湖南省株洲市荷塘区高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习（11）.doc

湖南省株洲市荷塘区2016高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习（11）【阅读理解】 william butler yeats, a most famous irish writer, was born in dublin on june 13,1865. his childhood lacked the harmony (和睦) that was typical of a happy family. later, yeats shocked his family by saying that he remembered “little of childhood but its pain”. in fact, he inherited (继承) excellent taste in art from his familyboth his father and his brother were painters. but he finally settled on literature, particularly drama (戏剧) and poetry.yeats had strong faith in the coming of new artistic movements. he set himself the fresh task in founding an irish national theatre in the late 1890s.his early theatrical experiments，however，were not received favorably at the beginning. he didnt lose heart，and finally enjoyed success in his poetical drama. compared with his dramatic works, yeatss poems attract much admiring notice.the subject matter includes love，nature，history，time and aging. though yeats generally relied on very traditional forms, he brought modern sensibility to them. as his literary life progressed, his poetry grew finer and richer, which led him to worldwide recognition.he had not enjoyed a major public life since winning the nobel prize in 1923.yet，he continued writing almost to the end of his life. had yeats stopped writing at age 40，he would probably now be valued as a minor poet, for there is no other example in literary history of a poet who produces his greatest works between the ages of 50 and 75. after yeatss death in 1939, wh. auden wrote, among others, the following lines：earth，receive an honoured guest：william yeats is laid to rest.let the irish vessel (船) lieemptied of its poetry.本文介绍了爱尔兰著名作家威廉巴特勒叶慈，他在19世纪90年代成立了爱尔兰国家剧院，他以诗体戏剧及诗歌闻名，于1923年获得了诺贝尔奖。1which of the following can describe yeatss family?ait filled yeatss childhood with laughter. bit was shocked by yeatss choice.cit was a typically wealthy family. dit had an artistic atmosphere.答案：d。细节理解题。根据短文第一段倒数第二句话可知：他从家人那儿继承了很好的艺术鉴赏能力，他的父亲和哥哥都是画家，证明他是在一个有艺术氛围的家庭中长大。2according to the passage，what do we know about yeatss life?ayeats founded the first irish theater.byeats stuck to modern forms in his poetry.cyeats began to produce his best works from the 1910s.dyeats was not favored by the public until the 1923 noble prize.答案：c。细节理解题。根据短文第二段第二句话“he set himself.theatre in the late 1890s.”可知a项不对。根据第三段第三句话“though yeats.to them”可知，b项不对。根据第三段最后一句话可知，d项不对。由此可知c项正确。3what kind of feeling is expressed in wh.audens lines?aenvy. bsympathy. cemptiness. dadmiration.答案：d。推理判断题。envy忌妒；sympathy同情；emptiness空虚；admiration敬佩，钦佩。auden的诗词中有honored guest，最尊敬的客人，可知auden是敬佩叶慈的。4what is the passage mainly about?a. yeatss literary achievements.b. yeatss historical influence.c. yeatss artistic ambition.d. yeatss national honor.答案：a。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述作家叶慈在文学方面所取得的成绩，他的诗体戏剧获得了很大的成功，他的诗歌赢得了广泛的认可，1923年，他获得了诺贝尔文学奖。 阅读理解。an idea that started in seattles public library has spread throughout america and beyond. the concept is simple: help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same tome.in addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit (追求) to be enjoyed by all, the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools. the idea came from seattle librarian nancy pearl who launched (发起）the if all of seattle read the same book project in 1998. her original program used author visits,study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other american cities, and even to hong kong.in chicago, the mayor(市长）appeared on television to announce the choice of to kill a mockingbird as the first book in the one book, one chicago program. as a result, reading clubs and neighbourhood groups sprang up around the city. across the us, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character. the only problem arose in new york ,where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population. this may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns,where a greater sense of unity(一致）can be achieved .or it may show that new yorkers rather missed the point ,putting all their energy and passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itself.ultinatel was nancy points out,the level of sucicess is not meastured by how many people read a book,but by how many people are enriched by the process.or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word.1.what is the purpose of the project launched by nancy?a.to invite authors to guide readers.b.to encourage people to read and share.c.to involve people in communnity service.d.to promote the friendship between cities.2.why was it difficult for new yorkers to carry out the projict?a.they had little interest in reading.b.they were too busy to read a book.c.they came from many different backgroundsd.they lacked support from the locat government3.according to the passage,where would the project be more easily carried out?a.in large communities with little sense of unityb.in large cities where libraries are far from homec.in medium-sized cities with a diverse populationd.in large towns where agreement can be quickly reached4.the underlined words“shared a word”in paragraph 5 probably mean a.exchanged ideas with each otherb.discussed the meaning of a wordc.gamed life experience d.used the same language5.according to nacy,the degree of students of the project is judged by a. the careful selection of a proper bookb. the growing popularity of the writersc.the number of people who benefit from reading.d.the number of books that each person reads.【参考答案】1-5、bcdac阅读理解。in the kitchen of my mothers houses there has always been a wooden stand（木架）with a small notepad（记事本）and a hole for a pencil. im looking for paper on which to note down the name of a book i am recommending to my mother. over forty years since my earliest memories of the kitchen pad and pencil, five houses later, the current paper and pencil look the same as they always did. surely it cant be the same pencil? the pad is more modern, but the wooden stand is definitely the original one. “im just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these years.” i say to her, walking bank into the living-room with a sheet of paper and the pencil. “you still use a pencil. cant you afford a pen?” my mother replies a little sharply. “it works perfectly well. ive always kept the stand in the kitchen. i never knew when i might want to note down an idea, and i was always in the kitchen in these days.” immediately i can picture her, hair wild, blue housecoat covered in flour, a wooden spoon in one hand, the pencil in the other, her mouth moving silently. my mother smiles and says, “one day i was cooking and watching baby pauline, and i had a brilliant thought, but the stand was empty. one of the children must have taken the paper. so i just picked up the breadboard and wrote it all down on the back. it turned out to be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem i was working on.” this storywhich happened before i was bornreminds me how extraordinary my mother was, and is, as a gifted mathematician. i feel embarrassed that i complain about not having enough child-free time to work. later, when my mother is in the bathroom, i go into her kitchen and turn over the breadboards. sure enough, on the back of the smallest one, are some penciled marks i recognize as mathematics. those symbols have traveled unaffected through fifty years, rooted in the soil of a cheap wooden breadboard, invisible（看不到的）exhibits at every meal.( ) 1. why has the authors mother always kept the notepad and pencil in the kitchen?a. to leave messages. b. to list her everyday tasks.c. to note down maths problems. d. to write down a flash of inspiration. ( ) 2. what is the authors original opinion about the wooden stand? a. it has great value for the family. b. it needs to be replaced by a better one. c. it brings her back to her lonely childhood. d .it should be passed on to the next generation. ( ) 3. the author feels embarrassed for _ a. blaming her mother wrongly. b. giving her mother a lot of trouble. c. not making good use of time as her mother did. d. not making any breakthrough in her field.( ) 4. what can be inferred from the last paragraph?a .the mother is successful in her career. b. the family members like traveling. c. the author had little time to play when young. d. the marks on the breadboard have disappeared. ( ) 5. in the authors mind ,her mother is_a. strange in behavior. b. keen on her research. c. fond of collecting old things. d. careless about her appearance.本篇文章为记叙文。主要讲述“我”的母亲总是习惯实用厨房里的记事本和铅笔。50年过去了，换了 5 所房子，可母亲的习惯没有改变，却更热衷于此。我突然意识到母亲是位天才的数学家。46. d细节理解题。 根据第四段第三句 never knew when i might want to note down an idea, “and i was always in the kitchen in those days”可知作者母亲随时在存放的记事本上记录自己的想法，故选 d 项。47. b 推理判断题。根据第三段作者说的“im just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these years.”“cant you afford a pen”可知作者态度，是在反问母亲，想让母亲用更好的笔和记事本，故选b48. c 细节理解题，根据第五段第二句“i fell embarrassed that t complain about not having enough child-free time to work”可判断选c项49. a 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容，可知我意识到母亲的成功，她是天才数学家，母亲充分利用了厨房里的记事本写下数学，以及她对我的影响，由此判断选a50. b细节理解题。根据第五段第二句母亲的话“one day i was cooking and watching baby it turned out to be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem i was working on.”可知，作者的母亲很热衷于自己的发现，由此判断选b。完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项a、b、c和d中，选出最佳答案。the question of whether war is inevitable is one which has concerned many of the worlds great writers. before 1 this question, it will be useful to introduce some 2 concepts. conflict, 3 as opposition among social units-or individuals-directed against one another, is4 from competition, which 5 opposition among social units 6 seeking to obtain something which is 7 inadequate supply. competitors may not know about one another, which those who 8 in a conflict do. conflict and competition are both 9 of opposition. the meaning of opposition has been stated as a process by which social unit function in the disservice of one another, opposition is 10 contrasted to cooperation, a 11 by which social units function in the service of one another. these 12 are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups is inevitable in a world of limited 13 , but conflict isns. conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to occur and is probably an essential and desirable 14 of human societies. many authors have 15 their arguments that war cannot be avoided on the idea that in the struggle for existence among groups of animals, only those which are best 16 remain alive. in general, however, this struggle in nature is competition, not conflict. those who fail in this competition 17 starve to death or are 18 by other types of animals. this struggle for 19 is not similar to human war, but is like the competition of 20 for jobs, markets, and materials. the most important quality of this struggle is the competition for the necessities of life that are not enough to satisfy all.( ) 1. a. considering b. solving c. answering d. saying( ) 2. a. related b. used c. translated d. sacred( ) 3. a. specified b. remarked c. defined d. claimed( ) 4. a. variable b. distinguished c. various d. isolated( ) 5. a. acknowledged b. denies c. assumes d. means( ) 6. a. critically b. approximately c. independently d. costly( ) 7. a. on b. for c. with d. in( ) 8. a. enter b. participate c. fall d. involve( ) 9. a. formations b. classes c. terms d. reactions( ) 10. a. nevertheless b. however c. thus d. maybe( ) 11. a. procession b. standard c. process d. measurement( ) 12. a. accounts b. definitions c. descriptions d. explanations( ) 13. a. resources b. origins c. sources d. materials( ) 14. a. matter b. element c. event d. coincidence( ) 15. a. concentrated b. fixed c. centered d. based( ) 16. a. encouraged b. accepted c. adapted d. adopted( ) 17. a. not only b. either c. neither d. both( ) 18. a. killed b. raised c. fired d. surrounded( ) 19. a. resistence b. privilege c. favour d. employment( ) 20. a. workers b. officials c. individuals d. residents1.a 考虑这个问题之前，有必要介绍一些与之相关的概念。2.a “相关的概念”，应用related。3.c define, “解释”，“下定义”，后面经常接as; specify,“指定”，“指明”。the regulations specify that you may use a dictionary in the examination。规则指明考虐时可用字典。remark,“说”。claim,“要求承认某人之身份，所有权”。does anyone claim this umbrella?有没有人认领这把伞？ 冲突，指的是社会单位，团体或个人之间的对抗。它与“竞争”不同。竞争指的是社会单位间为夺取一种不足够的供应而进行的对抗。4.b distinguish from区别，不同；variable与vaious(多样的)后面一般不接from; isolated“与隔离开来”。5.d 对前面competition的解释，“意味着”。6.c crit