新2复习要点.doc

新概念2Lesson 1一、 句子具有完整的主谓结构被称之为句子。二、 句子的关系： 主谓关系eg:My father is sleeping . 爸爸正在睡觉。主语 谓 语I can sing . 我会唱歌。主语 谓 语 主谓宾关系eg：He often rides a bike . 他经常骑自行车。主 谓语 宾语I have already had lunch . 我已经吃了午餐。主 谓 状 宾They will buy a new book . 他们将要买一本新书。主语 谓语 宾语I made a mistake yesterday . 昨天我犯了一个错误。主 谓语 宾语 状语I like cats . *like后加名词复数 我喜欢猫。主 谓语 宾语 主系表关系（是指谓语动词是系动词）eg：He is happy every day . 他每天都很开心。主 系 表I am often angry . 我经常生气。主 系 状 表 My mother is a doctor . 我妈妈是一名医生。主语 系 表He feels very sad . 他感觉很伤心。主 系 表 主谓宾宾关系eg：He gave me ten money yesterday . 昨天他给我10元钱。主 谓语 宾 宾He gave me a book just now . 刚才他给我一本书。主 谓 宾 宾 I showed him a photo / picture . 我给他看一张照片。主 谓语 宾语 宾语 主谓宾宾补关系（补语是指对宾语的补充说明）eg：I think the room clean . 我认为房间很干净。主 谓 宾 宾补She wanted me to give her some money. 她想让我给她点钱。主 谓 宾语 宾补He found the old man standing by the road. 他发现那位老人站在路边。主 谓 宾语 宾补We saw the road covered with snow. 我们看见路上覆盖着雪。主 谓 宾语 宾补课堂练习：1 我爸爸打算买一辆自行车。My father is going to buy a bike .主语 谓语 宾语2 他感到很热。He feels very hot *形容词不能作宾语只能作表语主 系 表3去年爸爸给我一份礼物。My father gave me a present last year .主语 谓语 宾语 状语4我的朋友正在吃东西My friend is eating .主语 谓语5我认为他很脏。I think him dirty .主 谓语 宾 宾补6椅子下有一只猫。There is a cat under the chair .主 系 表 地点状语7他经常大声的讲话。He often speaks loudly .主 频度状语 谓语 方式状语8他不是我的老师。He isnt my teacher .主 系 表9他正在踢足球。He is playing football .主 谓 宾10我给他一封信。I sent him a letter .主 谓语 宾 宾11老师正在坐着。The teacher is sitting .主语 谓语12妈妈认为她很可爱。My mother thinks her lovely . 主语 谓语 宾 宾补13他将要买辆新车。He will buy a new car .主 谓语 宾语14爸爸已经打我了。My father has hit me .主语 谓语 宾15我不会开车。I cant drive .主 谓语16妈妈打算做晚餐。My mother is going to cook dinner .主语 谓语 宾语17他通常在六点出去。He usually goes out at six .主 频度状语 谓语 时间状语18他不是我的哥哥。He isnt my brother . 主 系 表19我递给他一把尺子。I gave him a ruler.主 谓 宾 宾20老师认为我们淘气。The teacher thinks us naughty .主语 谓语 宾 宾补21他昨天在操场上热情地跟我打招呼。He greeted me warmly on the playground yesterday . 22.上个星期我的爸爸在家里生气地打了我。My father hit me angrily at home last week . 三、 句子成分 主语 n. pron. ving. to do . 从句，都可以作主语 谓语 v. 表语宾语: n. pron. adj . to do . num . 从句 (表语) n. pron. ving . to do . 从句。 (宾语) 方式状语 地点状语 时间状语写句子关系：1She is my best friend . 主系表。2She bought me a book . 主谓宾宾3She can dance well . 主谓4She finds it lovely . 主谓宾宾补5She likes yellow . 主谓宾具体成分主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、（时间状语、地点状语、目的状语等）如:（1）他打算去北京。He is going to BJ. (2)他跑得快。He runs quickly / fast . (3)他将要下个月给我一份礼物。He will give me a present next month . (4)此刻他感到很热。He is hot at the moment . 课堂练习She went to DL yesterday . She made a mistake yesterday . Frank look at the teacher curiously in the classroom just now . I want to be a girl .我想成为一个女孩。 不定式作宾语四、陈述句说明一个事实或陈述某人的观点的句子叫陈述句包括肯定句和否定句。共有五种关系主谓、主谓宾、主系表、主谓宾宾、主谓宾宾补。所谓陈述语序就是主语+谓语+（或其它）例如：1I am a teacher (主系表) 2I like English . ( 主谓宾) 3He gives me a smile every day . (主谓宾宾) 4The teacher thinks Tony clever . (主谓宾宾补) 宾补5He left last night (主谓) 课堂练习：1他们昨天在公园里做游戏。They played games in the park yesterday . 2.我的爸爸在1990年时是一个快乐的工程师。My father was a happy engineer in 1990 . 3他们经常很高兴地唱歌。They often sing happily . 短语：1）私人的谈话： private conversation 2)注意某人或某物： pay attention to sb./sth.3)出差： on business 4)此事与你无关，不关你的事： its none of your business 5)就坐： take ones seat please sit down please 6)去看戏： go to the theatre 7)生气： be angry = get angry 8)与谁生气. be angry with 9)回头，转身 turn round = turn around 10)最终，最后，终于 in the end = at last 11)喜欢做某事 enjoy doing sth. 12)过得愉快，玩得开心 enjoy oneself = have a good time 13)喜欢（泛指长时间的喜欢） like doing sth. 喜欢（特指某一特定时期，短期的喜欢）like to do sth.单词：1private adj. 私人的。.private school 私立学校.private house 私人住宅.private car 私家车。2conversation n. 谈话短语1：private conversation 私人谈话This is a private conversation 这是一个私人谈话。短语2：its none of your business 与你无关。短语3：go to the theatre 去看戏。I often go to the play .我经常去看戏。 .go to the cinema 去看电影3seat 座位 sit 坐短语4：sit = take ones seat 就坐，坐下Can I sit down ? = May I take my seat ? 4angry adj. 修饰名词或代词 .angrily adv. 修饰动词My mother went out angrily 。 妈妈生气地出去了刘老师很是生气，她总是很生气地对我讲话。Missliu is angry , she always speaks to me angrily . 5rude adj. 粗鲁 He is a rude man . 他是一个粗鲁的人。 .rudely adv. 粗鲁地 I dont want to be a rude person . 我不想成为一个粗鲁的人。Dont speak rudely 。不要那样粗鲁的讲话。He speaks rudely . 他讲话很粗鲁。他很粗鲁，他总是粗鲁地对我讲话。He is very rude ,he always speaks to me rudely . 6loud adj. 大声 .loudly adv. 大声地他的声音很大，他经常大声地讲话。His voice is loud , he often speaks loudly . 他的声音很大。His voice is loud . 他每天都生气。He is angry every day . 昨天他生气地打了我。He hit me angrily yesterday . 我的朋友是一个粗鲁的人。My friend is a rude person . 我的朋友讲话很粗鲁。My friend speaks rudely . 短语5：be angry = get angry 生气He is angry every day = he gets angry every day .7.bear . n. 狗熊 v.容忍短语6：cant bear /stand/stick. 不能容忍。.beer 啤酒bread面包 deer梅花鹿 dear 亲爱的8attention n. 注意。 *Attention 立正！ 注意了！短语7：pay attention 注意 / pay attention to (+n动名词)注意 .Pay attention you ! (代词).Pay attention the boy. ( 名词) .Pay attention to doing your homework . 9business n.事情 生意Its none of your business . 不关你的事。Its none of the teachers business .不关老师的事。短语8：a very good seat 一个好座位；一个好位置。短语9：turn round = turn around 回头，转身。短语10：look at 看短语11：in the end = at last 最后*enjoy v.享受、欣赏、喜欢.短语12：enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事例： I enjoy watching TV. 我喜欢看电视。I dont enjoy playing football. 我不喜欢踢足球。.get 系动词“变得”后加形容词构成系表结构。I got /was very angry. 主系表The teacher gets angry. 老师生气了。My father got rude yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我爸爸变得粗鲁了。That boy was talking all the time, so the teacher got angry. 那个男孩一直在讲话，因此老师生气了。That girl turned round just now. 刚才那个女孩转身了。My father turned around just now. 刚才我爸爸回头了。The teacher didnt give us homework in the end .最后教师没给我们作业。The teacher smiled at last /in the end. 最后老师笑了。.or连接选择疑问句，不能用“yes ”或“no”来回答。作业：1我妈妈不是一个粗鲁的人。My mother isnt a rude woman.2.他讲话很粗鲁。He speaks rudely.3.我不能容忍我的弟弟。I cant bear my brother.4.他昨天生气了（两种）.He was angry yesterday .He got angry yesterday.5.他粗鲁的跟我讲话。He speaks to me rudely.6.我不想大声讲话。I dont want to speak loudly.7去年春天，我们去看戏了。We went to the theatre last spring .8那个淘气的男孩总是回头。That naughty boy always turns round.9最后老师变得很生气。In the end, teacher got angry .10那两个男孩经常有私人谈话。That two boys often have private conversation .11这是私人间的谈话。This is a private conversation .12.他的声音很大，因此他说话很大声。His voice is loud ,so he speaks loudly .13.他是一个很粗鲁的人，因此他说话很粗鲁。He is a rude man, so he speaks rudely .14.妈妈很生气，因此她生气地打了我。My mother is very angry, so she hits me angrily .15.我不能忍受你。I cant bear you .I cant stand you .I cant stick you.16.这是私人间的谈话，与你无关。This is private conversation, its none of your business .17.妈妈经常生气。Mom is often angry.18.请注意老师。Please pay attention to teacher.19.我的弟弟非常淘气，妈妈不能够容忍了。My brother is very naughty, mom cant bear .20.如果你有时间，你可以去看戏。If you have time, you can see the play.21.他是一个十分粗鲁的人，所以他讲话很粗鲁。He is a rude man, so he speaks rudely .22.我喜欢看电视。I enjoy watching TV. = I like watching TV .23.我喜欢游泳，但是今天不喜欢。I like swimming, buy I dont like to swim today .24.我的妈妈经常在星期天打我。My mom always hits me on Sundays.25.此时此刻他们正在河里游泳。At the moment they are swimming on the river.26.上个星期六，我的爸爸给我买了一条连衣裙。My father bought me a dress at last Saturday.27.明年我的朋友将要出国。My friend will go abroad next year.28.这些天我没有吃肉。I hasnt eaten meat these days .Lesson 2一、 语法点：副词作状语的位置。1像oftenalwaysusuallynevereverjustalready等副词要放在助动词或be动词的后面，实意动词的前面，例如：我的弟弟有时候很伤心。My brother is sometimes very sad. 副词的特殊形式My brother is very sad sometimes.Sometimes my brother is very sad.他刚刚收到一份礼物。He has just received a present.他总是打他的小狗。He always hits his dog.2.副词yet标志着现在完成时，要放在否定句和疑问句的句末；副词sometimes 标志着一般现在时，既可放在句首也可放在句末，还可以放在副词的规定位置。例如： 妈妈还没有做完饭。My mother hasnt cooked yet. 他有时候下午踢足球（3种）Sometimes he plays football in the afternoon .He sometimes plays football in the afternoon .He plays football in the afternoon sometimes.3.像every day , every year . yesterday .tomorrow .just now 等时间状语通常放在句子的后面，但有时也可以放在句首。例如：三年前他买了一辆车。He bought a car three years ago.三年之后他们将要出国。They will go abroad in three years.a year ago = last year . 一年之后。 In 8 years 8年后。短语：1).直到才 not until 2).在星期天 on Sundays 3).乘火车 by train 4)如此晚 so late 5)在外面玩 play outside 6)起床： get up 7)上车 get on8). 下车 get off 9). 出来 get out of 10). 醒来 wake up 11).向窗外看 look out of the window .12). 天啊！ Dear me !13).多么糟糕的天气！ What a day !14).就在那时 just then 15). 吃早/午/晚餐 have breakfast/ lunch/ dinner .16）看 look at (指看的动作，而see指看的结果)16).抬头看、向上看 look up 17),拜访某人 look sb. up 18).查找 look up in (look up in a dictionary查字典)19).四周望望 look around 20).向外看 look out of 21).向下看 look down at sth.22).轻视，看不起 look down on / upon 23).向后看 look back 24).通过向里看 look through .25).当心，小心 look out 26).期望，盼望（好事） look forward to(介词) +名词/动名词/代词（不能加动原）27)寻找 look for (指找的动作或过程，而find表示找的结果)28).照顾，照看 look after .29). 旁观 look on 30).躺在床上 stay in bed .单词：1not until 直到才 I didnt get up until 10 oclock .直到十点钟我才起床I didnt go to my grandma until Monday .直到周一才到姥姥家。My mother didnt wash clothes until 8 oclock .直到八点钟妈妈才洗完衣服。 2. ring rang rung v.铃响、电话响 n.戒指The ring is made of gold . .戒指是金子做的。If the bell rings, we can play outside .如果铃响了我们就可以出去玩。3repeat v.重复.mother-in-law 婆婆，岳母 father-in-law 公公、岳父.sister-in-law 嫂子，小姑子 brother-in-law 小舅子，小叔子.great grandfather 太爷 great mother 太奶 great great grandfather曾曾祖父.brother 兄、弟 sister 姐、妹 cousin 表兄弟、姐妹 nephew 侄子、外甥.husband 丈夫 wife 妻子 son 儿子 daughter 女儿 twins 双胞胎课文分析1follow 跟随2never 一般现在时3On Sundays 在星期天，复数表示经常性4stay in bed 躺在床上，卧床休息5Look out of the window .向窗外看6What a day!鬼天气！感叹句7Just then 就在那时= at the moment = at that time 8My aunt Lucy 同位语9by train 乘火车10Im coming to see you ! 我将去看你。*come goleavearrive 等趋向性动词，放在进行时中表达将来的含义。eg: The bus is coming 车要来了。Im going 我要走了The train is arriving. 火车就要来了The boss is leaving. 老板就要走了。I am coming to see you. 我要来看你。The train is leaving for Xian. 火车要驶往西安。11Dear me!天哪！12so late 如此晚13frequently = often 经常，一般现在时，Im frequently angry 。我经常生气。14rarely = seldom 极少的。一般现在时 *frequently 含义为“时常的，频繁的”相当于“ often”，“ rarely”和“ seldom”含义为“极少的，很少的”标志着一般现在时，并且都放在规定的位置上。例：他时常来看我。He frequently comes to see me.妈妈很少打我（2种）.My mother rarely hits me .My mother seldom hits me .作业：1.下到星期三我才写完这封信。I didnt write this letter until Wednesday .2.我们不可以在外面玩。 We cant play outside.3.直到星期五爸爸才打我。My father didnt hit me until Friday .4.我经常去我的姑姑家。I often go my aunts. 5.不要重复我说的话。Dont repeat what I said.6.我从来不在外面玩。I have never played outside.7.我们很少去动物园。（2种）We rarely / seldom go to the zoo .8.我弟弟经常踢足球（2种）My brother frequently / often plays football .9.我的哥哥迈克很胖。My brother Mike is very fat . 10.火车就要离开了。The train is leaving .11.你就要走了吗？Are you going?12.你总是起床如此地晚吗？Do you always get up so late?练习册：1In advance 预先，提前2towards 朝，向3in summer 季节前不加“the”4. on Wednesday afternoon 在具体某天的上午、下午、晚上要用介词“on”.in the afternoon 5感叹句的结构：What + a/an +adj. +主+谓+！ 主语和谓语通常被省略掉例：多么可爱的男孩啊！What a lovely boy! (he is )这是么漂亮的花啊！What a beautiful flower! (this is )多好喝的牛奶啊！What delicious milk! (it is )6. a piece of furniture . 一件家具（不可数）7hall 大厅 dining hall 食堂8remark 评论，评说.at the moment :此时此刻（ 有实意动词- 现在进行时） 目前为止 (没有实意动词-一般现在时）例如：目前为止我是一名老师。At the moment I am a teacher .练习：1.我的爸爸从来不打我。My father has never hit me.2.自从他十岁的时候，他就弹钢琴。He has played the piano since he was ten .3.他还没有吃早餐呢。He hasnt eaten breakfast yet.4.到目前为目他还是一名小学生。He has been a pupil up to now .5.他们打算一年以后出国。They are going to go abroad in a years.6.他的妈妈很少生气。His mother is rarely angry.7.孩子们没有正在游过那条河。Children arent swimming across the river.8.几天前他们犯了个错误。The other day they made a mistake.9.他们刚才唱了一首歌。We sang a song just now.作业：1.几天前，我没有打你。I didnt hit you the other day.2.刚才，他哭了吗？Did he cry just now?3.在1998年时，你是中学生吗？Were you a middle school student in 1998?4.在那个时候，我没有犯错误。I didnt make a mistake at that moment (常用于一般过去时).5.一年以前，他买了一个新书包。He bought a new bag last year.6.去年，你都干了些什么？What did you do last year?Lesson 3 一般过去时时间状语：.long long ago = once upon a time 很久很久以前Three days ago 三天前 two years ago 两年前 a year ago 一年前.yesterday. yesterday morning . yesterday afternoon . yesterday evening . .last week上周期last month 上个月 last year 去年 last night 昨天晚上the week before last 大上个星期 the night before last 前天夜里 the month before last 大上个月 the year before last 前年 the day before yesterday in the morning /afternoon /evening 前天早上/下午/晚上.in 1998(在过去某一年用in + 过去年份) .on May the fifth 在5月5日.just now 刚才 at that moment = at that time . .the other(几个前,后面+单数表时间的名词)如the other day 几天前例如：1.在那个时候他们很富有。They were very rich at that time .2.刚才你做了些什么？What did you do just now?3.几天前他买了房子。He bought a house the other day.4.前天夜里我们吃了西瓜。We ate watermelon the night before last.5.去年我不是20岁。I wasnt 20 years old last year.6.几天前他们没有生气。They werent angry the other day.7刚才你在肉店吗？Were you at the butchers just now?8.昨天你去动物园了吗？Did you go to the zoo yesterday?9.他们昨天去了北京。They wen