英语国家概况_习题集(含答案).doc

一、单选题1. Celts were different groups of ancient people who came originally from_A. France B. Denmark C. Ireland D. Germany2. Who invaded and conquered Britain for the first time in 55 BC?A. Emperor Claudius B. Julius CaesarC. King Alfred D. King Ethelred3. Who is the author of Murder in the Cathedral?A. Christopher Marlowe B. T. S. EliotC. Ben Johnson D. Thomas Becket4. When Oliver Cromwell died in 1658, and was succeeded by his son, _, the regime began immediately to collapse.A. Henry B. Hamilton C. Richard D. Charles5. The 18th century saw selective breeding of cattle, sheep and houses by _.A. Jethro Tull B. Thomas Coke C. George III D. Robert Bakewell6. Which of the following is not one of the members of the Lords Temporal?A. all hereditary peers and peeresses of the England, Scotland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom (but not peers of Ireland)B. lire peers created to assist the House in its judicial dutiesC. senior bishops of the Church of EnglandD. all other life peers7. Two years after the ending of the Hundred Years War with France, England was thrown into another series of civil wars, _.A. the War of the CeltsB. Norman ConquestC. the War of the RosesD. Battle of Hastings 8. Appeals in criminal cases in England and Wales may NOT be heard by _.A. the Magistrates Court B. the Court of AppealC. the High Court D. the Crown Court9. Established Churches in Britain are_.A. Church of England and Churches in WalesB. Church in Wales Church of ScotlandC. The Anglican ChurchesD. Church of England and Church of Scotland10. Apart from a break during the Second World War, the BBC has been providing regular television broadcasts since _.A. 1935 B. 1936 C. 1937 D. 193811. The largest river in Ireland is _.A. the Shannon River B. Liffey RiverC. Macgillicuddys Reek D. Carrantuohill12. The following farming activities are engaged by farmers in the valleys of Nova Scotia except _.A. dairying B. raising animals C. apple growing D. potato growing13. The Pacific northwest is favored with a _ climate like that of Britain.A. Mediterranean B. maritime C. continental D. subtropical14. The first blacks were brought to North America as _ in 1619.A. adventurers B. slaves C. servants D. explorers15. The Declaration of Independence was adopted by the _ Continental Congress on July 4, _.A First / 1774 B. First / 1776 C. Second / 1774 D. Second / 177616. The Great Depression was induced by all the following causes but _.A. stock market speculation B. credit over - expansion C. government involvement D. lack of control over the banking system17. The Norman Conquest of _ is perhaps the best - known event in English history. A. 1063 B. 1064 C. 1065 D. 106618. _ ranks the first in the production of apples in the US. A. Washington B. Kansas C. Michigan D. Wisconsin19. The heads of the various executive departments form a council of advisers generally known as the Presidents _. A. Advisory Group B. Executive OfficeC. Special Commission D. Cabinet20. The masters degree can normally be earned in _ year by students holding a bachelors degree in the field of study. A. one B. two C. three D. four21. There are _ political divisions on the island of Great Britain. A. one B. two C. three D. four22. Magna Carta had altogether 63 clauses of which the most important matters could be seen in three of the following except _.A. no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council; B. no serf should be arrested, imprisoned or deprived of his property except by the law of the land C. London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privilegesD. There should be the same weights and measures through - out the country.23. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor _ modified and improved the design in 1765.A. Abraham Darby B. James WattC. John Kay D. Richard Arkwright24. In some areas factory farming methods are used, particularly for _. A. growing crop B. producing milkC. catching fish D. rearing poultry25. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed _ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom. A. Prime Minister B. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of Appeal D. Speaker of the House26. Under the Anglo - Irish Treaty, Britain established _ with dominion status in Ireland in 1921. A. the Anglican Church of Ireland B. the Irish Free StateC. the Irish Republican Army D. the Anglo - Irish Intergovernmental Council27. Irish broadcasting began in _ in a small studio called Dublin Broadcasting Station.A. 1906 B. 1916 C. 1926 D. 193628. _ realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just war against slavery. A. Frederick Douglass B. George WashingtonC. John Adams D. Abraham Lincoln29. But even after the abolition of slavery, organized or individual discrimination was practiced against _. A. Chinese - Americans B. American IndiansC. Japanese - Americans D. black Americans30. From 1948 to 1966 average yearly growth in real spendable earnings was _ percent in the United States.A. 1.1 B. 2.1 C. 3.1 D. 4.131. After a period of prosperity (1920 1929), government involvement in the economy increased _. A. during the Great Depression B. after the WW IC. after the WW II D. during the Cold War32. The United States grows nearly _ of the worlds grain and supplies a half of all the exports of grain in the world.A. one third B. one fourth C. one sixth D. one seventh33. Through the Department of _, the President is responsible for the protection of Americans abroad and of foreign nationals in the United States. A. State B. Justice C. Labor D. Defense34. The community college embodies _ belief that an education should be practical as well as liberal.A. George Washingtons B. Thomas JeffersonsC. Abraham Lincolns D. Franklin Roosevelts35. The exploratory voyage made by _ brought to a close to an era of European discovery of Australia that had lasted nearly two hundred years. A. Arthur Philip B. Mathew Flinders C. Port Jackson D. Peter Lalor36. After the outbreak of the First World War, Australia followed Britains lead and declaredwar on _. A. Japan B. Turkey C. Italy D. Germany37. The European discovery of Canada can be traced back to the end of the _ century.A. 14th B. 15th C. 16th D. 17th38. Northern provinces and territories tale up _ of Canada.A. half B. two thirds C. one third D. four fifths39. In New Zealand, hydroelectricity from rivers and dams supplies _ of total energy.A. 15% B. 16% C. 17% D. 18%40. In the United States, Halloween is night - time _ holiday.A. childrens B. mens C. womens D. old mens41. Soon after _, Britain not only gave up its economic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership. A. 1900B. the First World WarC. the Second World WarD. 196042. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest _ rate and the highest _ rate. A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth43. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except _.A. the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionC. little money being investedD. the labour shortage44. Britains foreign trade is mainly with _.A. developing countries B. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countries D. EC45. The House of Lords is presided over by _.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of Canterbury D. the Prime Minister46. A General Election is held every _ years and there are _ members of Parliaments are elected. A. five, 600 B. five, 650 C. five, 651 D. four, 65147. The Prime Minister is appointed by _ and he or she always sits in _. A.the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of Commons B.the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of Lords C. the Queen, the House of Commons D. the Queen, the House of Lords48. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _.A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons49. The sources of British law include _. A.statutes, common law, equity law and European Community law B.statutes, common law and equity law C.statutes, common law and European Community law D.a complete code and statutes50. In criminal trials by jury, _ passes sentenced and _ decide the issue of guilt or innocence. A.the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judge C. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury51. _ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Magistrates courtsB. Youth courtsC. district courtsD. The Crown Court52. Londons Metropolitan Police Force is under the control of _.A. the England secretariesB. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland SecretariesD. the Home Secretary53. The National Health Service was established in the UK in _ and based at first on _.A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of Rights D. 1958, the Bill of Rights54. The non-contributory social security benefits include the following except _.A. war pensionB. child benefitC. family creditD. unemployment benefit55. Except that _ may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinction to members of all churches or of none.A. the lord Chancellor B. the Prime MinisterC. the Speaker D. the ministers of all departments56. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend _.A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schools D. primary schools57. There are some _ universities, including the Open University in U.k.A. 900 B. 290 C. 90 D. 5058. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _ by law. A.receive completely free education B.receive parly free education C.receive no free education if their families are rich D.receive no free education at all59. With regard to its size, the USA is the _ country in the world.A. largest B. second largest C. third largestD. fourth largest60. In the following rivers, _ has been called the American Ruhr.A. the MississippiB. the MissouriC. the HudsonD. the Ohio61. Among the following rivers, _ forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the U.S.A. the PotomacB. the ColumbiaC. the Rio Grande RiverD. the Colorado62. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except _.A. Yale B. HarvardC. Oxford D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology63. The nations capital city Washington D.C. and New York are located in _.A. the American WestB. the Great PlainsC. the MidwestD. the Middle Atlantic States64. The Midwest in Americas most important _ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining industry65. In the case of Brown versus Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that _. A.separate educational facilities had been illegal B.educational facilities had been separate but equal C.educational facilities had been equal D.separate educational facilities were inherently unequal66. The Chinese Exclusion Act was passed in _. A. 1882B. 1883 C. 1900 D. 192467. The first immigrants in American history came from _ and _. A. Ireland/FranceB. England/China C. Scotland/EnglandD. England/ Netherlands68. Uncle Toms Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of the miserable life of the _.A. early settlers B. Puritans C. native IndiansD. black slaves69. According to American historians and specialists in demography, there are _ great population movement in the history of the United States.A. twoB. three C. four D. five70. Many early Chinese immigrants worked in the mining industry, especially in the _. A. gold minesB. silver mines C. coal minesD. copper mines71. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by _.A. James MadisonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Alexander HamiltonD. George Washington72. On July 4, 1776, _ adopted the Declaration of Independence. A.the First Continental Congress B.the Second Continental Congress C.the Third Continental Congress D.the Constitutional Convention73. The victory of _ was the turning point of the War of Independence.A. Saratoga B. Gettysburg C. Trenton D. Yorktown74. Ten amendments introduced by James Madison in 1789 were added to the Constitution. They are knows as _.A. the Articles of ConfederationB. the Bill of RightC. the Civil RightsD. Federalist Papers75. President Jefferson bought _ from France and doubled the countrys territory.A. New MexicoB. the Louisiana TerritoryC. Kansas D. Ohio76. The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher _.A. Paul RevereB. John LockeC. CornwallisD. Frederick Douglass77. During the WWII, the Axis powers were mainly made up by _.A. Germany, France and JapanB. France, Japan and BritainC. Germany, Italy and BritainD. German, Italy and Japan78. The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding government regulation of the _ and _ conditions.A. economy/politicalB. social/politicalC. economy/social D. political/cultural79. As a result of WWI, _ was not one of the defeated nations.A. Germany B. Austro-HungaryC. Ottoman D. Russia80. The aim of President Roosevelts New Deal was to “save American _.”A. economyB. politics C. society D. democracy81. The highest mountain in Britain is _.A. ScafellB. Ben Nevis C. the Cotswolds D. the Forth82. The longest river in Britain is _. A. the ClydeB. the Mersey C. the SevernD. the Thames83. The largest lake in Britain is _. A. the Lough NeageB. Windermere Water C. Coniston Water D. the La