自考综合英语2-14.doc

Lesson Fourteen The ListenerJohn Berry一位几乎与世隔绝的八旬灯塔看管人，与一位三流小提琴手不期而遇。小提琴手为了躲避即将来临的暴风雨，来到老人的灯塔里，受到热诚的欢迎与款待。灯塔之外狂风怒号，掀起阵阵巨浪；灯塔内，老人从容不迫地履行自己的职责，泰然自若地与客人交谈。小提琴手端详着老人，情不自禁地拿出他心爱的乐器，在汹涌澎湃的暴风雨伴奏之下，为老人演奏了贝多芬的名曲。从未见过小提琴，不知音乐为何物的老人频频点头，完全理解乐曲反映出的思想感情，小提琴手找到了知音。 1 Once there was a little concert violinist named Rudolf, who lived in Sweden. Some of his friends thought he was not the best of musicians because he was restless; others thought he was restless because he was not the best of musicians. At any rate, he hit upon a way of making a living, with no competitors. Whether by choice or necessity, he used to sail about Scandinavia in his small boat, all alone, giving concerts in little seaport towns. If he found an accompanist, well and good; if not, he played works for unaccompanied violin; and it happened once or twice that he wanted a piano so badly that he imagined one, and then he played whole sonatas for violin and piano, with no piano in sight. 2 One year Rudolf sailed all the way out to Iceland and began working his way around that rocky coast from one town to another. It was a hard, stubborn land; but people in those difficult places do not forget the law of hospitality to the stranger for their God may decree that they too shall become strangers on the face of the earth. The audiences were small, and even if Rudolf had been really first-rate, they would not have been very demonstrative. From ancient times their energy had gone, first of all, into earnest toil. Sometimes the local schoolteacher, who reminded them of their duty to the names of Beethoven and Bach and Mozart and one or two others whose music perhaps was not much heard in those parts, collected them. Too often people sat stolidly watching the noisy little fiddler, and went home feeling gravely edified. But they paid. 3 As Rudolf was sailing from one town to the next along a sparsely settled shore, the northeast turned black and menacing. A storm was bearing down upon Iceland. Rudolf was rounding a bleak, dangerouscape, and his map told him that the nearest harbor was half a days journey away. He was starting to worry when he saw, less than a mile off shore, a lighthouse on a tiny rock island. At the base of the lighthouse was a deep, narrow cove, protected by cliffs. With some difficulty, in the rising seas, he put in there and moored to an iron ring that hung from the cliff. A flight of stairs, cut in the rock, led up to the lighthouse. On top of the cliff, outlined against the scudding clouds, stood a man. 4 “You are welcome!” the voice boomed over the sound of the waves that were already beginning to break over the island.5 Darkness fell quickly. The lighthouse keeper led his guest up the spiral stairs to the living room on the third floor, then busied himself in preparation for the storm. Above all, he had to attend to the great lamp in the tower, that dominated the whole region. It was a continuous light, intensified by reflectors, and eclipsed by shutters at regular intervals. The duration of light was equal to that of darkness. 6 The lighthouse keeper was a huge old man with a grizzled beard that came down over his chest. Slow, deliberate, bearlike, he moved without wasted motion about the limited world of which he was the master. He spoke little, as if words had not much importance compared to the other forces that comprised his life. Yet he was equable, as those elements were not. 7 After the supper of black bread and boiled potatoes, fish, cheese and hot tea, which they took in the kitchen above the living room, the two men sat and contemplated each others presence. Above them was the maintenance room, and above that the great lamp spoke majestic, silent messages of light to the ships at sea. The storm hammered like a battering ram on the walls of the lighthouse. Rudolf offered tobacco, feeling suddenly immature as he did so. The old man smiled a little as he declined it by a slight movement of the head; it was as if he knew well the uses of tobacco and the need for offering it, and affirmed it all, yet here he, too, was halfway apologetic was self-contained and without need of anything that was not already within his power. And he sat there, gentle and reflective, his great workman hands resting on outspread thighs. 8 It seemed to Rudolf that the lighthouse keeper was entirely aware of all the sounds of the storm and of its violent impact upon the lighthouse. But he knew them so well that he did not have to think about them: they were like the involuntary movements of his own heart and blood. In the same way, beneath the simple courtesy that made him speak and listen to his guest in specific ways, he was already calmly and mysteriously a part of him, as surely as the mainland was connected with the little island, and all the islands with one another, so extensively, under the ocean. 9 Gradually Rudolf drew forth the sparse data of the old mans life: He had been born in this very lighthouse eighty-three years before, when his father was the lighthouse keeper. His mother the only woman he had ever known had taught him to read the Bible, and he read it daily. He had no other books. 10 As a musician, Rudolf had not had time to read much either but then, he had lived in cities. He reached down and took his beloved violin out of its case. 11 “What do you make with that, sir?” the old man asked.12 For a second Rudolf thought his host might be joking; but the serenity of the others expression reassured him. There was not even curiosity about the instrument, but rather a whole interest in him, the person, that included his “work.” In most circumstances Rudolf would have found it hard to believe that there could exist someone who did not know what a violin was; yet now he had no inclination to laugh. He felt small and inadequate. 13 “I make . music with it,” he stammered in a low voice.14 “Music,” the old man said ponderously. “I have heard of it. But I have never seen music.”15 “One does not see music. One hears it.”16 “Ah, yes,” the lighthouse keeper consented, as it were, with humility. His wide gray eyes rested upon the little fiddler and conferred upon him all the importance of which any individual is capable. 17 Then something in the storm and the lighthouse and the old man exalted Rudolf, filled him with compassion and love and a spaciousness infinitely beyond himself. He wanted to strike a work of fire and stars into being for the old man. And, with the storm as his accompanist, he stood and began to play the Kreutzer Sonata of Beethoven. 18 The moments passed, moments that were days in the creation of that world of fire and stars; moments of the struggle of all men; and finally moments that showed the greatness of all human spirits. Never before had Rudolf played with such mastery or with such an accompanist. Waves and wind beat the tower with giant hands. Steadily above them the beacon threw its lifesaving beams across the dark and angry seas. The last note ceased and Rudolf dropped his head on his chest, breathing hard. The ocean threw its water over the island with a roar as of many voices. 19 The old man had sat unmoving through the work, his broad, gnarled hands resting on his thighs, his head bowed, listening massively. For some time he continued to sit in silence. Then he looked up, lifted those hands calmly, judiciously, and nodded his head. 20 “Yes,” he said. “That is true.” 14 倾听者从前有个适合在音乐会上演奏的小提琴手，他名叫鲁道夫，个头矮小，家住瑞典。他的一些朋友认为，他之所为成不了一流乐手是因为他不安分，另一些朋友则觉得，正因为他不是一流乐手他才不安分。无论是哪种情况，反正他想出了一个没有竞争对手的谋生之路。或许是他乐于这样做，或许是别无选择，他常常独自荡起小舟，到斯堪的纳维亚地区的海边小镇进行演出。如果他找到一们伴奏者，那也不错；如果没有，他就演奏无伴奏的小提琴曲；有一两次他特别想有钢琴伴奏，于是只好假想有，结果居然在眼前没有钢琴伴奏的情况下，演奏了整部小提琴和钢琴协奏曲。有一年，鲁道夫驾船一直抵达遥远的冰岛，开始艰难地环绕那岩石密布的海岸，从一个城镇到另一个城镇巡回演出。这是一片坚硬、难以开发的土地；海岸，从一个城镇到另一个城镇巡回演出。这是一片坚硬、难以开发的土地；不过，那些艰苦地方的人们对初来乍到的人并没有忘记自己的待客之道因为说不定哪天，命运也会把他们带到陌生的地方。那儿的听众不从即使鲁道夫真是一流演奏家，他们也不会有多少热烈的表现。自古以来，他们首先必须辛勤劳动。当地的那位教书先生有时让他们聚在一起，给他们演奏一些曲子，让他们知道，世界上有伟大的音乐家贝多芬、巴赫、莫扎特，以及其作品本地老百姓不太熟悉的其他一两位音乐家。演奏时，听众常常是呆若木鸡地瞅着那唧唧喳喳的乐手；散场回家时，他们觉得受到深刻教育。不过钱他们总是照付。一天，道夫正驾船沿一人口稀少的海岸，从一个小镇驶向另一小镇时，东北方暗了下来，显得阴森恐怖。一场暴风雨就要袭击冰岛了。此时鲁道夫正在一处荒凉、险要的海角行使，据地图所示，他离最近的港口也有半天的航程。他正在担心时，突然从离海岸不到一英里的地方，他看到一小石岛上有一灯塔。灯塔底部的旁边是一个水深而狭窄的小海湾，四周峭壁环抱。风急浪高，他好不容易靠了岸，把船系泊于悬挂在峭壁上的铁环上。在岩石上开凿出来的台阶一直通到灯塔。在翻滚的乌云的衬托下，悬崖顶上站着一个人。“欢迎光临！”那人说，那低沉的声音在天空回响，盖过拍击小岛的波浪的袭鸣声。夜幕很快降临了。灯塔看守人带着客人上了螺旋型楼梯，到了三层的起居室，然后就忙着准备应会暴风雨的来临。压倒一切的任务是，他要负责照管好灯塔顶上的那盏统率着全区的巨灯。那是一盏持续发光的灯，反射器使其更亮，百叶窗定时开合，使其时亮时暗，亮与暗的时间相等。灯塔看守人是个个子高大的老人，花白的胡子一直耷拉到胸前。他像一只熊，行动缓慢，沉着稳重，在自己主宰的那个小天地里，活动自如，没有一个动作是多余的。他话不多，好像话语没有构成他生活的大自然的力量重要，不过他很平稳，而那些力量却并非如此。他们晚饭是在起居室上面的厨房吃的，吃的是黑面包、煮土豆、鱼、干酪，还喝了热茶。吃罢饭后，二人相对而坐，琢磨着为何在此不期而遇。他们的上面是维修室，再往上是那盏巨灯，它用其光芒向海上的船只庄重而默默地发出信号。暴风雨像古代的攻城撞墙锤一样撞击着灯塔的墙壁。鲁道夫拿出烟叶给老人递过去，几乎与此同时，他又突然感到自己稚气未消。老人笑了笑，轻轻摇了摇头以示谢绝，好像他知道烟草的用处，也知道为什么要向他敬烟，这些他都明白，不过他颇带歉意地表示，他需要的东西应有尽有，他不需要享有他无力享有的东西。于是，他坐在那里，和蔼，深沉，一双劳动者的大手搭在伸开的大腿上。鲁道夫感到，灯塔看守人完全意识到了暴风雨的一切轰鸣声，以及风浪对灯塔猛烈的冲击，可是这些他都太熟悉了，没有必要去考虑，就像他对自己的心脏跳动和血液流动从不刻意留心一样。表面上看，出于起码的礼貌，他以特有的方式和客人谈话，倾听客人的见闻，但是，同样是在不知不觉之中，在内心的深处，他已经悄悄地、神奇地和客人结合在一起了，就像这个小岛和大陆在海底连接在一起一样，就像所有的岛屿在广阔海底连接在一起一样。鲁道夫渐渐从老人那里了解到了他简单的经历：83年以前，他就出生在这座灯塔内，那时他父亲是看守人。他母亲是他见过的唯一女性，她教他读圣经，他每天都读。他别无他书。作为乐手，鲁道夫也没有时间读较多的东西，但他那时住在城市。他躬身从盒子里拿出了小提琴。“先生，这东西是做什么用的？”那老人问道。鲁道夫一时还认为主人是在开玩笑，不过他那认真的表情使鲁道夫确信他不是在开玩笑。他表现出来的，甚至不是对那乐器的好奇心，而是对他这个人的兴趣，包括对他那“活计”的兴趣。在其他情况下，鲁道夫决不会相信，居然还有人不知道小提琴为何物，可是，此刻他可不想笑，他感到自己藐小，感到自己不足。“我用它制作音乐。”他低声、结巴地说。老人若有所想地说：“音乐，我听说过，可是从来没有见过。”“音乐是听的，不是看的。”“是啊，”灯塔看守人表示赞同，好像十分谦逊。他睁大了那双灰色的眼睛，目光落在那个小个子乐手身上，对他刮目相看。暴风雨、灯塔和老人三者融合起来，使他心里充满慈悲和真爱，使他的心胸顿时宽阔无比，使他超越了自我；他想为老人演奏一部感情奔放的作品。他站起身来，以暴风雨为伴奏，开始演奏贝多芬的克莱泽奏鸣曲。音乐表现的时刻结束了，创作那个激情世界的日日夜夜完全体现在演奏的时刻之中，那也是表现全人类斗争的时刻，以及最终表现人类伟大精神的时刻。鲁道夫从来没有演奏得如此出色，从来没有过如此的伴奏。风浪伸出巨手拍打着塔楼。在他俩的上面，灯塔向黑暗、汹涌的大海放射出能挽救生命的光束。琴声嘎然而止，鲁道夫的头向着胸膛耷拉下来，急促地喘着气。大海仍然在咆哮，锋如万民怒吼，巨浪不断拍击、吞噬着小岛。乐曲演奏的过程中，老人一直坐着不动，他那饱经风霜的双手放在腿上，低着头，全神贯注地听着乐曲。他静静地又坐了一会儿。然后，他抬起头来，安详地、有见地地举起了双手，点了点头。“是的，”他说：“是这么回事。”往年考过的真题I. Paraphrase1. At any rate, he hit upon a way of making a living, with no competitors. 0810:40 (2-14:492) A. No matter how hard he worked，he failed to make a livingB. No matter what other people said，he succeeded in making a livingC. Whatever the case might be，he happened to find a way of supporting himself. . . D. Whatever the result might be，he insisted on his own way of supporting himself2. It was a hard, stubborn land; but people in those difficult places do not forget the law of hospitality to the strangerfor their God may decree that they too shall become strangers on the face of the earth. 1204:40 (2-14:493)A. Though their conditions were difficult to change, people of those places tried to show their kindness to strangers. B. Though the people in those places were as stubborn as their land, they were hospitable to strangers. C. The land was difficult to farm, but people there never failed to be kind and friendly to strangers. D. It was very unusual for people in those poor places to treat strangers so warmly. 3The audiences were small, and even if Rudolf had been really first-rate, they would not have been very demonstrative. 0510:50 (2-14:493)AThey would not have demonstrated much interest.BThey would not have done anything for him.CThey would not have responded warmly.DThey would not have told him anything.4. The audiences were small, and even if Rudolf had been really first-rate, they would not have been very demonstrative. 0310:49 (2-14:493)A. They would not have demonstrated how much his performance bored them.B. They would not have readily shown much enthusiasm for his performance.C. They would not have greatly appreciated his performance.D. They would not have complained about his performance.5A storm was bearing down upon Iceland. 0610:50 (2-14:493)AA storm would soon destroy Iceland.BA storm was about to strike Iceland.CIceland was frequently attacked by storms.DIceland would have to face the damages of a storm.6. For a second Rudolf thought his host the lighthouse keeper might be joking; but the serenity of the others expression reassured him. 1010:40 (2-14:495)A. . but Rudolf found from the old mans expression that he was not serious.B. . but Rudolfs expression showed the old man that he was only joking.C. . but the old mans calm expression convinced Rudolf that he was not joking.D. . but Rudolf looked peaceful, so the old man was sure that he meant what he said.7He wanted to strike a work of fire and stars into being for the old man. (2-14:495)AHe wanted to make a fire a sparkling fire for the old man. BHe wanted to play a piece of passionate music for the old man. CHe wanted to draw a picture of flame under the starry night for the old man. DHe wanted to tend the fire for the old man who, then, can have more spare time to enjoy the night sky. II. WritingIII. Translation课后练习答案3. Paraphrase1) Whatever the case might be, he happened to find a way of supporting himself, without any competitors.2) but, although these people live in hard conditions, they keep it in mind that they should be hospital to the stranger3) even if Rudolf had played excellently, they would not have readily shown much enthusiasm for his performance.4) he was quiet, but other elements of nature are not quiet at all. 5) he was self-sufficient, and he did not need anything that were out of his reach.6) He wanted to play a piece of passionate music for the old man.词汇练习1. （p519）1) non-racist; 2) realize3) overcharged 4) harmful5) emptiness 2. Translate the following into English.1)谋求生机earn a living举行音乐会hold a concert演奏音乐play music打量对方contemplate each others presence 看管灯塔attend to the lighthouse 拍打海岸break over the shore 一节楼梯a flight of stairs 一个好运a stroke of luck 灰白的胡须grizzled beard 人烟稀少的地方a sparsely settled place 人口稠密的城市densely populated cities 让烟offer tobacco/a cigarette 2) Use the “useful expression”.(1) 最黑暗的时刻往往是在黎明前到来。It so happens that the darkest moment comes just before daybreak. (2) 这些年轻人是自愿来到山区工作的。These young people came to work in the mountainous area by choice. (3) 又饥又渴的战士们艰难地向一条小河走去。The hungry and thirsty soldiers made their way to a river.(4) 他刚刚挣扎着站了起来，忽然看到一辆小轿车向他冲来。He was struggling to his feet when he saw a car bearing down upon him. (5) 我觉得父母不应该为成年子女的事情瞎忙活。It seems to me that parents shouldnt blindly busy themselves with the affairs of their grown-up children.(6) 那五个人昨晚吃一顿饭花的钱相当于一个普通工人一年挣的。The money the five people paid for the meal they had yesterday evening equals an ordinary workers yearly income. (7) 发展中国家的信息技术还不能与发达国家相比。The informational technology of the developing countries can not compare with that of the developed countries. (8) 我去打个电话，你帮我照看一下我的小店好吗？I have to go to make a telephone call. Would you please help me attend to my store? (9) 挫折能使人展现出最好的品质来。Setbacks can draw forth ones best qualities. (10) 目前我既没有时间，也不考虑出国学习的事。Now I have neither time nor the inclination to consider going abroad for study.3) Use remind, beat and lead.(1) 是什么促使一位银行家决定当一段时间的清洁工的？What led a banker to decide to be a dustman for some time?(2) 别忘了提醒我在出门时带雨伞。Dont forget to remind me of bringing an umbrella with me when I go out.(3) 打乒乓球我总是输给他，他打得很好。I am always beaten by him when playing table-tennis, for he plays very well.(4) 巡官汉斯将主持这起滑雪事故的调查。Police inspector Hans is to lead the investigation of the accident in the skiing.(5) 这倒让我想起我答应过要帮他修理他的微机。This reminds me of my promis