研究生英语【修订版】1、2册作者介绍部分课文.doc

U1 Coping With the Compliment 如何应对恭维H.Allen Smith was a well-known journalist,author and humorist.He authored his first book in 1939 at the age of thirty-two,thus commencing his career as a full-time writer.The majority of his books were published during the 1940s,50s and 60s and he was for many years the best selling humorist author in the US.This essay is chosen from The Essays for Modern Youth.In this essay,the author offers some ideas as to how to deal with compliments.Traditionally in western culture,modesty was also considered a valuable personal attribute.However,in the last 20-30 years there has been a move away from this kind of reserve.With the rise of the womens movement,women especially have become more inclined to accept compliments with grace rather than deny them.The general feeling is if positive recognition is given in the form of a compliment,that is the subjective opinion of another person and thus should be appreciated as a refection of their similar good taste.U3 We Have No Right to Happiness 我们没有这样“追求幸福的权利”Clive Staples Lewis was an Irish author and scholar.He is known for his work on medieval literature,Christian apologetics,literary criticism and fiction.During his whole life,lewis wrote many books,most of which have been translated into over 30 languages and continue to sell over million copies a year.His best known work is The Chronicles of Narnia,a childrens book series.now The Chronicles of Narnia have sold over 100 million copies.a number of stage and screen adaptation of Lewiss works have also been produced,the most notable of which is the 2005 Disney film adaptation of The Lion,the Witch and the Wardrobe.This essay is chosen from Reading Life.In this essay,Lewis claims that while we have a right to seek happiness,this seeking of happiness should not go against any natural or moral law.In other words,this right to happiness should not be pursued at the expense of loyalty,humanity,and honesty.UNIT 5 Reflections on His Eightieth Birthday八十岁生日有感 Bertrand Russell (1872-1970) was a British philosopher, mathematician and man of letters. He was born the grandson of Lord John Russell, who had twice served as Prime Minister under Queen Victoria. Following the death of his mother (in 1874) and of his father (in 1876) ,Russell and his brother went to live with their grandparents. Following the death of his grandfather (in 1878) , Russell was raised by his grandmother, Lady Russell. Educated at first privately, and later at Trinity College, Cambridge , Russell obtained first class degrees both in mathematics and in the moral sciences. Over a long and varied career, Bertrand Russell made ground-breaking contributions to the foundation of mathematics and to the development of contemporary formal logic, as well as to analytic philosophy. His chief woks include The Principles of Mathematics (1903), Introduction to Mathematics Philosophy (1919), Education and Social Order (1932) and Inquiry into Meaning and Truth (1940). In 1950 he received Nobel Prize for Literature. In the following article, Russell recalls how he devoted himself to mathematics and philosophy, what kind of success he achieved and what kind of failure, too, he experienced.UNIT 8 The Art of Pleasing -A Letter to His Son 取悦他人的艺术 Lord Chesterfield (Philip Dormer Stanhope, Fourth Earl of Chesterfield, 1694-1773) was an English statesman, diplomat, wit, and orator. He is chiefly remembered for his letter to his illegitimate son, Philip Stanhope, which give a vivid and often amusing insight into the morality of the age. He is also remembered in connection with Johnsons Dictionary. In the following letter, Lord Chesterfield writes a lecture to his son about how to ingratiate oneself into the affections of others. It is a series of dos and donts which, the Lord claims, have been acquires through personal experience over the 53 years of his own life. Unit 9: you are what you say你就是你所说的样子 Robin Lakoff is an American author and professor of linguistics. She was born in Brooklyn，New York and attended Radcliffe College，Indiana University，and Harvard University for her B.A., M.A., and Ph. D. respectively. Since 1972,she has taught in the Linguistics Department at the University of California, Berkeley. She has written Language and Womens Place and coauthored Face Value: The Politics of Beauty（1984）. In her most recent book, The language war（2000）,Lakoff analyzes the 1990s backlash primarily by white men ,to the previous decades “politically correct” speech movement. You are what you say originally appeared in Ms. magazine in 1974 and was later included in her most famous work, a collection of essays entitled Language and Womens Place . Based on Lakoffs anecdotal observations, it purports to illustrate the gender-based sociolinguistic behavior such as female submissiveness, based on use of tag questions to “avoid commitment or conflict with hearer by seeking confirmation,” a move that also signals lack of self-confidence. It sparked decades of interest in and empirical research on the sociolinguistics of gender, some of which showed the relation between linguistic form and communicative function to be more complicated than one-to-one.Unit 10: whatever happened to privacy?隐私发生了什么？ William Zinsser is a writer and professor who began his career as a journalist. In 1959,after thirteen years with New York Herald Tribune, he left journalism to become a freelance writer, and for some years he was a regular contributor to major national magazines. Among his major books are Seen Any Good Movies Lately? (1958),The City Dwellers(1962),and The Lunacy Boom(1970).Whatever Happened to Privacy is chosen from The Haircurl Paper, a book of essays published in 1964. In this essay, William Zinsser examines the growing menace of personal space-invasion which affects American daily lives.Unit 1 An Image or a Mirage形象还是表象？Robert L.shook(1938-) is an american author and businessman.After he graduated from Ohio State University,he embarked on a business career and became a successful salesman.Later he began to write.His works are all about how to create and project an image which inspires trust and faith,and how to acquire the traits of charisma,charm,grace and style which are necessary to be a winner.Among his best books are How To Be The Complete Professional Salesman,Total Commitment and Winning Images.In Winning Images he presents the components of a winning image,and in clear,step-by-step instructions shows the readers how to select ,and then systematically create,a right image for them as well as for their business.This selection is chosen from Chapter 17 of Winning Images,in which he encourages the readers to look further into a person than what one sees at face-value.Fundamentally he wants the readers to look deeper as the qualities a person shows may not truly represent his or her actual personality.Unit 2 Is Love an Art爱是一门艺术吗？Erich Fromm(1900-1980)was born in Frankfurt,Germany.After receiving his Ph.D.from the university of Heidelberg in 1922,he began his career as a psychoanalyst,philosopher and writer.During his long and productive career,he taught and engaged in research in several institutes and universities in the United States and Mexico,as well as publishing many books and articles,including The Sane Society(1955)and The Art of Loving(1956).The following selection is chosen from The Art of Loving,which is considered his most famous work.In this selection Fromm states that people maintain wrong attitudes towards love and argues that love is an art,just as living is an art;in his view,if we want to learn how to love we must proceed in the same way we would if we wanted to learn any other art.Unit 3 The Ant and the Grasshopper 乔治兄弟William Somerset Maugham was a famous English novelist,short-story writer,playwright and critic.He was born in paris and educated at Kings School,Canterbury,and at Heidelberg.After qualifying as a medical student he became a successful playwright and novelist.His plays are no longer popular,and his fame mainly rests on his many short stories and four of his novels:Of Human Bondage(1915);The Moon and Sixpence(1919),Cakes and Ale(1930)and The Razors Edge(1944).In this short story,which is chosen from Maughams Collected Short Stories,Maugham,by describing two brothersattitudes toward life,examines the nature and inconsistent qualities of human beings.Unit 5 Solve That Problem-With Humor 用幽默化解难题William D.Ellis is an American novelist.Seemingly part archaeologist,part anthropologist,part genealogist,and part psychologist,Ellis mined the centuries to unearth the raw material he would mold into his fiction and nonfiction books.With no instrument more elaborate than a typewriter,he managed to create popular regional histories and award-winning volumes of historical fiction that brought Ohios past to life in a manner that was not just informative and entertaining ,but as vivid as an epic film.Ellis received a Pulitzer Prize nomination for his best-selling trilogy of novels: Bounty Lands (1958),Jonathan Blair: Bounty Lands Lawyer(1966),and The Brooks Legend. They reflected the reality