宾语从句.doc

一概念：宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。I like my teacher.（名词作宾语)I know him .（代词作宾语）I know that Mr Li teaches English. (句子作宾语）句子结构：主句+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句二宾语从句三要素（中考考点）：连接词（引导词）、语序、时态。（一）连接词（引导词）1. that 当陈述句变为宾语从句时，用that 连接，而且that可省略。注：that 在句中无意义，在从句中不充当成分，口语中可省略。eg. You are a student. (改为宾语从句) I know (that) you are a student.I hear (that) he will back in an hour. (一小时后他会回来) He said (that) he missed us very much. (他非常想念我们)The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.（地球围着太阳转）2. whether/if当一般疑问句变为宾语从句时，用if 或whether连接.eg. Are you a student?I wonder if /whether you are a student.I want to know if /whether he will go to the park with us. (他是否跟我们一起去公园) Ask him whether/if he can come. (他是否能来) I dont know whether it is going to rain or not. (是否要下雨)if 与whether 的区别1）I dont know he will come or not. 与or not 连用只能用whether2）I dont care of he is handsome. 介词后只能用whether3）He wondered to stay here next week. 与to do 不定式连用只能用whether4）_ he will come is not decided. 作主语只能用whether3.特殊疑问词：当特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，用疑问词作连接词（即保留疑问词不变）连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及连接副词 when, where, how, whyWhere are you going?I dont know where you are going.1). He asked who could answer the question. (谁能回答这个问题）2). Do you know whom they are waiting for_. （他们在等谁）3). Please tell me when well have a meeting. （我们什么时候开会）4). Can you tell me where he is . （他在哪儿）5). Could you tell me _how I can get to the station. （我该怎么去车站）6). Would you tell me _why the train is late.（为什么火车迟到了）（二）语序：陈述句语序 即：陈述句结构（主+谓+其他成分）将下列句子换成陈述句语序1. Is there a bank near here? There is a bank near here.2. Are they doing homework? They are doing their home work.Do you know _?A. where does she live B. she lives whereC. where she lives D. where she live2Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find _?A. what Lily was B. what was LilyC. where Lily was D. where was Lily（三）时态(时态一致性）1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是_任何_时态。（主现从任）eg. I dont think (that) you are right. Please tell us where we will go fishing tomorrow. Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here?2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的_过去_时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。（主过从过）eg. He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. He said that his mother was cooking at that time yesterday.3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理或自然现象时，即使主句用了过去时，从句仍用 一般现在_ 时态。 eg. The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun. Light travels faster than sound. 1. His parents wanted to know what he _at that time.A. is doing B. was doing C. has done D. will do改错本课小结：作业一单选1. Could you tell me _the bike without any help this morning?A how does he mend B how he mends C how he mended D how did he mend2. I want to know_A what is his name B whats his name C that his name is D what his name is3.Jim doesnt understand_A. which is the way to the museumB. why his wife always goes shoppingC. what is the way to the museumD. why does she always go shopping4.Mr Smith asked us why _to school last week.A. didnt Ann go B. Ann didnt goC. Ann not to go D.Ann doesnt go5-Could you tell us how long _? -About three hours.A does the sports meeting last B. the sports meeting last C will the sports meeting last D the sports meeting will last 6.My friend didnt tell me _.A. which room he lived B which room did he live inC. he lived in which room D. which room he lived in 7.-Do you know_? -Next year.A. when he came here B. when did he come here C when he will come here D. when will he come here8.Please tell me_. A. where does he live B. where he live C. where lives he D. where he lives9 Do you know_?A. what time does the train leave B. what time the train leavesB. what time did the train leave D. what time will the train leave10 She didnt tell us _.A. how old the patient is B. how old was the patient C. how old the patient was D. how old is the patient一改错1. Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school.Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.2. Father told me the sun always rose in the east. Father told me the sun always rises in the east.3. He doesnt know that when she can come back.He doesnt know when she can come back.二用所给词的适当形式填空1. The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)2. The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)3. Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. 4. I hear he _ (return) it already. 5. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)6. He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do)7. The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel)8. I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk)9. I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be)10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write)11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _ _(move) around the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take)13. Ling Feng told me he _ to several times. (be)14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise)15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do)Keys: 1. will be 2. goes 3. were playing 4. has returned 5. had been 6. were doing 7. travels 8. are talking 9. were 10. wrote 11. moves 12. has taken 13. has been 14. rises 15.did三将下列句子合并为一句1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you say at the meeting? Could you tell me?3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 5. “I will come back.” Tom said. 6. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked. 7. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. 8. “How can I get to the station?” Could you tell me?9. “Why is the train late?” Would you t