TPO小站的听力秘笈.pdf

听力也和阅读 写作等其他题一样 自有一套题型规律 针对不同题型的 集中训练可有助于逐一掌握各类题型 而在训练之前 透彻地分析各类题型将对之后的模拟练习带来很多便利 那么 就让我们来看一下各种题型及他们的特征 一 主旨题 1 什么是主旨目的题 如何如何识别主旨目的题 大家可以看下示例 其实还 是很容易找到关键词的 What are the students mainly discussing What is the main topic of the talk What is the lecture mainly about What is the talk mainly about What is thr professor mainly discussing 2 文章主旨展开方式 直接展开 Today we are going to talk about I d like to begin my lecture by introducing Let s focus on Let s now take look at 问答式展开 Do you remember what they are How can you understand it Why does human being consider it important 二 细节题 1 什么是细节题 细节题也属于基本理解题 所以只要听到了原文的考点就能答对题 细节题是 听力考题中占比分最大的部分 抓住了细节题就得到了很大的分数 细节题的 重要性可想而知了 2 误区 很多学生在听细节时有个误区是觉得所有细节都可能考 所以在听的时候关注 所有的细节 以至于舍本逐末 只见树木 不见森林 其实托福听力只考一些 重要细节 在听的时候只要抓住这些细节就好了 3 细节题的问法 细节题的提问方式也是有规律可循的 例如 What happened to What reason is given for According to the professor How does the speaker describe 等等 有些细节题要考生选一幅图画或图画的某一部分 如 Select the picture diagram that shows Identify the part of the drawing that represents Which area of the picture illustrates 还有些细节题会问某个具体的名词或定义 如 According to the woman what is How does the researcher define 等等 实际上把握住这些出题规律和出题思路 听原文的时候就很好定位了 三 功能题 1 什么是功能题 如何如何识别功能题 功能题一般以重听题的形式出现 考察的是学生对于听力文章中重放的某句话 的作用的理解和判断 功能题常见的问法如下 What does the professor imply when he says this reply What is the purpose of the woman s response Why does the student say this What can be inferred from the professor s response to the student 2 托福听力中常见功能题 a 解释 Explanation 常见的信号词有 Simply put Let s put in this way Ithink I should you mean 等 b 总结 Conclusion 常见信号词有 now to sum wrap up my speech anyway 等 c 建议 Suggestion 常见信号词有 you should have done something better I suggest I propose I think if I were you why don t you 等 d 鼓励 Inspiration 常见信号词有 come on you are supposed to know this 等 e 强调 Emphasis 常见信号词有 please bear in mind that Rhetoricalquestion 反问句等 6 更正错误 Correcting mistake 常见信号词有 wait a minute I made a slip of tongue oh I m sorry oh what do I mean 等 考生可以根据这些常见功能分析可能考点 利用听力笔记记录重点 功能题笔 记的要点是注意教授讲课过程中语气 语调的变化 突然的升调 停顿 放慢 语速等都有可能出功能题 所以要有针对性的利用上面的对功能题的理解做出 正确判断 提高正确率 四 态度题 1 什么是态度题 如何识别态度题 态度题一般以重听题的形式出现 考察的是学生对于听力文章中重放的某句话 的态度的理解和判断 态度题常见的问法如下 What is the professor s attitude toward What is the professor s opinion of What can be inferred about the student when she says this What does the woman mean when she says this 2 态度题 tips 语气语调 重读 态度上的肯定或者否定 喜欢还是厌倦 是否有兴趣 满意不满意还是受挫 3 托福听力中常见态度 1 awful Woops Uh uh Oh no dear Oh shoot 2 remind I don t think you will do I was wondering if you will do something I don t imagine if you do you haven t done something have you 3 pity what a shame that s too bad I m sorry to hear that though luck 4 eulogy fabulous magnificent glamorous excellent Terrific Awesome amazing fantasitc incredible outstanding superb charming good job 5 to the professor fascinating catching instructive 6 surprise Gee Jesus My dear Boy Jesus Christ Man Oh my God Gosh Oh my What Dear me 7 tactful refuse sounds great but sounds like fun but that s tempting but I wish I could but I d love to but I d really like to but I would if I could but I mean to but I have been meaning to do something but I should have but 五 结构题 1 什么是结构题目 如何识别全文结构题 结构题一般有两种考查形式 第一种为全文结构题 要注意托福听力常见文章 结构类型 第二种为部分信息结构题 一般以表格形式出题 常见的问法如 下 How is the information in the lecture organized How does the preofessor clarify the points he makes about Mexcio 2 新托福演讲文章的典型结构 直线型结构 即以某一特定逻辑关系叙述的文章 信息之间的关系是层层递进 的 后面的信息在解释前面的信息 是最常见的听力文章结构 并列结构 开篇展开文章主旨后 主旨下面有几个并列的分论点 如特征 例 子 原因 理论 目的等 比较结构 即文章主旨涉及两个相关的同类事物 教授讲课过程中不断对其特 征进行比较说明 突出两者的不同 六 推理题 1 什么是推理题 如何识别推理题 推理题主要考察考生根据听力材料的相关细节进行简单推理的能力 在这个过 程中 考生首先需要听懂 记忆和理解材料中的重要信息 然后进行推理 常 见的问法如下 What can be inferred about What does the preofessor imply about What will the students do in the summer 2 推理题的解题技巧 a 注意出现的观点性语言 in my opinion as far as I m concerned personall