高中英语教学论文 浅谈中学英语词汇记忆方法 牛津版.pdf

浅谈中学英语词汇记忆方法 浅谈中学英语词汇记忆方法 Abstract Abstract This passage mainly talks about the content of the English vocabulary in secondary schools and some special methods of how to remember words These methods of remembering the words include by pronunciation by composition by association by classification by putting words into a sentence and by repetition Key Words Key Words vocabulary teaching method remember words The study of English is from words to sentences from sentences to passages It is difficult to understand and memorize the sentences if the vocabulary could not have clearance not to mention the reading of the whole passage and the understanding of the grammar Well known linguist Wilkin said Without grammar very little can be conveyed without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed Therefore during the stage of the secondary schools in order to improve the quality of English teaching one of the most important aspects is to insure the students to grasp a certain number of how to memorize English words in English vocabulary teaching in secondary schools 1 The Content of English Vocabulary Teaching in Secondary Schools 1 The Content of English Vocabulary Teaching in Secondary Schools Words have three structure elements sound structure and meaning The purpose of vocabulary teaching is to teach the student to master these three structure elements and also the relations among them First form the relation of sound and meaning Second form the relation of sound meaning and structure Last achieve the direct relation of forming the sound meaning and structure In detail English vocabulary teaching is to enable the student a to pronounce words correctly b to spell words correctly c to know the part of speech of words d to recognize the written and oral form of the words e to recall the words at any time f to connect the words with appropriate things or other special concept g to use the word in a proper grammar form h To use it skillfully in both spoken English and written English i To know collocation of the word Apart from these courses students should also be gradually have the ability to master English words to learn by themselves to form good learning habits ect 2 To Make the Student Understand the Method to Memorizing Words 2 To Make the Student Understand the Method to Memorizing Words Memory is the most important component of wisdom Bacon said All knowledge is memory If you can t remember a large amount of words it is impossible to study English well Therefore memory plays an important role in learning English and the way how to remember words directly related to whether you will succeed or fail in learning English to supplying science and image memorizing method such as 用心 爱心 专心 1 lively language vivid example simple graphic rich association to make the strange complicated and boring English knowledge become concise lively and concrete Further more it can enhance the memory imprint form the accumulation of memory and strengthen the ability of memorizing in English teaching 2 1 To remember the words by pronunciation As there are spelling regulations in English it is not difficult to remember the spelling of words if you can remember the pronunciations of the words The connection between pronunciation and meaning is more important than the connection between form and meaning In order to make the connection of pronunciation and meaning priority you can form conditioned reflex when you listen to the words and sentences The ability to connect the conditioned reflex of the pronunciation of the word and its meaning is core In order to make the students remember the words they should listen to the pronunciation of the words rather than remember the words letter by letter Most of the words have a certain regulation For example igh ai light might fight right ear learn research heard search etc 2 2 To remember the words by decomposition We should have focused on word formation that includes derivation compound and conversion For example happy hap root y adjective suffix happiness happily unhappy unhappily sleep sleeping sleeper sleepy sleepless sleeplessness asleep ness which constitute abstract nature and status act from the Latin word actus which means do acting actor actress inactive reaction reactionary reactivity etc Use word formation we remember not only one word but a bunch of words and what s more it can improve the ability to guess the meaning of the words 2 3 To remember the words by association This method can divided into a homophonous association such as whole hole week weak sun son see sea b structure association such as end lend mend send all ball call fall wall tall mall yellow fellow weave leave accent ascent fever never bowl fowl power tower shower flower c synonymous association such as big great large huge vast enormous tremendous d antonymous association such as old young new borrow lend positive negative To make full use of association we can improve the interest of memory and also rich the content of memory Let s take other examples tree leaf grass root bottom top wood table desk chair paper pencil ruler door window floor furniture stone rock wood brick 2 4 To remember the words by the classification a the names of all parts of the body from small to big from head to feet b animal by the order of English words think of the words an then translate into foreign language c plant d relatives at the position in the family hierarchy order 用心 爱心 专心 2 e season f month g week h numeral pay attention to remember with word formation i preposition j conjunction k pronoun l irregular verbs put the words that have the same characteristics together and so on 2 5 To remember the words by putting words into a sentence Put the words in the text into a sentence and according to this sentence we not only remember the words but also memorize how to use the words and master the sentence structure For example in SEFC Book A Unit3 Lesson10 there are words pronounce difficulty however These words can write as a sentence I have some difficulty in pronouncing the words However difficult they are I ll try my best to overcome it According to this sentence students can remember the structures have some difficulty in doing something and however adj adv subject predicative 2 6 To remember the words by repetition Repetition is the precondition of memory According to the Ebbinghaus forgotten curve the process of forgotten development which is first fast then slow is not balanced Although forgotten development is restricted by many factors the most important factor is that review must be in time To review should be before the beginning of large scale forgetting To review timely may sometimes prevent the rapid forgetting which occurred after studying There are some particular attentions we should pay to during the review 2 6 1 to focus on trying to put memories and repeat reading together When reviewing you cannot simply read once and once again but to recall the material positively before it hasn t been completely remembered From this the knowledge is often easier to remember and can maintain for a long time Thus you can shorten the time that is used to remember 2 6 2 to pay attention to the allocation of review To allocate the time of English review and effort correctly has a great effect to the result of review The review that happened continuously during a period of time is called concentrated review Review can also be carried out at times and there are intervals during review and this is called allocated review 2 6 3 to pay attention to cycle consolidation The review of vocabulary must be in time and cycle consolidation periodically When you learn some new words you must consolidate them at once that is to use them in listening speaking reading writing and the speech communication activities The review of these words must be planned timely in three days one week two weeks and one month 2 6 4 to pay attention to the diversity of ways We can take advantage of both direct and indirect ways to review the words A 用心 爱心 专心 3 direct vocabulary review is focused on the words and remembers the sounds structure and meaning of the words Indirect vocabulary review refers that we remember words through listening to the broadcast reading newspapers communicating with foreigners and so on The best way to remember and consolidate words is to use them correctly In this regard few teachers pay enough attention to this So it needs strengthening 3 Word formation by Analogy 3 Word formation by Analogy Word formation is a way that promotes the students to remember the words And word formation by analogy is a fun and practical way to form words The characteristic of this formation is that it uses a certain similar words as a pattern and makes an associated analog on the meaning that is to use a word takes place of another that will constitute a word For example workaholic is associated with alcoholic seajack and skyjack come from hijack So they all belong to analogy words Considered from the connection between original words and analogy words English analogy words can be divided into three groups 3 1 number and color analog Look at the number analog first For example in English the wife of U S president is said First Lady According to this Americans associate First Family First Mother and words like these Then let s see some color analog For example Black Power is the slogan that is proposed by people when they fighted for their own power Then other ethnic minorities in order to fight for anti discrimination and search for equality borrow it Indians put forward for Red Power American Mexicans also made Brown Power In addition the old people who want to safeguard their own rights put forward to Grey Power 3 2 anti sense and antonym analog There are many analogy words in this regard For example nightmare day mare brain drain brain gain flashback flash forward high tech low tech and so on 3 3 similar analogs In English this kind of analogy is the most For example Olympiad Asiad baby sit house sit escalator travolator chain smoke chain drain human rights animal rights hunger strike sleep strike boat people land people and so on BibliographyBibliography Cheryl L Spaulding 1992 Motivation in the Classroom The United States McGraw Hill Press