护本15年练习卷1 Microsoft Word 文档.doc

上海交通大学网络学院医学院分院2015年（13春、秋年级）毕业理论综合考试练习卷（1）专业：护 理 学（专升本） 一、英语：(30%)I Vocabulary & StructureDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.1It would be better to make a decision now, _ leave it until next week.A. other than B. rather than C. less than D. more than2Well inform you as soon as tickets become _.A. valuable B. capable C. acceptable D. available3_ his talk when Mary ran out of the lecture hall.A. Hardly had he begun B. Hardly he had begunC. Hardly he has begun D. He hardly had begun4The two sisters are _ in many ways, not only in appearance but also in temperament.A. like B. likely C. alike D. lively5We hope that all the measures against sandstorms, _ was put forward by the committee, will be considered seriously at the meeting .A. while B. after C. since D. as6We cannot leave this tough job to a person_.A. who nobody has confidence B. in whom nobody has confidence C. for whom nobody has confidence D. who everyone has confidence of 7There is a deadlock (僵局) in the discussion when neither side gives _ to the over .A. a way B. way C. the way D. its way8This type of desk and chair can be adjusted _ the height of students at different ages.A. with B. for C. to D. in9I dont believe weve met before, I must say you do look familiar.A. therefore B. although C. since D. unless10The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much .A. the best B. best C. better D. the better11Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but of them wants to, because they have work to do.A. either B. any C. neither D none12Film has a much shorter history, especially when such art forms as music and painting.A. having compared to B. comparing toC. compare to D. compared to13 The volleyball match was televised _ on CCTV.A. alive B. life C. live D. Lively14The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its _ _ considerable.A. distribution B. Contribution C. Prescription D. circulation15Mrs. Weinstein bravely and persistently used every skill and power she had to her attacker to simply take her car and not her life.A. trust B. credit C. convince D. believe16Lets personal feelings in making judgment.A. set off B. set aside C. set back D. set up17In studio recordings, new techniques made possible effects that not even an electronic band could produce .A. live B. alive C. lively D. living18It is essential that everything in advance. A. should decide B. be decided C. decided D. will be decided.19Not until recently _ that Thompson had been telling the truth all along.A. I realized B. did I realize C. I did realize D. realized I20I dont need any help at the moment, but I _ your offer.A. appreciate B. admire C. enjoy D. likeII. ClozeWhen I was a child, I lived with my mother, my father having been away to work in the town. I was then not yet nine years old, lonely and expectant, _21_for things which I knew little about. I walked out alone one morning along the mountain tops_22_ my home stood. The sun had not yet risen, and the air _23_rain of the night and the mountain grass was heavy with tiny drops of water. As I looked back, I could see the marks my feet had made on the long grassy slope behind me. I walked till I came to a place_24_a little stream ran into the deep valley below. Here it passed between soft, earthen banks; at one place a large slice of earth had fallen away from the bank on the other side, and it had made a little island a few feet wide with water_25_all round it. It was covered with a weed with yellow flowers and long waving grasses. 21. A. sending B. longing C. standing D. Making22. A. in which B.at which C. from which D. on which23. A. melt B.felt C. smelt D. Sensed24. A. where B.that C. which D. what25. A. Drifting B.Flowing C. Blowing D. floatingIII. Reading ComprehensionDirections: There is a passage in this part. The passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the best answer to each question based on the passage.Passage：Most people think that the older you get, the harder it is to learn new languages. That is because they believe that children learn more easily and efficiently than adults. Thus, at some point in our lives, maybe around age l2 or l3, we lose the ability to learn languages well. Is this idea a fact or a myth?Is it true that children learn a foreign language more efficiently than adults? On the studying Swedish, concluded that the teenagers learned more, in less time, than the younger children. Another report, on Americans learning Russian, showed a direct improvement of ability over the age range tested; that is, the ability to learn increased as the age increased, from children to adulthood.There are several possible explanations for these findings. For one thing, adults know more about the wor1d and therefore are able to understand meanings more easily than chi1dren. Moreover, adults can use logical thinking to help themselves see patterns in the language. Finally, adults have more self-discipl1ne than children.All in all, it seems that the common idea that chi1dren are better 1anguage learners than adults may not be a fact l but a myth. 26According to the writer of the passage, _.A. people might lose the ability to learn foreign languages well at about 13B. the younger a child is, the clever he is in language learningC. it is easier for grown-ups to master foreign languages than teenagersD. it is a good idea to let people learn foreign languages when they get old27Which of the following statement best expresses the main idea of the passage?A. Teenagers are more difficult to teach than adults.B. Danish teenagers can learn Swedish faster than younger children can.C. Adults are more logical than children are.D. The ability to learn languages increases with age.28All of the following were mentioned in the passage about the advantages that adults have when they learn foreign languages except that _.A. adults can read betterB. adults can use logical thinkingC. adults have more self-disciplineD. adults know more about the world29In the last paragraph of the passage, the phrase all in all means_.A. on the wholeB. in spite of C. all the people, including the old and the young D. on the contrary30His talk claims that _.A. the ability of learn decreases with ageB. adults are able to learn more efficiently than childrenC. children are better language learners than adultsD. teenagers learn 1ess, in the same amount of time, than younger children二、健康评估：（25%）A型题（在一组备选答案中，选择一个最佳答案）：31我们为病人做健康评估的目的是： A了解患者健康状况 B了解患者的家庭情况 C了解患者沟通能力 D了解患者的工作环境 32以下关于间接叩诊法描述中，属于不正确的是 A. 叩诊胸腹部时病人应先平卧B. 右手中指叩击方向与叩诊部位的体表垂直C. 叩击力量要适宜、动作要灵活、短促，连续多次D. 叩诊时应以腕关节与掌指关节的活动为主33以下正确的问诊语言是 A您都是上午发热吗？ B您觉得有牵涉痛吗？C您的大便发黑吗？ D您头痛时还有什么别的不舒服？34身高160cm的女子，体重75 kg，她的营养状态是： A肥胖 B超重 C正常 D消瘦 35扁桃体度肿大的评判标准是：A肿大超过咽腭弓 B肿大超过舌腭弓 C肿大不超过咽腭弓 D肿大不超过舌腭弓 36某患者气促，诊断为右侧大量胸腔积液，该患者适宜的体位是：A左侧卧位 B被动体位 C强迫坐位 D右侧卧位37直径小于2mm，压之不褪色的皮肤损害称为：A紫癜 B瘀点 C瘀斑 D玫瑰疹38局部淋巴结肿大，质硬无压痛，有粘连，最多见于：A淋巴瘤 B淋巴结结核 C慢性淋巴结炎 D恶性肿瘤淋巴结转移39方颅可见于： A先天性疾患 B囟门早闭 C佝偻病 D脑积水 40胸廓前后径与横径相等，肋间隙增宽，属于：A扁平胸 B桶状胸 C漏斗胸 D佝偻病胸 41正常人右锁骨中线第三肋间的叩诊音为： A实音 B浊音 C鼓音 D清音 42异常支气管呼吸音可在下列哪个部位听到？A. 剑突部位 B. 胸骨上窝 C. 锁骨上窝 D. 腋窝下部 43二尖瓣狭窄病人的特征性杂音为 A. 心尖部舒张期隆隆样杂音 B. 心尖部收缩期乐音样杂音 C. 心尖部收缩期吹风样杂音 D. 心尖部连续性杂音44肠鸣音每分钟超过10次，音调不特别高亢，可见于A老年性便秘 B急性腹膜炎 C机械性肠梗阻 D急性肠炎 45肝硬化腹水的腹部外形常表现为： A蛙状腹 B舟状腹 C尖状腹 D局部性隆起 46腹部叩诊鼓音范围缩小见于：A肝脾极度肿大 B胃肠高度胀气 C人工气腹 D胃肠穿孔 47腹部揉面感多见于： A急性胆囊炎 B急性胰腺炎 C胃肠穿孔 D结核性腹膜炎48直肠癌患者常有便血。这种病人的便血应是： A柏油样便 B粘液脓血便 C血色鲜红附于粪便表面 D隐血便 49关于脊柱的生理弯曲，正确的叙述是： A颈椎段后凸，胸椎段前凸 B胸椎段前凸，腰椎段后凸 C腰椎段后凸，骶椎段前凸 D胸椎段后凸，腰椎段前凸 50Babinski征阳性的典型表现为： A拇趾背屈、其他各趾散开 B脚趾均背屈 C脚趾均跖屈D下肢迅速回收 51蛛网膜下腔出血、脑脊液压力增高时，会出现： AOppenheim征、Babinski征 BKernig征、Brudzinski征 CLasegue征DRomberg征 52对自我概念改变影响不大的因素是： A乳房切除术患者 B截瘫患者 C烧伤患者 D高热患者 53以下疾病中，不适合行MRI检查的是A. 肾盂积水 B. 脑占位性病变 C. 肝脏肿瘤 D. 心脏起搏器安装后54慢性化脓性骨髓炎的主要X线表现为： A骨质硬化增生 B骨膜增生 C骨质疏松 D骨干增粗 55下列有关超声检查的叙述错误的是： A常规肝、胆、胰B超检查要求空腹, 胆道检查的准备要求禁食8hr，且检查前一天晚清淡饮食 B超声检查是诊断胆囊结石最简便、最准确的方法、准确率95% C胆囊结石B超显示为强回声光团，后伴声影，但不随体位变动而移动 D肝硬化声像图显示肝表面“锯齿状”或凸凹状,肝实质回声不均匀增强 三、成人护理学（45%）：A型题（在一组备选答案中，选择一个最佳答案）：56代谢性酸中毒具有特征性的表现是A.呼吸浅而慢 B.心律加快，血压下降 C.呼吸深而快，伴有酮味 D.疲乏无力 57慢性呼吸衰竭缺氧明显，并伴二氧化碳潴留者的氧疗浓度应： A 25 B 35 C 45 D 55 58休克早期的表现是 A.口唇发绀 B.血压下降 C.脉压缩小 C.呼吸困难 59慢性阻塞性肺气肿突发胸痛，应考虑的并发症是： A慢性肺源性心脏病 B肺结核 C自发性气胸 D肺部感染 60患者，男性，72岁。因“呼吸衰竭”收住入院.该患者应用辅助呼吸和呼吸兴奋剂过程中,出现恶心、呕吐、烦躁、面颊潮红、肌肉颤动等现象，考虑为：A肺性脑病先兆 B痰液壅塞 C通气量不足 D呼吸性碱中毒 612010年中国高血压防治指南中，血压水平分类规定的正常血压高值是指：A收缩压120-130mmHg，或舒张压85-89 mmHg； B收缩压120-139mmHg，或舒张压80-89 mmHg； C收缩压130-139mmHg，或舒张压85-89 mmHg； D收缩压140-145mmHg，或舒张压85-95 mmHg； 62不属于冠状动脉发生粥样硬化的易患因素或危险因素为：A高血压 B高脂血症 C糖尿病 D与苯接触63下述提示病人左心衰竭程度最严重的是A. 咯血 B.劳力性呼吸困难 C. 急性肺水肿 D.端坐呼吸，夜间阵发性呼吸困难 64电复律治疗时，术后护理不恰当的是：A持续24小时心电监护，常规低流量吸氧 B按时服用抗心律失常药 C禁食至清醒后2小时 D术后应立即下床活动65急性心肌梗死发病后24小时内致死的最常见原因是A.心源性休克 B. 急性右心衰 C.室性心律失常 C.急性左心衰竭 66不属于洋地黄中毒表现的是：A头晕、头痛，黄视 B恶心、呕吐 C心律失常 D水肿、蛋白尿67左心功能不全患者最早出现的典型症状是：A胃肠道症状 B心悸、乏力 C下肢水肿 D呼吸困难 68下列不符合胃溃疡癌变特点的有( )A.疼痛的规律性消失 B. 反酸烧心加重 C. 进行性贫血，体型明显变瘦D.大便隐血持续性阳性 69消化性溃疡最常见的并发症是：A穿孔 B癌变 C幽门梗阻 D出血 70肝性脑病的护理措施中，最重要的环节是：A严密观察病情，强基础护理 B消除诱发因素 C做好知识宣教 D注意休息保暖 71对诊断尿路感染最有意义的是A.尿频、尿急、尿痛 B. 清洁中段尿培养细菌计数105/ml C.畏寒、发热、头痛 D. 清洁中段尿白细胞 5/H P 72有关肾源性水肿的护理措施不正确的是：A保持皮肤清洁，各种穿刺前严格皮肤消毒 B一律给予低盐低蛋白饮食 C定期对病室进行消毒 D静脉输液控制滴速和总量73尿毒症贫血的主要原因为：A造血物质缺乏 B红细胞破坏加快 C促红细胞生成素减少 D失血增多 74特发性血小板减少性紫癜首选的治疗是：A免疫抑制剂 B脾切除术 C肾上腺皮质激素 D输血小板 75对白血病患者进行健康教育的内容中，错误的是：A化疗期间每天尿量至少达2000ml B坚持服药，了解不良反应C少量多餐，化疗前后2小时内避免进食 D注意保暖，预防感染 76环磷酰胺的副作用不包括： A骨髓抑制 B中毒性肝炎 C出血性膀胱炎 D脱发，电解质紊乱77某女，38岁。体型肥胖。近三月感乏力，伴外阴瘙痒就诊。两次检测空腹血糖均11.0mmol/L。尿中未检出酮体，诊为2型糖尿病。对该患者的护理指导以下哪一项不正确？A胰岛素治疗为首选 B严格饮食治疗，降低体重，增加运动锻炼 C口服双胍类药物 D经常监测血糖、血脂和血压78糖尿病饮食原则不包括：A主食中糖供能应占50%60% B每日限制脂肪摄入量，肥胖者减少热量摄入 C三餐分配为1/5、2/5、2/5 D少食纤维食物 79脑出血患者应绝对卧床休息： A1周 B2周 C3周 D4周 80血液缓冲系统中最重要的缓冲对是：A细胞内磷酸盐缓冲系统 B血红蛋白缓冲系统 C血浆中蛋白缓冲系统 D碳酸氢盐缓冲系统