Chinese live in China Town than in any other part of the world outside China.7 Here, with Chinese restaurants, Chinese post-boxes, and even odd telephone-boxes that look like pagodas, it is easy8 to feel you are in China itself.Fishermans Wharf, a place all foreigners want to see, is at the end of the ride. You get out, pause perhaps to help the other travelers to swing the cable car on its turntable (a city custom), and then set out to find a table in one of9 the gay little restaurants beside the harbor. As you enjoy the fresh Pacific seafood you can admire the bright red paint of the Golden Gate Bridge in the harbor and watch the traffic crossing beneath the tall towers on its way to the pretty village of Tiberon. 译文漫步旧金山“旧金山，敞开你的金门吧!”剧院里女歌手唱道，可惜她再也没能唱完1。这一天是1906年4月18日，大地震动，屋顶猛地开裂，楼房轰然2倒塌，人们纷纷从屋里逃出，冲上街头。这座城市早在人们于加州沙漠发现金矿起，就兴盛起来，却遭此可怕的地震，毁于一旦（却毁于这场可怕的地震）3。然而，时至今日，旧金山的街道四处延伸（四通八达），遍布四十多座陡峭的小山。那些小山像悬崖峭壁般高耸于太平洋蓝色的海域之上。要游览这座西班牙人最早在此落户的绚丽城市，最好的办法是乘坐旧式缆车。缆车穿越九条主大街，收费低廉，据说近百年来一直没涨过价4。联合广场是旧金山的中心。你从广场棕榈树下向外行5，扫视店铺招牌和周围形形色色的面孔，就会注意到这座城市里居住着来自许多国家的人奥地利人、意大利人、中国人等等6这就使每一地段呈现出迥然不同的特色。唐人街住着许多华人，其人数之众超过中国本土之外任何地方7。这里有中国风味的餐馆、中国式邮筒，甚至还有奇异的电话亭，形如宝塔。凡此种种，不费想象8就令你恍若置身中国境内了。缆车的终点站是“渔民码头”，海外游客均想一睹为快。你下车后，稍做停留，遵照当地风俗，帮助其他游客推动转车台上的缆车，使之掉头转向，然后移步到码头旁边一家9装饰华丽的小饭馆里找个座位坐下。你可以一边品尝太平洋的海鲜，一边欣赏海港里漆色鲜红的金门大桥，观看林立的高楼之下通往美丽村庄“蒂伯龙”的交通线上络绎不绝的车辆。Beijing Is No Longer Like a Black-and-White Photograph词汇throng群集 beckon召唤；吸引 gawk呆呆地看 penetrate渗透；看穿；洞察Vacationing in China was a new1 experience. In Beijing in the 1980s2, we felt like birds in a cage. At that time foreigners couldnt travel at will around the country. My few trips outside Beijing were usually “business only”. Few Chinese cities were open to foreigners, and we needed travel permits everywhere we went. Airline flights were few, tickets were hard to get and they cost more for us than for Chinese citizens. Worst of all, our interactions with Chinese people were extremely limited. For example, two men stood at the door of the hotel where we lived, challenging3 every Chinese who entered. You could say that our China experience was shallow. We hoped for a deeper kind of experience in 2001.In my memory, Beijing was like a black-and-white photograph. Few cars were on the streets, only bicycles. Everyone wore dark blue clothing. In the parks, the ground was bare of even a blade of grass. The gray buildings all looked alike. But when I stepped off the plane in Beijing on 20 September 2001, the black-and-white photograph exploded into bright color and came to life. Impressive new high-rise buildings4 lined the streets5, which6 were jammed with buses, trucks, and private cars. People wearing colorful clothing thronged the department stores and bookstores. Coffee houses, fast-food joints4, and every kind of restaurant beckoned us to try every kind of food. Small children played happily in verdant parks. Is this Beijing, I wondered, or Hong Kong? I walked and gawked, like a peasant visiting the city for the first time.Because I had seen the China of 20 years ago, I could compare the old with the new. The changes in material circumstances were enormous, and easy to recognize. But I wanted to understand the deeper changes - in peoples thinking, attitudes, and lifestyles. But how could a foreigner penetrate the surface, to see into the Chinese state of mind? Arriving in Beijing, I couldnt help but notice the ads and signs everywhere. So I thought, could I use them to understand todays China?北京不再是一幅黑白照片在中国度假是一种崭新1的经历。80年代在北京2，我们觉得自己就像是笼中鸟儿。那时外国人不能随意到全国各地旅行。我仅有的几次外埠旅行也都是“只办公事”。当时没有几个中国城市对外国人开放，去哪儿都要得到批准。飞机航班也极少，很难买到机票，而我们买机票还要比中国公民花钱多。最糟糕的是，我们和中国人的交流受到严格限制。举个例子，在我们住的宾馆门口就有两个人站岗，凡是每一个要进去的中国人，他们都要盘问一番3。可以说，我们那时对中国的感受不深。我们希望2001年在中国能有比较深的体验。在我的记忆中，北京就像一幅黑白照片。街道上只有自行车，汽车寥寥无几；人人都穿深蓝色衣服；公园里，土地裸露，寸草不生；灰色的楼房看上去千篇一律。可是，2001年9月20日，我来到北京，刚走下飞机，黑白照片却一下子变成了鲜艳的彩色照片，而且是那么富有生气（生机勃勃）。马路两侧，一幢幢4新建的高楼大厦鳞次栉比，威严耸立5。马路6上满是公共汽车、卡车和私人轿车。人们穿着色彩各异的服装，云集在商店和书店。各式各样4的咖啡厅、快餐连锁店和餐厅吸引着我们去品尝各种食品。小孩子在绿草如茵的公园里嬉戏（快乐地玩耍）。我问自己，这是北京还是香港？我就像个第一次进城的农民，一边走一边傻傻地看。因为我见过20年前的中国，我就能将新老景象加以比较。物质环境的变化是巨大的，也是容易感受到的，但我想了解更深层的变化人们在思维、态度以及生活方式上的变化。但是一个外国人又如何能够透过表面现象来看到中国人的内心呢？到了北京之后，我立刻就注意到了无处不在的广告与标志。于是我想，我可不可以通过它们来了解今天的中国？Japans Tough Choice词汇fix困境 deflation通货紧缩 trillion万亿 devaluation（货币）贬值The Nikkei stock market index日经指数 recession衰退，不景气Japans Tough ChoiceJapanese policymakers are in a real fix. They seem to have tried almost everything to deal with the persistent1 deflation in the worlds second-biggest economy, but failed. Interest rates are close to zero. They have pumped trillions of yen into the economyin fact, they have issued so many government bonds that their credit rating is threatened. But deflation persists2. And so, it appears, the only thing left is devaluation. In December3, the yen weakened by 7% against the dollar. This month it fell still further, to 133.4 against the dollar4, a 39-month low, raising suspicions that devaluation is already government policy.Japans problems are acute indeed. The Nikkei stock market index stands at little more than a quarter of the level of its 1989 peak. The country has been5 in recession for the past year and national income is expected to shrink again this year. Industrial production withered by 13% in the year to November. Consumer prices, which have been falling5 since 1999, are expected to continue to decline this year. Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, it appeared as if inflation was the only evil. But deflation comes with its own problems. For one6, consumers hold off spending because they know their money will be worth more tomorrow7. Demand falls. Companies lay off workers, making consumers even warier about spending, and demand falls again. In Japan, there are two other problems: real interest rates, that is interest rates after inflation8, become very high, and deflation swells an already heavy debt burden in real terms. Japanese unemployment is at an historical high of 5.5%. On top of this, there is believed to be much hidden unemployment across the economy. The actions taken so far seem to have had little effect5. Japanese consumers have refused to increase their spending, and the Japanese savings rate remains among the highest in the world. 日本政府的痛苦抉择日本决策者现在正是一筹莫展。这个世界上的第二经济大国，国内通货紧缩势头持续不减1。决策者似乎使尽了浑身解数：国内利率已调低近乎零，动用了上万亿日元以望拉动经济其实，日本政府发行的政府债券数量繁多，政府信用级别面临很大的风险。可这一切都无济于事，通货紧缩仍不见好转2。如此看起来，这最后一招就剩下让日元贬值了。去年12月份3，日元对美元比率下降了7，本月更是跌至133.44，是39个月来的最低谷，致使大家都怀疑日元贬值是日本政府早已制定的政策。日本面临的经济问题着实严重。目前，日经股指仅有1989年高峰期的四分之一强。过去一年，日本经济持续5衰退，预计今年国民收入将再次减少。工业产品到去年11月份已萎缩13，消费物价指数自1999年以来一直下跌5，预计今年将继续下降。二十世纪七、八十年代，通货膨胀似乎是唯一严重的问题。但通货紧缩也带来了自身的问题。比如6，消费者知道明天自己的钱会更值钱，就会持币不花7；需求下降。公司临时解雇工人，这使消费者花钱愈发小心翼翼，而需求进一步下降。日本政府还面临着另外两个问题，实质利率（即扣除通货膨胀率后的实际回报率）8变得很高，同时通货紧缩使本已沉重的债务负担更重了。日本的失业率已高达5.5，到了历史最高水平。另外，据信全国还有很多隐性的失业人数，而日本政府所采用的措施收效甚微。日本消费者已表示不愿意再多花一分钱，这使日本的储蓄率高居全球之首。 A Passion for Sport词汇prowess威力 Paralympic Games残疾人奥运会 aptitude天赋 physiotherapist理疗学家nutritionists营养学家 crisply清楚地 bleak单调的，黯淡的Australians have always loved sport, and excelled at it1. Even before Federation in 1901, “Australia” was competing internationally as a nation. Despite its relatively small population, Australia has consistently had world champions in most sports. The most recent example of Australias sporting prowess is its athletes success at the Sydney 2000 Olympic and Paralympic Games.2 Finishing in fourth place overall in the Olympic competition, Australians won 58 medals. Australia gained first place in the Paralympics, with a total of 149 medals. But it is not just a strong will and a natural aptitude for sport that makes Australian athletes champions in their disciplines. Applying the newest scientific technologies to training can literally mean the difference between winning and losing in competition. The role that science plays in sport is now a major factor in Australias sporting success. 3 In addition, Australias elite athletes have a large support network of coaches, managers, scientists, doctors, physiotherapists and nutritionists. In 2001, an estimated 11.7 million people, or 77.7 per cent of the population aged 15 years and over, participated in at least one physical activity for recreation and sport. Australians also enjoy watching sporting events, with sporting programs the most commonly watched on television (after4 news and current affairs), by 55 per cent of adults. Going to sports events is also a popular pastime. In 1999, 7 million people, or 47.1 per cent of the Australian population aged 15 years and over, attended sporting matches or competitions5. The late, great cricketer Sir Donald Bradman summed it up crisply and well. “Sport,” he said, “is embedded in the fabric of Australian life.” Author Donald Horne once made the bleak but accurate judgment that to play games and/ or watch them was “to fulfill ones role as an Australian.6” 对体育的热爱澳大利亚人一贯热爱体育，擅长体育运动1。甚至在1901年成立联邦以前，“澳大利亚”就作为一个国家参加国际体育竞赛。澳大利亚人口规模相对较小，但已在大多数体育项目中连续获得世界冠军。在2000年悉尼奥运会和残疾人奥运会上，澳大利亚运动员大获成功，这是澳大利亚体育实力的最新范例2。在2000年奥运会上，澳大利亚共赢得58枚奖牌，总体排名第四。在残疾人奥运会上，澳大利亚共赢得149枚奖牌，总体排名第一。然而，澳大利亚运动员并不纯粹依靠坚强意志和体育天赋在各自项目夺冠。将最新科学技术应用于体育训练会使比赛结果输赢迥异。如今，澳大利亚在体育领域获得了成功，一个重要原因是，科学在体育中发挥了作用3。此外，澳大利亚的杰出运动员还拥有由教练、管理人员、科学家、医生、理疗学家和营养学家组成的庞大支持网络。2001年，澳大利亚15岁及以上的人口中估计有77.7%的人，或者说1170万人，参加了至少一项为娱乐和体育目的而开展的运动。澳大利亚人还喜欢观看体育比赛，体育节目属于电视节目中收视率最高的一类（仅次于4新闻和时事），在成人中的收视率达到55%。现场观看体育比赛也是一种流行的休闲方式。1999年，澳大利亚15岁及以上的人口中估计有47.1%的人，或者说700万人口，观看过体育比赛5。已故板球巨星唐纳德布莱德曼爵士曾简明扼要地总结澳大利亚人与体育的关系。他说：“体育已已深植于澳大利亚人生活中（成为澳大利亚人生活中不可或缺的组成部分）。”作家唐纳德霍恩对此也曾作过不加修饰的精确评论。他认为，只有参加和/或观看比赛才“算得上是澳大利亚人6。”GM Invests to Speed Production of Fuel-cell Cars词汇General Motors通用汽车公司Quantum昆腾科技公司combustion燃烧infancy襁褓之年；幼时；初期GM Invests to Speed Production of Fuel-cell CarsGeneral Motors said Tuesday it has purchased a 20 percent stake in Quantum Technologies, a California company specializing in producing components for fuel-cell cars1. The alliance is expected to shorten the time to mass market commercialization of vehicles using the environmentally-friendly technology being developed by Quantum.2Larry Burns, GMs vice president of research, development and planning, described the move3 as “the next step on the long road to a hydrogen-based economy.” GM wants to be “the first company to put one million fuel cell vehicles on the road,” said Quantum chief executive Syed Hussain. The company, which has been working with GM for eight years, is developing hydrogen-storage tanks for vehicles. GM said it is aiming to produce fuel-cell vehicles commercially 4by 2010, but the date depends on how fast the technology can be refined and pricing issues.Fuel cells are widely considered the most promising long-term replacement5 for gasoline-fueled internal combustion engines that power most of todays cars and trucks. In addition to being less polluting, the engines6 are extremely efficient in converting gasoline or hydrogen into electric power to drive the vehicle. Although fuel cells are still in their infancy, virtually every automaker is working on the engines, experimental versions of which achieve about 200 miles to the gallon on average. 7通用公司欲投资加速燃料电池汽车的生产通用公司周二宣布已经买下昆腾科技公司一家位于加州专门为使用燃料电池的汽车生产配件的公司1百分之二十的股份。二者的结盟预计将缩短运用昆腾公司开发的环保型技术的汽车2大规模投放市场的时间。负责研究发展和规划的通用副总裁拉瑞彭斯把这项合作3称为“在通往以氢为燃料的漫漫征途上迈出的又一步”。昆腾公司首席执行官塞德侯塞因说通用公司想成为“第一家生产一百万辆燃料电池汽车并投放使用的”公司。与通用已合作8年的昆腾公司正在开发用于汽车的储氢燃料箱。通用称，它计划到2010年时能生产出投入市场的4使用燃料电池的汽车（能使燃料电池汽车投入商业性生产）不过具体日期还取决于相关技术需多少时间才能完善以及定价问题（相关技术成熟的速度以及定价问题）。燃料电池被广泛认为是目前为各种机动车辆提供动力的汽油燃料内燃机的最有可能的最终替代品5（最有可能最终替代目前各种机动车辆普遍使用的汽油燃料内燃机）。除了6会减少污染外，新的引擎7（采用燃料电池的引擎）还以更高的效率把汽油和氢能转化成电能，驱动汽车行驶。虽然燃料电池的开发还处于初始阶段（起步时间不长），实际上每家汽车制造商都在积极研制这种新型的发动机（都倾注了很大的力气在新型发动机的发展上）。对新发动机的实验表明，它可以使汽车用l加仑汽油平均行驶200英里8（实验结果显示，新发动机可以使汽车用1加仑汽油平均行驶200英里）。Do as the Romans Do词汇awkward尴尬的Pepsi-Cola百事可乐courtesy礼貌，谦恭Do as the Romans DoHere I must put in a few words about my experience1 here in China. If I have dinner with a Chinese host, he always presses more food onto my plate as soon as I have emptied it of the previous helping2. That3 often makes me feel very awkward. I have to eat the food even if I dont like it, because it is considered bad manners in the West to leave ones food on the plate. I have also noticed that when a Chinese sits at, say, 4 an Americans dinner party, he very often refuses the offer of food or drink though he is in fact still hungry5 or thirsty. This might be good manners in China, but it is definitely not in the West. In the United States, it is impolite to keep asking someone again and again or press something on him. Americans are very direct. If they want something, they will ask for it. If not, they will say, No, thanks.” Heres an example: When an American is offered beer by the host, and he doesnt like beer, he will probably say, “No, thanks. I just dont feel like it. Ill take some diet Pepsi-Cola if you have it.” That is what an American will do. Americans consider it confusing to avoid telling the true facts6, even if avoiding the truth is done only to be polite. Americans are taught that “Honesty is the best policy”. But in some countries, courtesy might be more important than honesty. That is where misunderstanding occurs, when people from two different countries meet. So when I am here in China, I have to observe the customs7 here. But when8 you go to the United States, you had better “do as the Romans do.”入乡随俗这里我得说一下自己在中国的经历1。与中国主人一起用餐时，刚吃完前面夹给我的菜，他总是马上又在我的碟子里堆上更多的菜。2这3常常使我感到很尴尬。在西方，把食物剩在碟子里是不礼貌的，不想吃的食物，我也得吃下去。我还注意到，中国人坐在，比方说，美国人举办的宴席上，常常会辞谢递给他的食物和饮料，事实上他还没吃饱或口还渴。在中国这样做可能是得体的举止，但在西方，却决不见得文明。在美国，一再问人家要不要食物，或强塞给人食物是不礼貌的。美国人很直率。想要什么，他们就会提出。不想要，他们就会说：“不，谢谢。”比如：主人给一位美国客人敬啤酒，客人不喜欢，他就会说：“不，谢谢。我不太想喝啤酒。要是您有无糖的百事可乐，我倒想来点。”这就是美国人的行事方式（美国人都会照此办理）。不说真话（把真话闷在心里）6，即便这样做完全是出于礼貌，也会令美国人感到难以理解。美国人信奉（遵循）“诚实是最佳的处事方针”。但在有些国家，彬彬有礼比诚实更为重要。两个不同国家的人碰到一起，往往就会产生误解。我在中国的时候，得遵循7这里的习俗。若8你们去美国，最好也要“入乡随俗”。Converting the Masses: Starbucks in China词汇Starbucks星巴克咖啡店 akin性相近的；相似的 yuppie雅皮士It sounds like Mission Impossible：Sell coffee to Chinas tea drinkers. Starbucks solution is to select highprofile locations1 on the busiest streets，where stores are sure to se duce the seeandbeseen set2. As Starbucks launches an aggressive expansion in China，a coffee frontier steeped in nearly 5,000 years of tea3. The goal：to build hip hangouts that tap into a new taste for Chinas emerging middle class.4Starbucks China doesnt plan any advertising，promotions，or other marketing strategies，aside from sponsoring an online coffee club and the occasional office-tower coffee tastingInstead，the company is counting on selecting such high-visibility，high-traffic cafe locations that they market themselvesIts main advertising medium is the store itself5. But in fast-changing Chinese cities，finding locations that will embody the right lifestyle is more akin to gambling than science6. The computerized mapping databases that the company