贵州省贵阳戴氏教育管理有限公司八年级英语上册 Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake讲解文档 （新版）人教新目标版.doc

unit 8 how do you make a banana milk shake 单元目标预览重点词汇shake n& v. 摇动；抖动piece n. 片；块；段turn on 接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开traditional adj. 传统的；惯例的traveler n. 漂泊者；旅行者；游客pour v. 倒出；倾倒celebrate v. 庆祝；庆贺add v增加；添加fill v. (使) 充满；装满cover v. 遮盖；覆盖n覆盖物；盖子finally adv. 最后；最终serve v接待；服务；提供句型掌握1turn on the blender.打开果汁机。注意祈使句的使用。2finally，dont forget to add some salt.最后，不要忘记加些盐。注意first，next，then，finally的运用。再学可数名词和不可数名词。学会使用祈使句来表示建议的交际用语。学习写某食物制作过程的文章。本单元知识点精讲1how do you make a banana milk shake?你是怎样做香蕉奶昔的？本句是一个特殊疑问句，由特殊疑问词how引导的，表示“怎样，如何”，用以对做某事的方法、方式、途径等提问。how did you find it?你是怎样发现它的？make v. 制作；做。其后可接双宾语，即make sb.sth.或make sth.for sb.为某人制作某物lucy made a beautiful card for me.露西为我制作了一张漂亮的卡片。重点词汇解析：make 和domake 和do都是实义动词，都含有“做”之意，但二者在用法上有一些区别。make强调用某一种原材料“制作”某种成品或经过努力做成某事。she often makes clothes herself.她经常自己做衣服。do通常强调做某件事，某项工作等，而不涉及动作的内容，是做事的通称。students do their homework every day.学生们每天做作业。shake n& v. 摇动；抖动give the bottle a few shakes before you pour the juice.你倒果汁前摇几下瓶子。can you feel the earth shake?你能感觉到地在摇动吗？知识点延伸：shake hands with sb.和某人握手the two men shook hands with each other.那两个人互相握了握手。shake ones head 摇头when you cant answer this question，shake your head.当你不会回答这问题时，摇摇头。【例1】 _did you make the model plane?awhat bhowcwhich dwhoa什么b怎样；如何c哪一个/些d谁句意你如何制作这个飞机模型？【例2】 you should _ something by yourself.ado bmakechave ddid解析本句强调做某件事情，而不涉及动作的内容，用动词do表示；情态动词should后应接动词原形。故选a项。答案a句意你应该自己做一些事情。【例3】 i often _some cleaning on weekends.amake bmakingcdo ddoing解析句中有often，说明是用一般现在时，且主语是i，故谓语动词应用原形，可排除b、d两项；不强调具体的动作内容，故用do。答案c句意周末我经常洗点东西。【例4】look！the boy _the bottle.ashake bis shakingceat dis eating点拨：由look可知句子用现在进行时，排除a、c两项；与瓶子搭配的是shake “摇动”而不是eat“吃”。句意为“看！那男孩正在摇动瓶子”。答案：b【例5】does he _ you when you meet him?ashake hands withbshakes hands withcshake hands todshakes hands to点拨：本句是一般疑问句，开头用了does，后面的实义动词用原形形式；“和某人握手”用介词with。答案：a2.turn on the blender.打开果汁机。本句是一个祈使句。祈使句表示请求、命令、建议、禁止等。说话的对象大多为第二人称you，且常被省略。句末用感叹号或句号，读时用降调。否定句常在动词前加dont。please dont turn on the blender.请不要打开果汁机。let第一人称动词原形的祈使句，变否定句常在动词原形前加not。let me not do that.让我别做那事。let第三人称动词原形的祈使句，变否定句常在let前加dont。dont let them shout.不要让他们喊叫。turn on 打开，其反义词组是turn off 意为“关上”。它们是“动词副词”构成的短语动词，宾语是代词时应放在turn 与on 或off 中间。i want to watch tv.please turn it on.我想看电视。请打开它。turn up 调高turn up your radio，please.请把收音机开大点。turn down 调低turn down the tv.its too noisy.把电视关小点。太吵了。重点词汇解析：turn on 和open二者都有“打开”的意思，但“打开”的对象不同。turn on通常指打开水龙头、煤气、电灯、电视、收音机等的开关。please turn on the lights.请打开灯。 open通常指打开书、门窗、箱子、盒子等。they opened the window.他们打开了窗户。【例1】将下列句子改为否定句。1please get off at the next stop.2let me go there.3let him do it by himself.点拨：1.祈使句变为否定句时，要在动词原形前加dont；2.本句为let第一人称开头的祈使句，变否定句，应在动词原形前加not；3.本句为let第三人称开头的祈使句，变否定句时应在let前加dont。答案：1.please dont get off at the next stop.2let me not go there.3dont let him do it by himself.【例2】dont _ the air conditioning.i think im going down with a cold.aturn on bturned oncturning on dto turn on解析本句是否定祈使句，dont后接动词原形，故排除b、c、d三项。答案a句意不要打开空调。我想我感冒了。【例3】please _the radio.grandma is sleeping.aturn on bturn aboutcturn up dturn downa打开b转身，回头c调高d调低句意请把收音机关小点。奶奶正在睡觉。【例4】do you know how _ the blender?aopen bto opencturn on dto turn on解析打开果汁机用turn on，排除a、b两项；疑问词后常接不定式，故排除c项。答案d句意你知道怎样打开果汁机吗？3.pour the milk into the blender.把牛奶倒入搅拌器中。pour v. 倒出；倾倒，常用短语为：o，把倒入。please pour the water into the cup.请把水倒入杯中。,【例题】根据汉语意思完成下句我们什么时候该把鸡蛋倒入锅中？when _ we _ the eggs _ the pot?答案：should；pour；into4how much yogurt do we need？我们需要多少酸奶？how much 多少，用来修饰不可数名词，询问不可数名词的数量。how much milk do we need?我们还需要多少牛奶？重点词汇解析：how much 与how manyhow much通常询问不可数名词的数量；how many则询问可数名词的数量。（名词复数形式）how much water do you need?你需要多少水？how many cups of water do you need?你需要多少杯水？知识点延伸：how much 还可用于询问物品的价格。how much are they？它们值多少钱？【例题】 对画线部分提问1there are three bottles of orange._ _ bottles of orange are there?2you can pour three cups of milk into the blender._ _ milk can we pour into the blender?点拨：1.three 接的是可数名词bottles，故用 how many来提问。2.three cups of milk表示不可数名词milk的数量，故用how much来提问。答案：1.how many2.how much5.next，put the beef，carrots and potatoes into a pot and add some water.下一步，把牛肉、胡萝卜和土豆放在锅中并加上一些水。add v增加；添加add.to.意为“把加到中去；往中加”。please add some salt to the food.请给食物里面加点盐。if you add 4 to 6，you get 10.4加6等于10。add to (add作不及物动词用)表示“增加；添加”，其中to是介词，后接名词或代词。the flowers add to the beauty of the city.这些花增添了这所城市的美。【例1】_some water _ the soup.aadd；to badd；upcadd；to dadd；up to点拨：本句是祈使句，开头的单词首字母要大写，排除c项；根据句意“给汤里加些水”可知a项正确。add.to.意为“往中加”。答案：a【例2】根据汉语意思完成下句七加二等于九。_two _ seven，and you will get nine.答案：add；to6.no，one more thing.不，还有一件事。more 又；再，与another同义。数词more nanother数词n.they stayed there two more days.they stayed there another two days.他们在那里又待了两天。【例题】weve got two desks，but we need _.aa desk btwo desksctwo more dmore two点拨：根据前半句句意“我们已有两张课桌”可推断“但是我们还需要两张”；浏览选项含有此意的只有c、d两项，但more要放在数词之后，故选c项。答案：c7finally，dont forget to add some salt.最后，不要忘记加些盐。finally adv. 最后；最终同义短语是：at last；in the end。finally可位于句首、句中或句末。位于句中时，要放在be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，实义动词之前。表示做某事的先后顺序时可用first，next，then，finally。i finally finished my homework.我终于完成了我的作业。【例题】 first，cut up two apples，then put them into the blender._ turn on the blender.aand bnextcfirst dfinally解析根据句中的first，then可知，空内要表达的是最后一点，故用finally。其他三项不合句意。答案d句意首先切碎两个苹果，然后把它们放进果汁机。最后打开果汁机。8first，put some butter on a piece of bread.首先，在一片面包上涂一些黄油。piece n. 片；块；段它是可数名词。表示不可数名词的量时，可用“基数词piece(s) of不可数名词”。有时，可数名词也可用此结构。there are two pieces of bread on the table.桌子上有两块面包。how many pieces of sandwiches do you need?你需要多少片三明治？【例题】we want three _.can you bring them to us?apiece of paper bpieces of paperscpiece of papers dpieces of paper点拨：paper作为“纸张”讲时是不可数名词，故b、c两项错误；piece是可数名词，three后接复数名词，排除a项。句意为“我们想要三张纸。你能带给我们吗？”答案：d9in most countries，people usually eat traditional food on special holidays.在大多数国家，人们通常在特殊的节日吃传统的食物。traditional adj. 传统的；惯例的chinese traditional medicine is popular in the world.在世界上，中国的传统医药是很受欢迎的。知识点延伸：tradition n. 传统；惯例；规矩it is a tradition that the young look after the old in china.在中国，年轻人照顾老年人是一个传统。【例题】these are the _ lifestyles for the spring festival.atradition btraditionsctraditional dtraditionally解析lifestyles是名词，其前应用形容词修饰，a、b两项都是名词，排除；d项是副词，故排除。答案c句意这些是传统的春节生活方式。10.these travelers had a long，hard winter，and many of them died.这些漂泊者过了一个漫长、艰难的冬天，他们中许多人去世了。traveler n. 漂泊者；旅行者；游客也可表达为：traveller。every year，many travelers come to china to visit the great wall.每年，许多游客来中国参观长城。知识点延伸：travel v. 旅行where are you going to travel this summer holiday?今年暑假你打算去哪儿旅行？【例题】the _ like _ to many places.atraveler；travelingbtravel；to travelctravelers；travelingdtravel；traveling点拨：浏览题干和选项可知句意为“游客们喜欢去许多地方旅行”。根据like可知主语是名词复数，c项正确。答案：c11.these days，most americans still celebrate this idea of giving thanks by having a big meal at home with their family.现在，许多美国人仍然庆祝这个给予感恩的主意，他们通过和家人在家吃大餐进行庆祝。本句是简单句。by having a big meal at home with their family是介词短语作状语。celebrate v. 庆祝；庆贺 ，其后接事物。were celebrating our grandfathers eightieth birthday.我们正在庆祝祖父的80岁生日。they held a party to celebrate his success.他们举行宴会庆祝他的成功。【例题】tom _ his 24th birthday two days ago.acelebrate bcelebratesccelebrated dis celebrating点拨：题干中的two days ago是一般过去时的标志词，故选c项。句意为“汤姆两天前庆祝了他的24岁生日”。答案：c12.next，fill the turkey with this bread mix.下一步，用面包混合物填满火鸡。fill v. (使) 充满；装满常构成短语：fill.with.用把装满he filled the box with apples.他用苹果把盒子装满。也可构成短语be filled with.填满；充满，相当于be full of。the glass is filled with water.the glass is full of water.玻璃杯里装满了水。【例题】my father is going to fill the basket _oranges.awith bofcin dat点拨：fill.with是固定短语，意为“用把装满”，故用介词with。句意为“我爸爸打算用橙子装满这个篮子”。答案：a13.when it is ready，place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy.当它准备好后，把火鸡放在一个大盘上，覆盖上肉汁。cover v. 遮盖；覆盖n覆盖物；盖子(1)作动词时，可构成短语 cover.with.意为“用把覆盖”。she covered the table with a cloth.她用一块布把桌子盖起来。be covered with.被所覆盖the playground is covered with snow.操场被雪覆盖了。(2)作名词，盖子i dont like the metal cover.我不喜欢这个金属盖子。【例1】please _the computer with something，or it will get dirty easily.aplay bwashcput dcover点拨：play意为“玩；打；踢”；wash意为“洗”；put意为“放置”；cover意为“覆盖；遮掩”。根据句意“请用某物把电脑盖起来，否则它会很容易变脏的”可知用cover。答案：d【例2】the table is covered _ some flowers.aof bwithcon dat点拨：be covered with意为“被所覆盖”。答案：b14.finally，serve it to your friends with some other food.最后，伴着其他食物把它端给你的朋友们。serve v接待；服务；提供if you come here，i can serve you the best food.如果你来这儿，我会用最好的食物招待你。serve sb.sth.serve sth.to sb.can you serve milk shake to me?你能用奶昔招待我吗？service n. 服务；接待the service in your shop is very good.你的商店的服务很好。servant n仆人many years ago，his family had a few servants.许多年前，他家里有几个仆人。【例1】the restaurant often serves delicious food _ customers.afor btocwith dat点拨：serve sth.to sb.是固定结构。句意为“这家餐馆经常向顾客提供美味的食物”。答案：b【例2】根据汉语意思完成下列句子1好的服务会收到好的报酬。good _ can get good rewards.2那位仆人工作努力，但吃得不好。the _ worked hard but couldnt eat well.答案：1.service2.servant语法专项突破在七年级上册第六单元我们学过可数名词和不可数名词，下面我们回顾一下并进一步了解：当表达不可数名词的具体数量时，可以用“数词单位名词of”来表示，其单复数通过单位名词来体现。i want three glasses of milk.我想要三杯牛奶。please give him a piece of paper.请给他一张纸。也可以用some，any，a lot of，lots of，much，a little等来修饰表示泛指的数量。he has a lot of time to study.他有大量学习的时间。对数量进行提问时，how many 后接可数名词复数；how much 后接不可数名词。how many oranges did he buy?他买了多少个橘子？he bought six oranges.他买了六个橘子。【例1】i need two _.aspoon of milk bspoons of milkscspoons milk dspoons of milk解析milk是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故排除b项；two 后接单位名词复数，故排除a项；表示不可数名词的具体数量时，用数词单位名词of表示，故排除c项。只有d项合适。答案d句意我需要两匙牛奶。【例2】could i have something to eat?sure，heres some _.achickenbtomatoescorangedwater解析根据问句“吃点东西”，排除c、d两项，它们是“喝的东西”；又根据谓语动词is可判断主语用单数形式或不可数名词，故排除b项。答案a句意“我可以吃点东西吗？”“当然，这儿有些鸡肉。”【例3】how many _ are there in your basket，jeff?only three.arice borangechamburgers dfruit解析根据how many 后跟可数名词复数可知选c项。a项意为“大米；米饭”，是不可数名词；b项意为“橙子”时，是可数名词；意为“橙汁”时，是不可数名词；d项意为“水果”，也是不可数名词。答案c句意“你的篮子里有几个汉堡？”“只有三个。”交际用语指导对于别人的建议，你如何表示接受和拒绝呢？本单元涉及用祈使句来表示建议的交际用语。lets make fruit salad.咱们做水果沙拉吧。let sb.do sth.是常见的祈使句结构，用来表示建议。肯定回答为：good idea！/ok！/all right！/not bad！否定回答为：sorry，i think./im afraid.lets go shopping.咱们去购物吧。all right.好吧。【例1】let them _ the super