非常实用的法律词汇(中英对照).doc

非常实用的法律词汇（中英对照）w 债转股debt-to-equity swapw 港元的联系汇率制the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollarw 坏帐、呆帐、死帐bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loanw 反倾销措施 anti-dumping measures against.w 通货紧缩deflationw 通货膨胀inflationw 非配额产品quota-free productsw 非生产性投资 investment in non-productive projectsw 风险管理/评估 risk management/ assessmentw 风险基金venture capitalw 风险准备金loan loss provision/ provisions of riskw 搞活国有大中型企业 revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprisesw 规模经济 scale economy/ economies of scalew 国合企业(即国有合作社)state-owned cooperativesw 国际收支 balance of international payments/ balance of paymentw 国际收支不平衡disequilibrium of balance of paymentw 国家补贴 public subsidiesw 国家现汇结存 state foreign exchange reservesw 合理引导消费 guide rational consumptionw 季节性调价seasonal price adjustmentsw 既成事实established/accomplished factsw 技工贸结合的科技型企业 scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological development with industrial and trade developmentw 劳动密集性企业 labor-intensive enterprisesw 乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprisesw 千年问题、千年虫 millennium bugw 企业技术改造technological updating of enterprisesw 企业亏损补贴 subsidies to cover enterprise lossesw 实行国民待遇 grant the national treatment tow 平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针 pursuing practical results, adopting various ways and seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity and mutual developmentw 瓶颈制约 bottleneck restrictionsw 市场准人的行政管理措施AAMA: Administrative Aspects of Market Accessw 亚太工商咨询理事会ABAC: APEC Business Advisory Councilw 亚太商业论坛ABF: APEC Business Forumw 亚太通讯与数据系统ACDS: APEC Communications and Database Systemw 亚太中小企业技术交流与培训中心ACTETSME: APEC Center for Technology Exchange and Training for Small and Medium Enterprisesw 亚洲开发银行ADB: Asian Development Bankw 亚太经合组织经济领导人会议AELM: APEC Economic Leaders Meetingw 东盟自由贸易区AFTA: ASEAN Free Trade Areaw 亚太经合组织部长级会议AMM: APEC MinisteriaI Meetingw 澳新紧密经济关系协定ANZCERTA: Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreementw 亚太商业网络APB-Net: Asia-Pacific Business Networkw 亚太经济合作组织APEC: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperationw 亚太能源研究中心APERC: Asia Pacific Energy Research Centerw 亚太信息基础设施APII: Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructurew 亚太实验室认可合作APLAC: Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperationw 亚太法定计量论坛APLMF: Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forumw 亚太计量程序APMP: Asia Pacific Metrology Programw 东南亚国家联盟ASEAN: Association of South-East Asian Nationsw 亚欧会议ASEM: Asia-Europe Meetingw 农业技术合作ATC: Agricultural Technical Cooperationw 民事civilw 民事 civil affairs;affairs relating to civil laww 民事上的占有 civil possesionw 民事上的没收 civil forfeiturew 民事上诉 civil appeal w 民事主体 civil subjectw 民事法律关系 civil legal relationshipw 民事活动 activity relating to civil laww 民事纠纷 civil disputew 民事客体 civil objectw 民事原告 civil plaintiffw 民事被告 civil defendantw 民事指控 civil charge w 民事案件 civil casew 民事过失 civil negligencew 民事责任事故 accident involving civil liabilityw 民事补偿 civil remedyw 民事诉讼 civil actionw 民事损害 civil injuryw 民事债务 civil debtw 民事管辖 civil jurisdictionw 民事制裁 civil sanctionw 民事审判 civil trialw 民事调解 civil mediationw 民事罚款 civil penaltyw民事权利争议 dispute concerning private rightsw 民事权利剥夺 deprived of private rights w 民事权利请求civil claimw 民事权利变更 alternation of private rightw 民政 civil administraionw 民事权利与责任 civil right and liabilityw 民事权利 civil rightw 人身权利 jura personarum; rights of the personw 人格权 right of personalityw 上诉权 right of appealw 不受时效限制权 imprescriptible rightw 立遗嘱权right to make a willw 合法权利 legal rightw 共有权 communal tenurew 求偿权 recoupment; recoursew 居住权 right of habitationw 使用权 right of usew 委任权 power of pocurationw 财产权 proprietatis; property rightw 财产让与权 benefit of cessionw 起诉权right of actionw 采光权right of ancient lightsw 专用权 sole right of usew 专有权 exclusive powerw 专利申请权 clailm of patent applicationw 控告权 right of complaintw 答辩权 right of replyw 解释权 right to interpretw 经济权利 economic rightw 债的请求权 debt claimw 监护权 guardianshipw 选择权 right of choicew 转卖权 right of resalew （当事方为进行仲裁或接受国际法院的管辖权而签订的）协定compromis: a special agreement between States to submit a particular issue either to an arbitral tribunal or to the International Court of Justicew 事实上de facto: existing as a matter of fact rather than of right w 法律上de jure: as a matter of legal rightw 根据公允及善意的原则ex aeque et bono: as a result of fair dealing and good conscience w 出于善意的ex gratia: done as a matter of favour (An ex gratia payment is one not required to be made by a legal duty.) w 依职权而自然获得ex officio: by virtue of holding an officew 事后的；溯及既往的ex post facto: by a subsequent act (describing any legal act, such as a statute, which has retrospective effect)w 主动的，自愿的ex proprio motu(ex mero motu): of his own motion w 不可抗力force majueure(法语): irresistible compulsion or coercionw 强制法jus cogens(ius congens): coercive law; a rule or principle in international law that is so fundamental that it bins all states and does not allow any exceptionsw 万民法，万国法，国际法jus gentium: the law of people; international law w 法无明文不处罚nulla poena sine lege: no penalty(punishment) without a law w 法无明文不为罪nullum crimen sine lege: no crime without a law w 条约必须遵守原则pact sunt servand: a pact is not to be surrendered (agreements are to be kept)w 自身，本身；本质上per sew 不受欢迎的人（personna grata 受欢迎的人）personna non-grataw 初步的，表面上的prima facie: at first appearance; on the face of things w 情势变迁原则rebus sic standib