英语周报高中英语 Unit 3 A healthy life Grammar辅导 新人教版选修6.doc

unit 3 a healthy life “it”的用法（一）【观察】观察下列几组句子中it的用法，然后加以总结。1. a. i bought a cellphone yesterday and it cost me 2,000 yuan.b. the hunter shot at the bird but missed it. c. the baby stopped crying immediately it saw its mother. d. whos that over there? its robert morley. 2. a. it was a warm sunny afternoon, so we decided to go hiking. b. it was nearly midnight when my mother came back home.c. it is no more than twenty minutes walk to the city center.3. a. it is against the law to drive without wearing your seat belt. b. as we have no money, it is no use thinking about a holiday. c. it is still a question how many people are to come to their wedding. d. i think it no use arguing with him he wont listen to you.e. he makes it a rule never to borrow money from his girlfriend.f. i dont think it possible that the number of pandas will greatly increase in the near future.【总结】通过观察以上例句，可将it的用法归纳如下： it常用作人称代词，指代前面提到的事物、动物、性别不明的婴儿或未知的人。（如第1组例句） it可用作非人称代词，指代天气、时间、距离、日期等。（如第2组例句） it用作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语（不定式短语、动词-ing形式短语或名词性从句）置于句尾。（如第3组例句）【辨析】it, one和that 1. it指物时，是明确指上文提到的那个事物。it可以代替单数可数名词、不可数名词及前面提到的事情或情况。如：do you still keep the picture?no, i have sold it. (it = the picture)2. one指前面的名词或名词短语所表示的同类事物中的一个，而不是指同一个事或物。one既可以代替人，也可以代替物，但只能代替可数名词，其复数形式为ones。注意：当one前有形容词修饰时，其前需加a / an。如：i lost my old umbrella; this is a new one.（one my old umbrella）do you have a watch?yes. i have a very good one.3. that可以代替“the +单数可数名词或不可数名词”，用于特指。that不能代替人，不带前置定语，但可带后置定语。如：the population of shanghai is larger than that of beijing.【高考链接】从、b、c、d 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. to her joy, della earned first the trust of her students and then _ of her colleagues. (辽宁2013)a. that b. one c. ones d. those 2. no matter where he is, he makes _ a rule to go for a walk before breakfast. (陕西2012)a. him b. this c. that d. it 3. if youre buying todays paper from the stand, could you get _ for me? (辽宁2012)a. one b. such c. this d. that4. the employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase _. (北京2011)a. them b. those c. it d. that5. why dont you b