高中英语专项突破 完形填空 词的感情色彩 (2).doc

高中新课程完形填空的技能考查技能考查简介普通高中课程改革英语学科教学指导意见指出：高中英课程的总目标之一是培养学生的综合语言运用能力；语言技能和语言知识是综合语言运用能力的基础。并因此而着重提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力，特别注重提高学生用英语进行思维和表达的能力；形成跨文化交际的意识和基本的跨文化交际能力。高中英语考试说明的命题要求明确指出：“完形填空考查学生的阅读理解能力和词汇的综合运用能力，所选语言材料要有利于考生进行语篇分析，要保证本大题有较好的区分度。”因此，高考完形填空题这种题型的设置是检验课程实施效果的方法之一。该题形要求高中生必须具备快速阅读理解一篇抽去相当数量词汇文章的内容领悟能力和分析推断能力，综合运用所学语法知识、词汇辨析能力，常识和逻辑推理能力，和具有一定的跨文化交际意识和能力。具体考查技能如下：三、词汇辨析能力：词汇辨析能力的考查主要集中在名词，动词，形容词和副词上，选项往往以同义词，近义词，反义词或拼写相近容易混淆词的形式出现。其中，由于篇章中会带有作者主观的意识，因此在形容词或者副词的考查上会出现感情色彩的辨析。（一）同、近义或者反义辨析词的感情色彩（六）词的感情色彩词的感情色彩：完形填空的文章往往具有一定的感情基调。而词汇的褒贬义和中性含义，能够考查考生对于整篇文章感情色彩的体验。e.g. leaping on a narrow balance beam（平衡木）is not easy. but lola walter, a 13-year-old gymnast, is an expert at it. lola is 54 of all her hard work and success. 54. aproud b. tired c. ashamed d .confident【解析】考查的感篇章的情基调。 这个例子中的前两句为文章的开头，not easy和an expert at it确定本文的基调为积极向上的， 另根据本句中的 all her hard work and success 说明该空格需填褒义词，因此排除了贬义词选项b和c，根据句意选择a。一、小试牛刀：1、saltwater hit against her face, making it 50 to breathe.50.a. difficultb. easyc. comfortabled. suitable2、i was 14 to hospital and had to stay there for weeks while the doctors 15 to save my life. “hollys very 16 to be alive,” they told mum and dad.14rushedledinvitedforced15learnedfoughtreturneddecided16happyluckylonelypoor3、though learning gymnastics has been more 42 for her than for some of her tournaments, she has never quit.42. a. boringb. enjoyablec. differentd. unsatisfactory4、26 , the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our country.26. a. thankfullyb. hopefully c. unfortunatelyd. strangely5、but he couldnt find his mistress（女主人） anywhere. however, from the ground came a _35_ scent (气味) as he lowered his head.35. a. terrible b. strangec. pleasant d. familiar【答案解析】1、【解析】a。考查词语的感情色彩和语境。首先，a项的感情色彩贬义，明显不同于其他三项；其次，根据语境可知，浪很大，冲击着她的脸，因此造成呼吸困难（difficult）。2、【解析】b。考查词语的感情色彩和语境。根据上一句医生在全力抢救生命可知，作者能够活下来应该是很幸运的感情积极，happy和lucky为褒义词，lonely和poor为贬义词，根据语境，b选项正确。3、【解析】a。考查词语的感情色彩和语境。never quit从不放弃，though表示转折，可以推断出该空格需为消极方面的词汇，根据句意，可知a 为正确选项。4、【解析】c。考查词语的感情色彩和语境。本句的意思是：这次干旱的灾难性影响在全国都能感受得到。这是坏事，该空格应为消极方面的词汇，所以应该用unfortunately. 其他三个选项的意思分别是：谢天谢地；满怀希望地；很奇怪，均与句子的感情色彩不符。5、【解析】d。考查词语的感情色彩和语境。前面的句意为：找不到女主人，however表转折，因而后面要表达为积极含义的句子，该句意是：然而，当它低头闻时，地面上散发出一种熟悉的气味。故选d。二、基础巩固：1、another interesting experiment showed a birds 6 number sense.6a. amazingb. annoyingc. satisfying d. disturbing2、diane slipped into the water and dived 48 until white caps began rolling in and it became harder to 49 against the current (水流)48.a. nervouslyb. sadlyc. shylyd. happily3、now, i am 30 of what i look like and much happier, because i have realized it is your personality (个性) that decides who you truly are.30 a. sick b. aware c. tired d. proud4、learning a new language is never _53_. but with some work and devotion, youll make progress.53. a. tiresome b. hard c. interesting d. easy5、today i become known as mrs. greenthumbs, teaching gardening and hosting a gardening show which makes my parents feel very_54_.54.a.proudb. comfortable c. strange d. disappointed【答案解析】1、【解析】a。考查词语的感情色彩和语境。根据本句“interesting”提示可知，这里要表达的是积极的意义。a和c为积极词汇，b和d为消极词汇，根据句意：另一个有意思的实验也显示了鸟类的这种令人惊奇的数字感。故答案为a。2、【解析】d。考查词语的感情色彩和语境。首先，d项的感情色彩明显不同于其他三项；其次，根据句意：她达成所愿，因此会潜得很开心（happily）。3、【解析】d。考查词语的感情色彩和语境。d be proud of 为感到骄傲、自豪，b be aware of （意识到），选项a be sick of（讨厌）和选项c be tired of （厌倦）。 根据happier 和 truly 都是表示积极意义的词汇，故d为正确选项。4、【解析】d。考查词语的感情色彩和语境。根据下文“but with some work and devotion, youll make progress”可知前面要表达意思的具有消极意义，故句意为：学习一门新的语言从来都不容易（easy）。其余三项分别意为：令人厌烦的；困难的，努力的，坚硬的；有趣的，均不符合题意。5、【解析】a。考查词语的感情色彩和语境。be known as 是积极意义词汇，因此此空要选择积极意义词汇，根据句意：现在作者已经成为一名著名的园艺师，使其父母为之自豪。在四个选项中，a选项的词义符合文意。三、能力提高：1、while traveling was inspring and meeting people was 24 , nothing about my term in france was what i 25 .24. a. boringb. upsettingc. excitingd. promising25. a. expectedb. likedc. doubtedd. feared2、his loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more sympathetic and 34 , putting others first.34. a. carefulb. regretfulc. considerated. humorous3、seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father ever thought it a waste of time.at that age, i always did something_40_to whatever my parents did! if gardening were something they found_41_, i would plant a garden!40. a. equal b. similar c. superior d. opposite41. a. painful b. valuable c. upsetting d. interesting4、but on a january night in 2009, inky did 41 that would set her apart from 42 cats forever.41. a. anything b. nothing c. something d. everything42. a. familiar b. lovely c. ordinary d. outstanding5、i often read of incidents of misunderstanding or conflict. i m left 36 . why do these people create mistrust and problems, especially with those from other 37 ？36.a. interested b. pleased c. puzzled d. excited【答案解析】1、【解析】c。考查词语的感情色彩和语境。a. boring无聊的；b. upsetting 令人苦恼的；这两个为消极词汇。c. exciting令人兴奋的；d. promising有希望的，这两个为积极词汇。根据travelling is inspiring，所以这里meeting people （见到许多人），一定是情感比较积极的，由句意故选项c正确。2、【解析】c。考查词语的感情色彩和语境。a. careful 仔细，小心，c. considerate考虑周到的，d. humorous幽默的，为褒义词，b. regretful 遗憾的，为贬义词。句子的意思具有积极含义：他的爱和无私激励着我更加富有同情心和“更体谅人”，把别人放在前面考虑。解题关键是“putting others first”，这其实就是对considerate的解释。3、【解析】c。考查词语的感情色彩和语境。从上文可知：作者具有反叛心理，作者想到如果园艺是父母感到烦恼的事，就种植一个花园。在选项中，c选项表示令人烦恼之意，具有消极意义，符合语境。因此，正确答案为c选项。b、d项属于褒义词，a项属于贬义词，但不符合语境。4、【解析】c。考查词语的感情色彩和语境。set her apart from 让她从很突出； 可知后面要用到的是中性的或者消极的词汇。因此，只有c 项符合这个语境。其他选项都属于褒义词汇。5、【解析】c。考查词语的感情色彩和语境misunderstanding or conflict 和 why，可知此处要表达消极意义。只有c. puzzled 困惑为贬义词，其余选项均为褒义词。 故c为正确选项。四、终极挑战：1、once i 22 that i was going, all i could think about was the fun of foreign travel and making all sorts of new and 23 friends22. a. approvedb. knewc. warmedd. denied23. a. stubbornb. anxiousc. universald. interesting2、and body language is particularly 39 when we attempt to communicate across cultures（文化）.39. a. immediate b. misleading c. important d. difficult3、my parents showed no interest in my garden. my father even_46_at me because found it was _47_to move around my garden to the driveway.46.a.shouted b. laughed c. glanced d. jumped 47.a. convenientb. troublesome c. enjoyable d. dangerous4、he _41_ over some bushes and saw the little stream, where the girl was _42_.when she opened her eyes 42. a. awake b. abandoned c. available d. asleep5、they can also make people feel 52 and forced to answer unwanted calls or 53 to unwanted texts.52. a. trappedb. excitedc. confuse d.