湖南省汝城二中高考英语一轮复习 阅读训练(4).doc

湖南省汝城二中2014届高考英语一轮复习阅读训练 (4)1.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项a、b、c和d中，选出最佳选项。 “experience may possibly be the best teacher, but it is not a particularly good teacher.” you might think that winston churchill or perhaps mark twain spoke those words, but they actually come from james march, a professor at stanford university and a pioneer in the field of organizational decision making. for years march (possibly be wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act, and he continues to do so in his new book the ambiguities of experience.he begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning: “experience is respected；experience is sought；experience is explained.” the problem is that learning from experience involves serious complications (复杂化), ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which march discusses in the body of this book.in one interesting part of the book, for example, he turns a doubtful eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. in our efforts to make stories interesting, he argues, we lose part of the complicated truth of things. he says “the more accurately reality is presented, the less understandable the story, and the more understandable the story, the less realistic it is.”besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher, march is also a poet, and his gift shines through in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. though the book is short, it is demanding: dont pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons. rather, be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life. 67. according to the text, james march is _.a. a poet who uses experience in his writingb. a teacher who teachers story writing in universityc. a researcher who studies the way humans think and actd. a professor who helps organizations make important decisions68. according to james march, experience _. a. is overvalued b. is easy to explainc. should be actively soughtd. should be highly respected69. what can we learn from paragraph 3?a. experience makes stories more accurate.b. stories made interesting fail to fully present the truth.c. the use of stories is the best way of experiential learning.d. stories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described.70. whats the purpose of this text?a. to introduce a book. b. to describe a researcher.c. to explain experiential learning. d. to discuss organizational decision making.2.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项a、b、c和d中，选出最佳选项。toyoda said those changes were being made nearly around the clock，but during three hours of often tense questions and answers he repeated that there was no link to the vehicles electronic systemsmany drivers making complaints against toyota and the government say their acceleration problems had nothing to do with floor mat interference(油门踏板故障)or sticky gas pedals(刹车)outside experts have suggested electronic problems. house lawmakers expressed serious criticism on toyoda，the grandson of the companys founder the national highway traffic safety administration(nhtsa)is seeking records on toyotas recalls and is conducting its own review on whether electronics were behind the car faultsnhtsa also continues to look into steering complaints from drivers of the popular corolla model toyota has recalled 8.5 million cars，more than 6 million of them in the united states it may be a while before car buyers believe that toyota really makes safe cars toyotas january sales already fell 16 percent even as most other automakers jumped back from last years bad resultsanalyst koji endo of advanced research japan in tokyo said he expects february sales，due out next week，to be down 30 percent to 40. toyotas sales problem could continue beyond that it will take some time to feel the full effect of this，he said63. the best title for this passage is a. toyota is in trouble b. toyota is under hearingc. toyota is finished d. toyota is still running64. what is the purpose of the hearing?a. america hopes that toyota apologizes to the us customersb. america wants to get toyota out of the us marketc. america wants to help toyota out of difficultyd.america hopes that toyota admits their cars have electronic system problem65. what can we infer from the passage?a. toyota provides very good post sale service b. toyotas biggest market is in the united statesc. toyota will be closed soond. toyotas dealership in the us will all be closed66. the last sentence of this passage indicates .a. analyst koji endo is fully confident about toyotab. toyota could meet a worse situationc. toyota would get out of trouble sooner or laterd. toyota would build up a better reputation among its customers3.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项a、b、c和d中，选出最佳选项。today is national bike-to-work day. and on new york citys jammed streets, people are cycling on hundreds of miles of new bike lanes. but new yorks widespread efforts to make streets safer for bikes have also left some locals complaining about the loss of parking spots and lanes for cars.when the weather is good, aaron naparstek likes to pedal（用踏板踩）his two young kids to school on a special dutch-made bicycle. naparstek supports the new lane. aaron: the bike lane on prospect park west is really introducing a lot of new people to the idea that its possible to use a bike in new york city for transportation or to travel around. this is what 21st century new york city looks like.prospect park west is still a one-way road, but where it used to have three lanes of car traffic, now it has two, plus a protected bike lane. supporters say that makes the road safer for everyone, including pedestrians, by slowing down cars and taking bikes off the sidewalk. but some longtime residents disagree. lois carswell is president of a group called seniors for safety. she says the two-way bike lane is dangerous to older residents who are used to one-way traffic.lois: we wanted a lane the right kind of lane that would keep everybody safe, that would keep the bikers safe. but we want it to be done the right way. and it has not been done the right way.craig palmer builds bars and restaurants in manhattan. i was interviewing him for a different story when he brought up the bike lanes all on his own.craig: i think the biggest problem is that bloomberg put all these bike lanes in. you took what used to be a full street and youre shrinking it.then there are the hasidic jews in williamsburg, brooklyn, who forced the city to remove a bike lane through their neighborhood. but polls show that the majority of new yorkers support bike lanes by a margin of 56% to 39%. bicycle advocate caroline samponaro of transportation alternatives calls that a mandate.caroline: if this was an election, we would have already had our victory. the public has spoken and they keep speaking. and i think, more importantly, the public is starting to vote with their pedals.59. what does aaron mean by saying “this is what 21st century new york city looks like.”? a. there are hundreds of miles of new bike lanes in 21 st century new york city.b. drivers slow down their cars and bikes are taken off the sidewalk in new york.c. bikes are used as a means of transport in 21 st century new york city.d. its possible to make the streets safe for pedestrians in new york.60. according to the passage, which of the following cannot support the opponents of these new bike lanes? a. drivers lose parking spots and lanes for cars.b. the two-way bike lane is dangerous to older residents.c. we took what used to be a full street so the road is broader than before.d. the removal of one bike lane through a neighbourhood in brooklyn was not supported by the majority of new yorkers.61. “a mandate” in paragraph 8 was referred to a demand or command from _. a. the authorityb. the publicc. the supporters d. the government62. what of the following might be the best title of the passage? a. ride on national bike-to-work day b. a new bike lane appears in new york c. a bike lane divides new yorkers d. who wins an election 4.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项a、b、c和d中，选出最佳选项。some say every day miracles are predestined (注定的)- all thats necessary is readiness, the right circumstance for the appointed meeting. and it can happen anywhere. in 1999, 11-year-old kevin stephan was a bat boy for his younger brothers little league team in lancaster, new york. it was an early evening in late july. kevin was standing on the grass away from the plate, where another youngster was warming up for the next game. swinging his bat back and forth, and giving it all the power an elementary school kid could give, the boy brought the bat back hard and hit kevin in the chest. his heart stopped. when kevin fell to the ground, the mother of one of the players rushed out of the stands to his aid. penny brown hadnt planned to be there that day, but at the last minute,she had changed her shift (轮班) at the hospital, and she was given the night off. penny bent over the senseless boy, his face already starting to turn blue, and giving cpr, breathing into his mouth and giving chest compressions (按压). and he came to life. after his recovery, he became a volunteer junior firefighter, learning some of the emergency first-aid techniques that had saved his life. he studied hard in school and was saving money for college by working as a dishwasher in a local restaurant in his spare time. kevin, now 17, was working in the kitchen when he heard people screaming, customers in confusion, employees rushing toward a table. he hurried into the main room and saw a woman there, her face turning blue, her hands at her throat. she was choking . quickly kevin stepped behind her, wrapped his arms around her and clasped his hands. then, using skills hed first learned in scouts, the food that was trapped in the womans throat was freed. the color began to return to her face. “the food was stuck. i couldnt breathe,” she said. she thought she was dying. “i was very frightened.”who was the woman? penny brown.56. kevin stephan fell to the ground and fainted probably because _.a. he stood close to the boy who was swinging his batb. he suffered from heart attack all of a suddenc. he was too excited when watching the gamed. he swung the bat too hard to keep his balance57. which of the following statements is true of kevin stephan?a. he was hit on the face by a boy and almost lost his life.b. he was a volunteer junior firefighter, teaching the players first-aid skills.c. he worked part-time in a local restaurant to save money for college.d. he saved penny brown though he didnt really know how to deal with food choke58. why did penny brown change her shift and was given the night off that night?a. she was there to give her son directions.b. she volunteered to give medical services.c. she was a little worried about her sons safety.d. she came to watch her sons game and cheered him .5. happy leap day! leap day, you ask? yes, its february 29. you may notice this date didnt appear on last years calendar, or the year before that, or thats because leap day happens once every four years and 2008 is a leap year. a leap year has 366 days instead of the usual 365 that an ordinary year has. an extra day is added to the calendar in a leap year, and heres why: the 365 days of the calendar are meant to match up with the solar year. a solar year is the time it takes the earth to complete its orbit around the sun, about one year. but the earths yearly trip around the sun takes a bit longer than 365 days. the orbit takes 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 seconds, to be exact. that time equals roughly one quarter of a day., so the calendar and the solar year dont match accurately. after a few years, that extra time in the solar year begins to accumulate. after four years, for example, the four extra quarter days will make the calendar fall behind the solar year by about a day. according to the honor society of leap year day babiesa club for people born on leap daythere are an estimated 4 million people whose birthdays come but once every four years. but who wants to wait four years to celebrate his/her birthday? most celebrate yearly on february 28 or march 1. there was a time when strict rules prevented women from proposing marriage to their beloved. in most cultures, thats not the case anymore. in fact, female pioneers who thought this rule was clearly unfair managed to get leap year established as an acceptable time for women to pop the question to unmarried men. so on february 29, a man could be surprised with an offer he couldnt refuse. the first documentation(文献的使用) of this day of ladies choice was in 1288 in scotland. officials then decided to pass a law that allowed women to propose marriage to men of their choice in that year. they also made it law that any man who said no to a proposal in a leap day had to pay a fine. the fine could range from a kiss to payment for a silk dress or a pair of gloves.72. according to the first two paragraphs, we can conclude that _.a. february 29 never appears on the calendar.b. february 29 comes once every four years, every leap year c. an ordinary year has one more day than a leap year d. 2008 has 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 seconds73. what does the underlined phrase “pop the question” probably means _.a. propose marriage b. refuse marriage c. ask questions d. give directions74. in the last paragraph, the underlined “they” refers to _.a. unmarried menb. single ladiesc. officials d. the scottish75. which topic can best describe the last paragraph?a. what can ladies do with the extra day? b. respect ladies in leap year.c. its unfair to prevent ladies from offering love. d. leap year is ladies choice.6. some time ago i discovered that one of my chairs had a broken leg. i didnt think that there would be any difficulty in getting it repaired, as there are a whole lot of antique(古董) shops near my home. so i left home one morning carrying the chair with me. i went into the first shop expecting a friendly reception. i was quite wrong. the man wouldnt even look at my chair. the second shop, though slightly more polite, was just the same, the third and the fourthso i decided that my approach must be wrong. i entered the fifth shop with a plan in my mind. i placed the chair on the floor and said to the shopkeeper, “would you like to buy a chair? twenty pounds,” i said. “ok,” he said,