大学英语(专)-1.doc

天津大学网络学院大英（专1）大纲Vocabulary and Structure Directions: Choose the most appropriate answer for each of the following sentences.1. The first popularly chosen president has _ the political representatives over the slow pace of economic change. A. prevented from B. charged for C. accounted for D. clashed with 2. Unless we get more money, well be _ finishing this enquiry program. A. separated from B. recovered from C. prevented from D. charged from 3. The painter lived more than a decade in Europe, _ he could be in close contact with other cubists (立体派艺术家). A. where B. in which C. that D. in that 4. _ Tom is supposed to make an appointment with the dentist, he says he is too busy. A. However B. Whomever C. Whenever D. Whatever 5. Every organism produces waste products no longer useful to itself and which _ to accumulate would in fact be harmful. A. if they allowed B. if were allowed C. if was allows D. if allowed 6. I didnt make a _ mistake next time. A. like B. same C. nearr D. similar 7. Life insurance, _ available only to young, healthy persons, can now be obtained for old people. A. before B. after C. former D. previously 8. He _ lives in the house where he was born. A. already B. yet C. still D. ever 9. Are you going to the football game? No. The tickets are _ expensive for me. A. very much B. so much C. far too D. highly 10. For tonights homework, do pages forty and forty-one in the workbook. Professor Hones, I think that is _ work. A. much too much B. much the more C. too hard D. hardest11. It is desirable that the airplane _ as light as possible. A. is B. were C. be D. had been 12. We came finally _ the conclusion that she has been telling lies all the time. A. of B. into C. to D. at 13. I am not used to speaking _ public. A. in B. at C. on D. to 14. He didnt live up to _ had been expected of him. A. what B. which C. that D. all 15. She did not feel _ going out, as she had a slight headache. A. about B. like C. after D. for 16. The price of gold rose again, partly _ news about war. A. result in B. go with C. because D. due to 17. Responsibilities _ becoming a father. A. charge for B. go with C. save for D. go through 18. If you _ in your rent again, you may get thrown out. A. fall behind B. account for C. charge for D. come to 19. The country has _ too many wars in the past few decades; its people are longing for peace so much. A. prevented from B. resulted in C. gone through D. gone with 20. She wouldnt even take a drink, _ stay for dinner. A. much more B. much few C. much lesser D. much less21. England is an island country. _ consists of three principal islands, and _ climate is generally mild. A. It . its B. She . her C. He . his D. She . its 22. England took arms against _ enemy. A. his B. her C. hers D. its 23. That man looks familiar to me. He reminds _ Dr. Richards. A. me to B. me C. me for D. me of 24. It seems very difficult _. A. to stop the child to cry B. restraining the child to cry C. to keep the child from crying D. holding the childs crying 25. He thought he could talk Mr. Robinson _ buying some expensive equipment . A. to B. about C. into D. on 26. When Laura finally arrived she apologized _ so late. A. for to come B. that she was coming C. for coming D. to come 27. This boy is able to repeat from memory _ 200 short poems. A. up to B. up till C. as to D. as far 28. In Shanghai, city planners have made many places for green belts and garden _. A. places B. lots C. spaces D. strips 29. Though we have spent two nights in _ the problem, we still cant find a solution. A. working on B. working out C. working up D. working in 30. It was such a wonderful day that they decided to take a day _ to the mountain. A. away B. voyage C. boat trip D. excursion31. I dont care who you are and where you are from, provided you love me. A. now that B. as long as C. although D. even if 32. He made up a wonderful reason to account_ his absence. A. to B. for C. up D. under33. The school is experimenting _ new teaching methods. A. on B. with C. in D. up34. Being a pop star can be quite a hard life, with a lot of traveling _ heavy schedules. A. with regard to B. as to C. in relation to D. owing to. Reading Comprehension Directions: In this part there are four passages followed by questions, each with five suggested answers. Choose the ONE you think is the best answer.Passage OneThe wheel was one of mans first invention and yet it has also proved one of the most useful. So wide and varied are the uses of wheels, in machines and vehicles of all kinds, that it is difficult to imagine what the world would be like without them. It is surprising to hear it said, therefore, that the wheels importance will perhaps be greatly reduced by the end of the century by an invention so new as to be still unnamed.The invention is a machine that floats above any surface on a cushion (垫子) of air. The cushion is formed when air is blown into the bottom of the machine. This part is shaped like a saucer turned upside down. If air is blown into this saucer, the machine rises to a height that may vary from a few inches to a few feet.Industry is already using one form of the invention to deal with heavy loads. It can lift them with ease and since there are no wheels, and therefore no friction, they can be put into motion with the touch of a finger.The new invention, however, is having a great effect on transport. Not only does it make expensive road systems unnecessary, but it enables vehicles to travel equally well over land or water. This unique ability to reach most destinations has given rise to the prediction that wheeled vehicles may be as uncommon at the end of the century as aeroplanes were at the beginning.16. The first paragraph tells us that _.A) the wheel was mans earliest invention B) the wheels usefulness has yet to be provedC) wide wheels have a variety of important uses D) a new invention may make wheels less important 17. The phrase with the touch of a finger in the third paragraph means _.A) without difficultyB) by electricity C) without frictionD) by hand 18. The passage tells us that the new invention _.A) is more important for industry than for transportB) will one day be used instead of aeroplanes C) makes it possible to travel without using roads D) will replace wheeled vehicles in a hundred years 19. At the end of the century, vehicles using the new invention will probably be _. A) rare B) unimportant C) plentifulD) expensive20. According to the passage, the new invention _. A) will soon get a name B) can go almost anywhereD) is lighter than air D) was uncommon a century agoPassage TwoToday is the anniversary of that afternoon in April a year ago that I first saw the strange and appealing doll in the window of Abe Sheftels stationery(文具) and toy shop on Third Avenue near Fifteenth Street, just around the corner from my office, where the plate on the door reads: Dr. Samuel Amory. I remember just how it was that day: the first hint of spring floated across the East River, mixing with the soft-coal smoke from the factories and the street smells of the poor neighborhood. As I turned the corner on my way to work and came to Sheftels, I was made once more aware of the poor collection of toys in the dusty window, and I remembered the approaching birthday of a small niece of mine in Cleveland, to whom I was in the habit of sending modest gifts. Therefore, I stopped and examined the window to see if there might be anything appropriate, and looked at the confusing collection of unappealing objects- a red toy fire engine, some lead soldiers, cheap baseballs, bottles of ink, pens, yellowed stationery, and garish(花花绿绿的) cardboard advertisements for soft-drink. And my eyes eventually came to rest upon the doll tucked away in one corner, a doll with the shadows and the film through which I was looking, but I was aware that a tremendous impression had been made upon me as though I had run into a person, as one does sometimes with a stranger, with whose personality one is deeply impressed.21. Why does the author mention his niece?A) She likes dolls.B) The doll looks like her.C) She lives near Sheftels.D) He was looking for a gift for her.22. Why did the author go past Sheftels? A) He was on his way to work.B) He was looking for a present for his niece. C) He wanted to buy some stationery.D) He liked to look in the window.23. The story takes place in the _.A) early summer B) midsummer C) early spring D) late spring24. When was the story written?A) One year after the incident. B) In the authors old age. C) Right after the incident. D) On the authors birthday.25. Most of the things in the store window were _. A) expensiveB) appealing C) neatly arrangedD) unattractivePassage ThreeThe human nose has given to the languages of the world many interesting expressions. Of course, this is not surprising. Without the nose, we could not breathe or smell. It is the part of the face that gives a person special character. Cyrano de Bergerac said that a large nose showed a great man-courageous, courteous, manly and intellectual.A famous woman poet wished that she had two noses to smell a rose! Blaise Pascal, a French philosopher, made an interesting comment about Cleopatras nose. If it had been shorter, he said, it would have changed the whole face of the world!Historically, mans nose has had a principal role in his imagination. Man has referred to the nose in many ways to express his emotions. Expressions concerning the nose refer to human weakness: anger, pride, jealousy and revenge. In English there are a number of phrases about the nose. For example, to hold up ones nose expresses a basic human feeling-pride. People can hold up their noses at people, things, and places.The phrase, to be led around by the nose, shows mans weakness. A person who is led around by the nose lets other people control him. On the other hand, a person who follows his nose lets his instinct guide him. For the human emotion of rejection, the phrase to have ones nose put out of joint is very descriptive. The expression applies to persons who have been turned aside because of a competitor. Their pride is hurt and they feel rejected. This expression is not new. It was used by Erasmus in 1542. This is only a sampling of expressions in English dealing with the nose. There are a number of others. However, it should be as plain as the nose on your face that the nose is more than an organ for breathing and smelling!26. This passage is about _.A) the human nose as an organ for breathing and smellingB) the nose providing us with various expressionsC) a woman poets wish to have tow noses D) interesting comments made on Cleopatras nose27. A person who is led around by the nose _.A) lets his instinct guide him B) has no will of his ownC) is strong-minded D) is full of imagination28. A sampling of expressions in the last paragraph means _.A) the giving of only one example to show ones feelingsB) quite a number of examplesC) expressions given to serve as examplesD) expressions that need examples 29. When you say it is as plain as the nose on your face you mean _.A) It is easy to solveB) something looks like your noseC) it is something quite easy to understandD) there is a plain-looking nose on your face30. the nose is more than an organ for breathing and smelling means _.A) the only two functions of the nose are breathing and smellingB) the nose is more important than any other organC) more can be said of this human organ than its function of breathing and smellingD) no other organ functions for breathing and smellingPassage FourIn order to learn a foreign language well, it is necessary to overcome the fear of making mistakes. If the primary goal of language use is communication, then mistakes are secondary considerations that may be dealt with gradually as awareness of those mistakes increases. On the other hand, students should not ignore their mistakes. The language learner may observe how native speakers express themselves, and how native expressions differ from the way the learner might say them. For example, a Spanish speaker who has been saying I do it to express willingness to do something in the immediate future, could, by interacting with native speakers of English, observe that native speakers actually say Ill do it. The resulting discrepancy(差异)can serve as a basis for the student to modify his way of using the present tense in English. But a student who is unwilling to interact in the first place would lose this opportunity to learn by trial and error.31. According to the passage, the present tense in English is _.A) not used to express a desire to do something in the immediate futureB) used with some verbs but not with others to express future intention C) basically the same in English as it is in Spanish D) not the most difficult problem for foreign students32. According to the passage, language learners can reduce the number of their mistakes by _.A) asking native speakers for explanations B) reading good books in the foreign language C) comparing their speech with that of native speakers D) speaking without regard to native speakers 33. According to the passage, foreign language students who do not interact with native speakers will Not _. A) learn very much about foreign culture B) learn about the history of the foreign language C) have to worry about making mistakes D) take advantage of available language models 34. According to the passage, foreign language students should not worry too much about making mistakes because _.A) native speakers like foreign students who try to learn their languageB) communication is the primary goal of language learningC) native speakers will ignore their mistakesD) everyone makes mistakes when trying to communicate in a strange language35. The authors major conclusion about the function of mistakes in foreign language learning is that _.A) mistakes are not important in the process of learning a languageB) learners are often very afraid of making mistakesC) making mistakes can help the learner discover the rules of the languageD) native speakers often do not tell foreign language learners about their mistakesPassage FiveI hear many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling. I wish it were so. At this age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own two feet.But take a good look at the present rebellion（叛逆）. It seems that teenagers are all taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents. Instead of striking out on their own, most of them are clutching（抓紧）at one anothers hands for reassurance（重获信心）.They say they want to dress as they please, but all of them wear the same clothes. They set off in new directions in music, but all of them end up huddled（挤作一团）round listening to the same record. Their reason for thinking or acting in this and that way is that the crowd is doing it.It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and go his or her own way. These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements（广告）what a teenager should have and be. And many of todays parents have come to award（给予）high marks for the popularity of their children. All this adds up to a great barrier for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path.But the barrier is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen to classical（古典）music instead of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records. You may have some thoughts that you dont care to share at once with your classmates. Well, go to it. Find yourself. Be yourself. Popularity will comewith the people who respect you for who you are. Thats the only kind of popularity that really counts.36. In this passage the writer wants to tell _.A) readers how to be popular with peopleB) teenagers how to learn to decide things for themselvesC) parents how to control and guide their childrenD) people how to understand and respect each other37. According to the writer, many teenagers think they are brave enough to act on their own, but in fact, most of them _.A) have a lot of difficulty understanding each otherB) lack firm trust in themselvesC) dare to deal with problems by themselvesD) are very much afraid of getting lost38. Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage?A) There is no popularity that really counts.B) What many parents are doing is in fact preventing their childr