达人帮写作语料库表弟写作词汇.docx

达人帮雅思写作语料库(以topic为中心，结合母题解题思路，总结整理地道的表达方式）Language for IELTS WritingEducation教育的对象/阶段：children: primary education/elementary educationstudents: (generaleducation) school adolescents / juveniles / youngsters / youthsn. 青少年adolescent adj. 青春期的adolescent worries青春期的烦恼high school graduates young adultshigher education: university students/graduates thepurposes/aims of education教育的目的核心the approach/method/fashion ofeducation 教育的方式parenting / upbringing n. 家庭教育A good parentshould help children (to) know what is important inlife, what role they will play in their world, and how they are expected tobehave . schooling n. 学校教Teachers shouldhelp children (to) learn how to cooperate with othersand how to contribute to the life of their community. aptitude (for) / talent (for) n. 天资，禀赋cultivate / foster / nurture v. 培养 (nature先天 vs. nurture后天)specialist n. 专才generalist n. 通才all-rounded / well-rounded / versatileadj. 全面的awareness / sense / recognition n. 意识 the development of students personality and values 学生个性和价值观的发展mold (or mould英式拼写) ones character塑造某人的性格mold (or mould英式拼写) someone into something 把某人塑造成.a (or the) the sense of responsibility(or duty / obligation) 责任感teaching students how to judge right and wrong and how to behave well（素质教育的具体内容）instill high moral values in (or into)someone 给某人灌输高尚的道德观values and attitudes prevalent amongsomeone 在某些人中普遍存在的价值观、态度help foster in the young the morallysound values and outlook on the world and life 帮助年轻人树立正确的价值观、世界观和人生观behave v.behavior n. 行为举止physical and psychological soundness(or well-being / welfare) 身体和心理的健康promote the students physical, psychological (ormental), intellectual and emotional development 促进学生身体、心理、智力和情感的发展 a valuable member of society make contributions to social progress 对社会进步做贡献contribute to societal well-being (orwelfare) 为社会健康发展做贡献the well-being of a societyachieve life value 实现人生价值 pedagogy n. / pedagogical (orteaching) methodology教学法 teaching methodeducational adj. 教育的，有教育意义的inspiring adj. 激励的，启发心灵的，鼓舞人心的impart knowledge (to someone) /inculcate knowledge (in / into / upon someone) 传授知识obtain (or acquire) knowledge andskills 获得知识和技能students command (or grasp) ofsomething 学生对的掌握a good command of English 良好的英语语言能力A good command of English gives people an edge/advantage in the job market. give someone an edge/advantage in 给某人某方面的优势motivated adj. 积极的，有动力的give students motivation to dosomething / motivate the students to do something给学生动力做某事initiative n. 主动性Students should have the initiative todo something. Someone should be encouraged/discouraged to dosomething. reasoning ability 推理能力analyzing skills and problem-solvingability 分析和解决问题的能力research skills 研究技能creative / original adj. 有创造力的creativity / originality n. 创造力creative thinking 创新思维critical thinking 批判性思维encourage students to think critically 鼓励学生用辩证的眼光看问题think independently 独立思考communication and social skills 沟通、社交能力team spirit 团队精神Languagea lingua franca / a universal language/ a global language 国际通用语common means of communication 常见的沟通方式the proliferation of 的大量扩散 (e.g. theproliferation of English 英语的广泛使用)the widespread of 的广泛使用the dominant role (or the ascendancy /the hegemony) of 的统治地位dialect / vernacular / the indigenouslanguage n. 方言minority languages / lesser-known languages小语种，少数民族的语言extinct adj. 灭绝的，绝种的obsolete adj. 废弃的，淘汰的，过时的the extinction / demise of 的消亡，灭绝preserve and revive languages under threat 保护并恢复受到威胁的语言的使用contribute to the richness and variety of human culture 促进人类文化的丰富性和多样性cultural richness 文化底蕴Language helps communities to remain cohesive and to have astrong sense of identity. 语言有助于保持集体的凝聚力和强烈的认同感。Retaining the language of a community often means that other formsof culture are maintained. 保留一个社会的语言往往意味着其他形式的文化得以保存。 Culture & Globalization (or globalisation 英式拼写)cultural heritage 文化遗产 (注：复数形式为cultural heritages)heritage n. 遗产，传统，继承物tangible cultural heritage(s) 物质文化遗产 (e.g.historic sites 历史遗迹)tangible adj. 有形的intangible cultural heritage(s) 非物质文化遗产 (e.g. customs 风俗；traditions传统；rites 习俗, 仪式；rituals 典礼，宗教仪式；mores风俗，民德)intangible adj. 无形的time-honored (or time-honoured 英式拼写) adj. 历史悠久的protect v. 保护protection n. 保护preserve v. 保存，维护，保护preservation n. 保存，维护，保护 forefather(s) / ancestor(s) n. 祖先 descendant(s) / posterity n. 后代 (注：posterity 是不可数名词)ethnic groups (or races) 民族the harmony between ethnic groups (orraces) 民族团结ethnic minorities 少数民族cultural identity文化特性，文化认同erode v. 侵蚀 (e.g. erode national / regionalcultural identity 侵蚀某一国家的/地区的文化特性) the process of globalization (or globalisation英式拼写) 全球化进程an inevitable and irreversible trend 一个必然的、不可逆转的趋势an inexorable trend 一个势不可挡的趋势a sweeping trend 席卷一切的趋势the global village 地球村Cultural globalization refers to the transmission of ideas, meaningsand values across national borders. 文化全球化是指跨越国界的思想、内涵以及价值上的传承。This process is marked by the common consumption of culturesthat have been diffused by the Internet, popular culture, and internationaltravel. 这个进程的特征是对通过互联网、流行文化以及国际旅行而传播的文化的日常消费。Cultural globalization is not a single global culture, (and homogenization,) butthe trends of cross-cultural exchange and integration. 文化全球化不是全球文化的单一化、同质化，而是不同文化之间的交流与融合的趋势。global cultural homogenization 全球文化同一化(指地区文化特性的消失)homogenize v. 使类同，使统一(尤指不适宜地)hegemonic culture 霸权文化cultural assimilation 文化同化assimilate v. (使)同化harmony without uniformity 和而不同cultural integration andsynthesis 文化融合integration n. 一体化，整合，结合integrate v. (使)一体化，(使)整合integrated adj. 一体化的，结合的，整体的synthesize v. 合成，综合interaction n. 相互影响interact v. 相互作用，相互影响enrich v. 丰富cultural diversity (or variety) 文化多元性cultural richness 文化底蕴Peoplecommunity n. 社区，社会，团体 community service 社区服务household / home n. 家庭 household wastes 家庭垃圾single-parent home (or household) 单亲家庭 family values 家庭观念strengthen family bonds (or ties) 加强家庭、亲情的联系a (or the) sense of belonging 归属感an attachment to / an affinity for 对的依恋generation gap 代沟offspring n. 后代personality clashes 性格冲突，性格不合domestic violence 家庭暴力mistreat / abuse v. 虐待 addiction to / be addicted to 对.上瘾family quality time 有质量的家庭生活the protection of the young 未成年保护Children are always curious about new experience. 孩子总是对新事物感到好奇。lack of self-control 缺少自控 (此处 lack作名词，作动词时应为lackself-control)discipline n. 纪律be unable to distinguish right fromwrong 没有能力判断是非be vulnerable to negative influence 易受外界不良影响vulnerable groups 弱势群体impressionable adj. 易受影响的have less awareness of adverse consequences 无法充分意识到不良后果take sensible precautions 采取合理的预防措施critical time of physical and psychological development 身心发展的关键期develop something 发展、培养.parental guidance 父母的指导parenting n. 父母的教育guardianship n. 监护guide v. 引导custody n. 抚养权，监护权the intervention of parents 父母的干涉a degree of parental intervention 一定程度的父母的干预intervene in 干预exercise/have some control over 对稍加控制Parents should exercise/havesome control over their children. 父母对孩子要有一定的约束力。Young people sometimes havea tendency to prioritize (or prioritise 英式拼写) short-term needs andwants over long-term goals. 年轻人有时倾向于优先考虑短期的需求以及想做的事情，而不是为长远的目标做打算。have a tendency to do something 趋向于做某事prioritize . over . 优先.而不是.time / risk / money management 时间/风险/金钱的管理manage time / risk / money 管理时间/风险/金钱allow children a degree of autonomy 让孩子有一定程度的自治learn to make good decisions independently 学会独立做出良好的判断growing up 成长the young / youngsters / youths 年轻人adolescents / juveniles / teenagers n.青少年adolescent adj. 青春期的 (e.g.adolescent worries 青少年的忧虑)juvenile adj. 青少年的juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪juvenile delinquent(s) 少年犯 elderly people / senior citizens / theold 老年人longer life expectancy 寿命长life span 寿命twilight life 晚年see retirement as a time forrelaxation and letting go of the stress of working life 把退休看作放松、释放工作压力的时候rich experience in both life and work 丰富的人生阅历和工作经验contribute actively to ones community积极地为社区/集体做贡献engage in (or get involve in)volunteer (or voluntary) work 参与志愿者工作Old peoples working experience maycontinue to be valuable to their employers. 老年人的工作经验可能对雇主来说仍然有价值。Some elder employees remain in work asmentors for younger employees. 一些老员作为年轻人的导师继续工作。silver tsunami 银发危机aging (or graying) society 老龄化社会the proportion of the old isincreasing rapidly 老年人的比例迅速增加pension plan 退休金计划medical care and pension may pose afinancial burden for the government 医疗服务和退休金可能会给政府造成财政负担labor (or labour) shortage 劳动力短缺economy hole 经济缺口challenge n. 挑战challenging adj. 有挑战的 gender equality 性别平等 gender discrimination / sexism性别歧视an enlightened ( or a progressive) society一个开明的社会sexual harassment 性骚扰a mothers instinct / maternal instinct一个母亲的本能paternal instinct 父母本能child bearing 生育孩子child rearing 抚养孩子traditional role in 上传统的角色(e.g. traditional role in raising children, taking care of the family andcommitting to the housework)be tied down by household chores 被家务事拖累not physically strong 不是身体强壮less aggressive nature (性格上)较少攻击性的Males and females may not approachwork in identical ways. 男性和女性可能会用不同的方式处理工作。Certain posts may need to remainpredominantly male or female 某些职位可能需要主要由男性或女性来担当。greater freedom of choice in terms ofemployment 更加自由地择业Making occupations more open to both gendershas distinct advantages. 进一步开放职场对男性和女性都有着明显的好处。Men and women can bring differentperspectives and approaches to a job. 男性和女性能够用不同的观点和方法从事同一份工作。The changes may be subtle, but theycould be far-reaching. 这些变化可能是微妙的，但他们带来的改变可能是深远的。Animals & Plantsbiodiversity n. 生物多样性maintain biodiversity 保持生物多样性the biota of a region 一个地区的动植物wildlife n. 野生动植物The loss of biodiversity should neverbe a price we pay for progress. 生物多样性的丧失，不应该是我们为进步付出的代价。an increasing number of species come under threat 越来越多的物种受到威胁species n. 物种(单复数同形)endangered species 濒危物种ensure the survival of species 确保物种的生存natural resources come under threat 自然资源受到威胁(cause)ecosystem n. 生态系统delicate ecosystem 敏感、易破坏的生态系统promote greater understanding of 更进一步促进对的理解、认识botanical adj. 植物的Governments/the government should promote greater understanding of plants andanimals by investing in the research and preservationefforts of universities, zoos, and botanical institutes. 政府应该投资大学、动物园、植物研究机构的研究及保护工作(为保护付出的努力)来进一步促进人们对动植物的认识。This strategy alone would do little to protect thewhole ecosystem that is under threat. 仅凭这一种策略是无法保护整个受到威胁的生态系统。 natural habitat(s) 自然栖息地nature reserve(s) 自然保护区An alternative strategy would be to protect naturalhabitats by expanding nature reserves. 另一策略是通过扩建自然保护区来保护自然栖息地。One effective solution is to limit the damage at its source.其中一个有效的方法是在根源上减少损害。There are limitations to a strategy. 某一策略有局限性。 animal rights activists 动物权益保护主义者animalrights campaigners 倡导动物权益的人士 campaign n. 活动 & v. 参加活动conduct a campaign 开展一项活动medical research 医学研究animal testing (orexperiment) 动物实验minimize(or minimise 英式拼写) the pain of animal testing (or experiment) 将动物实验的痛苦最小化relieve (or alleviate/ ease) the pain of animals 减轻动物的痛苦cruel / merciless / barbaric / callous/ brutal / inhuman 残忍的vivisection n. 活体解剖anesthetic (or anaesthetic 英式拼写) n.麻醉(剂)mistreat of animals 虐待动物poach v. 偷猎poaching n. 偷猎fur n. 毛皮，皮草be conscious (or aware) of 意识到There are no replacements (or substitutes/ alternatives) for something. 是不可替代的。Pets could offer people consolation andcomfort. 宠物能够给人们心理安慰。Technologytechnological advances (orprogressions) 科技进步technological innovations科技创新technological inventions 科技发明advance v.&n. 发展transform v. 改变 have transformed (or fundamentallychanged / completely changed) 彻底改变了breakthrough n. 突破cutting-edge technology 尖端、前沿的技术give sb an edge/advantage in sth 给某人某方面的优势Agood command of English gives people an edge in the job market. hi-tech adj. 高科技的hi-tech features 高科技特征digital adj. 数字的，数码的electronic adj. 电子的an increasing popularity (orprevalence) of / be increasingly prevalent (or popular) 越来越流行 the information age (or era) 信息时代information explosion (or overload) 信息爆炸the proliferation of the Internet /the extensive use of the Internet / the widespread use of the Internet 互联网的广泛使用surf on the Internet / log on (oronto) the Internet 上网social networking n. 社交网络social networking websites 社交网站promote (or facilitate) communication 促进交流have (or gain) more access toinformation 获取更多的信息obtain information in various ways 以不同的方式获取信息with the click of a mouse 鼠标一点with the click on the keyboard 键盘一敲geographical barrier 地理上的阻碍hacker n. 黑客hack (into) v. 入侵、潜入 (他人的电脑)hack n. 入侵、潜入 (他人的电脑) at a staggering (or astonishing) rate 以惊人的速度productive adj. 多产的，高生产率的productivity n. 生产力，生产率enhance (or boost / augment) efficiencyor productivity 提高效率或生产率machinery n. 机器、机械 (总称)labor-saving machinery 减少人力的机器labor-replacing machinery 取代人力的机器automation n. 自动化automated adj. 自动化的telecommunications n. 远程通讯,电信学traditional way of / conventionalmethod of 传统的手段、方法online retailer 网上零售商retail n.&v. 零售retail market 零售市场cost-effective 节省成本的，划算的biotechnology n. 生物技术clone n.&v. 克隆cloning n. 克隆gene n. 基因genetic adj. 基因的，遗传的genetically modified adj. 转基因的genetically modified food modify v. 修改ones genetic makeup (or DNAprogramming) 人的基因构成space exploration 太空探索 the problem of is becomingincreasingly severe (or disturbing / grave / worrying / serious / worrisome /troublesome) 的问题越来越严重、令人担忧increasingwork pressure and less quality family time 工作压力的增加，美好的家庭时光的减少 (工作和家庭时间模糊)cybercrimes n. 网络犯罪security issues 安全问题violate( or intrude on/ infringe on) someones privacy 侵犯某人的隐私identitytheft 身份盗窃、盗用pirate v. 剽窃，侵犯专利pirated adj. 盗版的piracy n. 盗版，侵犯版权questionablecontents such as pornography and violence 不良的内容，例如色情和暴力damage ones health 对人的健康造成危害weakened eyesight 视力的减弱radiation n. 辐射less outdoor exercise 户外活动减少sedentary lifestyle 久坐的、静态的生活方式indulge in (or be lost in) virtualworld 沉溺于、迷失于虚拟世界be isolated from the real world 游离于现实世界之外weaken the relationships with familyand friends 削弱与家人、朋友的关系become solitary 性格变得孤僻 以上语料内容针对9/10月写作预测 科技类话题Environmentsustainable development 可持续发展ecosystem / ecological system 生态系统ecological balance (or equilibrium) 生态平衡environmentalist / conservationist n. 环保主义者conserve v. 保护，保存，节约conservation n. 保护，保存，节约 (e.g. wildlife / water and soil / resource / energy conservation) preserve / protect v. 保护，维护，保存preservation / protection n. 保护，维护，保存eco-friendly adj. 不妨碍生态环境的，有益于生态环境的environmentally-friendly adj. 对环境无害的，环保的 =environmentally sound consume / deplete v. 消耗 (资源)use up / exhaust v. 用尽 (资源)exploit natural resources 开采自然资源alternative resources 可替代资源alternative energy sources 可替代能源renewable resources 可再生资源windenergy 风能hydropower 水力发电solarpower 太阳能 (发电) non-renewable resources 不可再生资源metals n. 金属minerals n. 矿产 fossilenergy sources=fossil resources 化石能源fossilfuels 化石燃料petroleumn. 石油naturalgas n. 天然气 coaln. 煤lack of / shortage / scarcity/ dearth / deficiency n. 短缺lack v. 短缺energy crisis 能源危机energy-saving technologies 节能技术stretched resources 紧张的资源put a strain on the reso