托福写作中的“二十二条戒律”.docx

托福写作之挖掘句子多样性在托福写作中该如何使句式多样，想必也是困扰很多考生的一个问题!本次前程百利小编就搜集和整理了一部分托福写作句子多样性的技巧，希望对大家有所帮助!一、英语写作的特点.The characteristics of formal writing1.名词化趋势I do not eat much.-I am a light eater.The clock on the desk reminds me of time.-I put a clock on the desk as a reminder of time.We once cried, laughed and disappointed.-There were moments of tears, moments of laughter, and moments of disappointment.注意:名词化趋势的句子当然还有动词, 目的是尽量把表达句子中心意思的那个词汇用名词表达.符合英文的习惯.2.无灵主语(区别于被动语态)我们中文写作中,习惯以人做主语,而英文则相反,习惯以物做主格.More and more young students studied further in the past two decades.-The past two decades witnessed a growing number of young students for further study.Looking out of the window, you will have a nice view.-A glance out of the window offers you a nice view.注意: 名词化趋势和无灵主语常常是相结合的.3.被动语态这一点大家比较熟悉,不详细讲.比如:Great efforts should be made to.What can not be denied is that.二、句式的写作:Main features of English sentences:1.长短句结合Love is patient and kind. It is never jealous, boastful, proud or rude. It keeps no record of wrong that others do. It always protects, always fruits, always hopes, and always perseveres. Love never fails.一般来讲,总结性的句子应当使用短句,而说理的句子应用长句.2.并列复合句这种句子属于十分难写的句子,也举一个例子:He who wants to save his life will lose it, and he who loses his life for me will save it.3.单一复合句也就是我们常说的各种从句,不再举例.三、Variety of sentences:1. ”-ing & -ed” groupse.g.(1)Standing by the riverside, the Master sighed,” May time go on and on like this, never ceasing day and night.”(2)Reviewing what one has learned and gaining new insights, one is fit to be a teacher.(3)Compared with the tradition, modernity is more dynamic.2. ”to do” groupse.g.To spend too much time in study is sloth; to use them too much for ornaments is affectation; to make any judgment wholly by their rules is the humor of the scholar.3. adverbSimply, amazingly, absurdly, broadly, practically and so one.g.Intelligently applied to daily life, modern technology will surely bring benefits to the well-being of the human race.4.介词短语In pursuit of, in spite of (注意平时自己的收集)e.g.In pursuit of excellence, ever pushing up the limit, life consists in the hope born of despair.5.主语从句e.g.What China needs is not more morals, but more prisons for politicians.句子的变化还有 It is self-evident(adj) that.和There be 这样的句子6.倒装(1)将一些否定性含义的副词和短语在句首,用倒装会使句子生色不少.Never before has such a high standard been achieved.Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.(2)为使描绘更加生动,与介词同形的副词可以移动到句首,而把主语放到谓语后面去.Following the roar, out rushed a tiger from the bushes.In came a pretty girl he had never seen before.四、插入语插入语可以是一个小词,也可以是一个同谓语的形式.1.先看一个小技巧：(对there be 句型均有效)There is, recently, a debate amongst educators that通俗的讲,在老外眼里,主语与谓语离的越远,句子的档次越高.2.插入语后面再接上一个定语从句;Direct experience, a necessary means to recognize the world, which differs from knowledge acquired from books, is a major step to the cognitive world.再看几个同谓语从句的例子:1.Television, one of the most pervasive and persuasive technologies, marked by the rapid growth and drastic change, has a profound impact on peoples lives.2.Courage, a basic quality that every human being is supposed to possess when facing a dilemma, is highly cherished among young people.3. Convention, generally accepted practice especially with regard to social behavior, has now been increasingly challenged.平时要多积累这样的句型,使之变成自己的语言.Tip:对同谓语的解释尽量