词汇详解Unit Two Section A Charlie Chaplin.doc

Unit Two Section A Charlie ChaplinWords1.coarse: a. rude and offensive 粗鲁的；粗俗的e.g.1)I couldnt understand his coarse speech. 我听不懂他粗俗的讲话。e.g.2)She was very polite and never laughed if an outsider said something coarse. 她很有礼貌，听到外人说粗话时，从来不笑。2.postpone: vt. delay something to a later date or time 推迟，延迟e.g.1) The game has been postponed until next week. 比赛被推迟到下一周。e.g.2)She wants to postpone making a decision. 她想推迟做出决定。3.extraordinary: a. very unusual or surprising 不寻常的；令人惊奇的e.g.1)The president took the extraordinary step of apologizing publicly for his behavior! 总统走出了出人意料的一步，公开对其行为表示歉意！e.g.2)Our current task requires extraordinary courage, determination, patience and endurance. 当前的任务要求我们有非凡的勇气、决心、耐心和毅力。4. collision: n. C,U a strong disagreement or conflict 冲突e.g.1)The argument arose from a collision of two different traditions. 这争论源于两种不同传统之间的冲突。e.g.2)The play represents the collision of three generations. 这出戏表现了三代人之间的矛盾冲突。5.relief: n. U a feeling of comfort when something frightening, painful, etc. has ended or has not happened 欣慰e.g.1)We all breathed a sigh of relief when he left. 他离开的时候，我们都松了一口气。e.g.2)Much to my relief, the car was not damaged. 让我欣慰的是，汽车没有受损。U (from,of) the reduction of pain, anxiety, etc. （痛苦、焦虑等的）减轻e.g.1)Freezing sprays give immediate relief from pain. 冷冻喷雾可以迅速缓解疼痛。e.g.2)Massage can bring some relief from tension. 按摩可以缓解压力。6.clumsy: a. awkward in movement or manner 笨拙的；不灵活的e.g.1)I was fat and clumsy 我那时长得胖，行动笨拙 。e.g.2)She made a clumsy attempt to apologize. 她笨嘴笨舌地试图道歉。7.incident: n. C something that happends, especially a single event事件e.g.1)His bad behavior was just an isolated incident. 他的不良行为只是一次孤立的事件。e.g.2)She was brought here several days ago following a mysterious incident at her home. 她是几天前家里发生了神秘事件以后被带到这里来的。Phrases1.cut down: reduce the size of something such as clothing, writing, etc.改小；缩短e.g.1)I could cut your fathers trousers down for the boy. 我可以把你父亲的裤子改短给这男孩穿。e.g.2)Your article will have to be cut down to fit into the book. 你的文章得删一些， 以便能收到这本书里。2. for good: for ever永久地e.g.1)I hardly realized she was leaving me for ever. 我没有意识到她将永远离开我了。e.g.2)A few shots of this drug cleared up the disease for ever. 这药只注射了几针，病就彻底治愈了。3.come down in the world: become poorer or less successful than used to be 潦倒；失势e.g.1)He has really come down in the world. 他真的过着穷困落魄的生活。e.g.2) Fancy her taking a job like thatshes certainly come down in the world. 真想不到她会做那样的工作，她肯定是穷困潦倒了。4. to a/some degree: partly 有些；在某种程度上e.g.1)The use made of this resource by teachers is to a degree unpredictable. 某种程度上，教师会如何利用该资源难以预料。e.g.2)These statements are, to some degree, all correct. 这些说法一定程度上都是正确的。5. go along: advance; move further with something 继续，进行e.g.1)Youll get more used to the job as you go along. 你继续干下去就会习惯这个工作的。e.g.2)Work like this becomes less interesting as you go along. 像这样的工作你做着做着就变得乏味了。6find in someone: discover that someone has certain qualities 发现某人有某种素质e.g.1)We have found in him a man of music talent. 我们发现他是一个有音乐天赋的人。e.g.2)We found in her a women of wit and intelligence. 我们发现她是一位风趣而智慧的女士。Section B The Political Career of a Female PoliticianWords：1. revolutionary C n. sb. who supports and takes part in a revolution 革命者 a. relating to a political or social revolution革命的 a. completely new and different革命性的；创新的eg1. I was very involved in revolutionary activity then. 我当时积极参加了革命活动。eg2. Revolutionary ideas are needed if education in this country is to be improved.这个国家的教育要改进的话，需要有全新的教育理念。2. mayor C n.the elected leader of a town or city 市长eg1. For his dedication the Mayor awarded him a medal of merit.市长授予他一枚功勋奖章，表彰他的奉献精神。eg2. The mayor was criticized for his indecisiveness. 市长的优柔寡断受到了批评。3. colleague C n. one of a group of people who work together 同事eg1. A colleague urged him to see a doctor, but he refused.他的一个同事劝他去看医生，可是他拒绝了。 eg2. Most of the other artists whose work is on display were his pupils or colleagues.展出作品的其他艺术家大部分是他的学生或同事。 4. launch v. start sth. such as a plan, new career, project, etc. 发起；开始进行 send a missile, spaceship, satellite, etc. into the air or into space发射eg1. The scheme was launched a year ago. 这方案是一年前开始的。eg2. They hoped to launch the first submarine within two years.他们希望在两年内首艘潜艇下水。5. ridiculous a. silly or unreasonable and deserving to be laughed at 荒谬的；可笑的；荒唐的eg1. Do I look ridiculous in this hat? 我戴这顶帽子看上去可笑吗？eg2. Dont be ridiculous! You cant pay $500 for an umbrella!别犯傻了！你不会付500美金买一把伞吧！。6. misunderstand v. not understand correctly 误解，误会eg1. So she had not misunderstood; she had not misheard. 这么说来她没有误解，她没有听错。eg2. I told him Id meet him here, but perhaps he misunderstood and went straight to the school. 我跟他说在这儿见他，可是也许他误解了，他直接去了学校。7. ambassador C n. a representative for a particular sport, business, etc. 代表 C n. a senior official who represents his or her own country in a foreign country大使eg1. Your CV is your ambassador, and must represent you well when you try to get a job. 你的简历就是你的代言人，在你求职时它必须能充分展示你自己。eg2. Shes a former ambassador to the United States. 她是前驻美国大使。8. election C, U n. the process of voting sb. for a position 选举eg1. Local government elections will take place in May. 地方政府选举将在5月举行。 eg2. In America, presidential elections are held every four years.在美国，总统选举每四年举行一次。9. activist C n. sb. who works hard to achieve social or political change, esp. as a member of an organization 积极分子；活动家eg1. The Greenpeace activists protested against the commercial killing of the whales.绿色和平组织成员抗议对鲸鱼进行商业捕杀。eg2. Hes been a trade union activist for many years. 他多年来一直是工会的积极分子。10. prayer C n. the words that sb. says when they are praying 祷文，祷词eg1. He says his prayers every night before he goes to bed. 他每晚就寝前做祷告。eg2. We hope our prayers will be answered. 我们希望我们的祈望会得到回应。11. veteran a. experienced and skilled in a particular activity 有经验的；老练的 Cn. sb. who has been in the army, esp. during a war老兵eg1. The veteran actor has said he is ready to direct a film for the first time.这位经验丰富的演员说过他已经准备好导演第一部电影。eg2. A veteran should be entitled to special treatment because of his service in war.老兵因在战时服过役应享有特殊待遇。12. basics (pl.) the most important aspects or principles of sth. 基本知识；基础原理eg1. I really must learn the basics of first aid. 我真的必须要学急救的基本知识。eg2. I still havent mastered the basics of English grammar. 我仍没掌握英语语法的基本知识。13. sack C n. a large bag 袋；包 v. dismiss; fire解雇；开除eg1. The corn was stored in large sacks. 玉米存放在大布袋中。eg2. The teacher was sacked because he could not meet the standards set by the college. 这个教师因不能达到学校的要求而被解雇了。14. loaf C n. bread shaped and baked in one piece （条形）面包eg1. Store the loaf in a tin and slice it when needed.把面包储藏在一个罐子里，需要时再切成片。eg2. He asked for a loaf of bread. 他要一块面包。15. sow v. plant seeds in the ground 播（种）eg1. Sow the seeds in pots. 把种子播种在花盆里。eg2. Well sow this field with wheat. 我们要在这块田里播种小麦。16. colonial a. relating to a country that controls and rules other countries 殖民的；殖民地的eg1. The people on the Pacific islands have successfully fought against colonial rule.太平洋岛屿上的人民成功地进行了反对殖民统治的斗争。eg2. Various parts of Africa have suffered under colonial rule.在殖民统治下非洲各个地方都遭受了痛苦。17. jealous a. wanting very much to protect or keep sth. 小心守护的；唯恐失去的 unhappy and angry because sb. else has sth. you want妒忌的eg1. She is very jealous of her independence, and doesnt want to get married.她很珍惜自己的独立，不想结婚。 eg2. Her colleagues are jealous of her success. 她的同事们妒忌她的成功。18. assembly C n. a group of people who are elected to make laws 议会；立法机构 C, U n.the meeting together of a group of people for a particular purpose集会 U n. the process of putting together the parts of sth.装配，组装eg1. the United Nations General Assembly联合国大会eg2. Theres a religious assembly every morning. 每天上午都有宗教聚会。eg3. The assembly of cars is done by machines. 汽车的装配由机器来完成。19. substantial a. large in amount or degree 大量的；可观的eg1. The first draft of his novel needed a substantial amount of rewriting.他小说的第一稿需要大幅度重写。eg2. The findings show a substantial difference between the opinions of men and women. 这些发现显示了男女之间意见有很大分歧。20. scandal C, U n.behavior or events that are considered to be immoral or shocking 丑闻eg1. They tried to cover up the scandal. 他们试图掩盖这桩丑闻。eg2. The newspaper exposed the scandal. 这家报刊披露了这一丑闻。21. fierce a. done with a lot of energy and strong feelings, and sometimes violent 激烈的eg1. There is fierce competition for those scholarships. 对这些奖学金的竞争十分激烈。eg2. Those fierce animals lived in the forests many years ago.这些猛兽许多年前生活在森林中。22. rally C n. a large public meeting 集会eg1. Five thousand people held a protest march and rally against sexual discrimination. 5,000人集会游行抗议性别歧视。eg2. Rallies are being held across the country to celebrate the victory.全国各地都在集会庆祝胜利。23. illegal a. against the law; not allowed by law 不合法的，非法的eg1. It is illegal to drive a car that is not taxed and insured.驾驶没有上税、没有上过保险的车是法律禁止的。eg2. People are asked to stop the illegal sale of cigarettes to children under 16.人们不得向16岁以下的儿童非法销售香烟。24. riot C n.a noisy, violent, and uncontrolled public gathering 暴乱；骚乱eg1. A riot broke out at the stadium when the home team lost 5-0.当主队以0比5输了时，体育馆内发生了骚乱。eg2. The football match led to an uncontrolled riot. 这场足球赛导致了一场无法控制的骚乱。25. earnest a. serious or determined 认真的；坚决的eg1. At school he was very earnest but hes more relaxed now.过去在学校时他很严肃，不过现在随和多了。eg2. They are earnest about their studies. 他们学习非常认真。26. refresh v. give new energy and strength to sb. 使振作精神；使恢复活力eg1. Having had a good sleep, he felt thoroughly refreshed.他睡了个好觉，感到精神已完全恢复。eg2. He refreshed himself with a cup of coffee. 他喝了一杯咖啡来提神。Phrases and Expressions1. run for try to get elected to a public position 竞选eg1. He said he was not going to run for president this time. 他说他这次不打算竞选总统。eg2. Last May he announced he would run for the governor. 去年5月他宣布要竞选州长。2. vote in elect sb. by voting 投票选出eg1. He was voted in as treasurer. 他被投票选为财务主管。 eg2. If he fails he would have little excuse in the eyes of those who voted him in. 如果他不成功，是无法向那些投票选他的人们解释的。3. spy on/upon watch secretly 监视eg1. Have you been spying on me? 你一直在监视我吗？eg2. He said that someone might be spying on the station. 他说可能有人在对基地进行侦察4. shut out of not allow sb. to do sth. or be involved in it 不允许做，使无法参与eg1. The other children treated him poorly, shutting him out of their games. 其他孩子待他不好，不让他参与游戏。 eg2. Civilians were shut out of the military base. 百姓不得进入军事基地。5. have/gain the upper hand have the advantage or control over 占优势，占上风；控制eg1. It was easy to see who has the upper hand. 很容易看出谁占上风。 eg2. Their team gained the upper hand from the very beginning of the match. 他们队从一开始比赛就占了上风。6. make up combine together to form sth. 构成，组成eg1. Girls make up 56% of the student population. 女生占学生人数的56%。eg2. One hundred years make up a century. 100年是一个世纪。 7. break up make people leave a place where they have been meeting or protesting, often by force 驱散，解散eg1. The meeting broke up at eleven oclock. 会议是11点钟散的。eg2. The police broke up the fighting crowd. 警察驱散了打架的人群。8. tear down remove or pull down sth. roughly 撕下，扯下eg1. They are going to tear down these old buildings. 他们打算拆掉这些旧房。eg2. He tore down the engine in