微观经济各种曲线图

Totalrevenue總收入TR TR TR Q 0 Q MR AR AR MR 0 Averagerevenue平均收入 TR TR Q 0 Q MR AR AR MR 0 Marginalrevenue邊際收入 TR TR Q 0 Q MR AR AR MR 0 Perfectcompetition完全競爭 P Q d MR AR P MC AC AVC Q 0 Profitmaximization利潤最大化 P P Q MC D AR MR 0 MR MC profitmaximization Deadweightloss無謂損失 P Q PmPc QmQc S MC D AR MR 0 Monopolyrent壟斷租 P Q P Q MC D AR MR 0 AC AC Monopoly壟斷 P Q P Q MC D AR MR 0 AC Lawofdiminishingmarginalreturns邊際報酬遞減定律 TP Variablefactor 0 AP MP 0 Variablefactor TP Slope MP AP TPmax MPmax APmax AP MP Lawofdiminishingmarginalreturns Averageproductcurve平均生產曲線 TP Variablefactor 0 AP MP 0 Variablefactor TP Slope MP AP TPmax MPmax APmax AP MP Marginalproductcurve邊際生產曲線 TP Variablefactor 0 AP MP 0 Variablefactor TP Slope MP AP TPmax MPmax APmax AP MP Totalproductcurve總生產曲線 TP Variablefactor 0 AP MP 0 Variablefactor TP Slope MP AP TPmax MPmax APmax AP MP Totalfixedcost總固定成本 TC TFC TVC Slope MC AC TC TVC Slope MC AVC TFC Output AC AFC AVC MC MFC MVC Output 0 0 MC MVC AC AVC AFC MFC 0 Totalvariablecost總可變成本 TC TFC TVC Slope MC AC TC TVC Slope MC AVC TFC Output AC AFC AVC MC MFC MVC Output 0 0 MC MVC AC AVC AFC MFC 0 Totalcost總成本 TC TFC TVC Slope MC AC TC TVC Slope MC AVC TFC Output AC AFC AVC MC MFC MVC Output 0 0 MC MVC AC AVC AFC MFC 0 Averagefixedcost平均固定成本 TC TFC TVC Slope MC AC TC TVC Slope MC AVC TFC Output AC AFC AVC MC MFC MVC Output 0 0 MC MVC AC AVC AFC MFC 0 Averagevariablecost平均可變成本 TC TFC TVC Slope MC AC TC TVC Slope MC AVC TFC Output AC AFC AVC MC MFC MVC Output 0 0 MC MVC AC AVC AFC MFC 0 Averagecost平均成本 TC TFC TVC Slope MC AC TC TVC Slope MC AVC TFC Output AC AFC AVC MC MFC MVC Output 0 0 MC MVC AC AVC AFC MFC 0 Marginalcost邊際成本 TC TFC TVC Slope MC AC TC TVC Slope MC AVC TFC Output AC AFC AVC MC MFC MVC Output 0 0 MC MVC AC AVC AFC MFC 0 First degreepricediscrimination一級價格分歧 MC D MUV MR P Q 0 Third degreepricediscrimination三級價格分歧 P P P Q Q Q P1 DA MRA MRB DB MRA B DA B PA 0 PB QA QB MarketA MarketB BothMarkets MC Q Lawofdemand需求定律 A B D P Q 0 Lawofsupply供給定律 S P Q 0 A B EquilibriumPrice均衡價格 0 P Q S D Pe Surplus盈餘 0 P Q S D Pe Qe Excesssupply Shortage短缺 0 P Q S D Pe Qe Excessdemand Priceceiling價格下限 Q Priceceiling P S D MarketPrice Blackmarketprice 0 Excessdemand Pricefloor價格上限 S D 0 Labour Wagerate W1 We W0 Q1 Q2 Minimumwage Surplus Elasticdemand高彈性需求 P Q D 0 D a b M ElasticDemand Inelasticdemand低彈性需求 P Q D 0 D a b M InelasticDemand Perfectlyelasticdemand完全彈性需求曲線 P Q 0 D Perfectlyinelasticdemand完全無彈性需求曲線 P Q 0 D Unitaryelasticdemandcurve單一彈性需求曲線 P Q 0 D Lossinrevenue Gaininrevenue Gaininrevenue Gain Loss Budgetconstraint預算限制 0 1 3 2 5 4 1 3 2 GoodX Q R S P GoodY Indifferencecurve無異曲線 1 3 2 4 5 1 3 2 0 4 5 GoodX B A D C IC utility 10 GoodY Utilitymaximization效用最大化 0 GoodX B E C D L IC1 IC2 IC3 GoodY Salestax銷售稅 0 Q S2 S1 Tax D P Seller sburden Consumer sburden Subsidy補貼 0 Q S2 S1 Subsidy D P Seller sbenefit Consumer sbenefit Consumersurplus消費者盈餘 0 Q Totalexchangevalue Price D MUV P Consumer ssurplus Economiesofscale規模經濟 0 Output LRAC economiesofscale Qm Diseconomiesofscale規模不經濟 0 Output LRAC diseconomiesofscale Qm Producersurplus生產者的盈餘 Q S P 0 Economicrent經濟租 Price S D Q1 P1 Unitsofafactor 0 Economicrent Transferearning轉移收入 Price S D Q1 P1 Unitsofafactor 0 Transferearning All or nothingPricing全量或零售定價 Q 0 MUV All or nothingdemand AUV1 P1 P2 P Q1 Q2 Contractionarymonetarypolicy收縮性貨幣政策 r M 0 Ms Ms Md Expansionarymonetarypolicy擴張性貨幣政策 r M 0 Ms Ms Md Equilibriuminmoneymarket貨幣市場的均衡 r M 0 Ms Md Paradoxofthrift節儉之迷 E E 0 0 Y Y S S S S I I Yf Yf Ye Ye Ye Ye Expansionaryfiscalpolicy擴張性財政政策 E 0 Y Yf Ye Y line 45 E E Contractionaryfiscalpolicy收縮性財政政策 E 0 Y Yf Ye Y line 45 E E Deflationarygap緊縮缺口 E 0 Y Yf Ye Y line 45 E G R DG InflationaryGap膨脹缺口 E 0 Y Yf Ye Y line 45 E G F IG Liquiditytrap流動之迷 E 0 Y Yf LM1 IS LM2 Crowding outeffect排擠效果 r 0 Y Yf LM IS2 IS1 Y2 Y1 crowding outeffect r2 r1 LMCurveLM曲線 r 0 Y LM Y2 Y1 r2 r1 ISCurveIS曲線 r 0 Y IS Y2 Y1 r2 r1 Phillipscurve菲利蒲士曲線 0 Rateofchangeofmoneywagerates p a Unemployment Quota配額 GoodX Worldmarketprice P S D 0 Q Pt Pe Q1 Q2 Tariff關稅 GoodX Worldmarketprice P S D 0 Pt Pe Q1 Q2 b d c e a f T Q3 Q4 Averagepropensitytoconsume Y E 0 a C C Y Slopes APC Marginalpropensitytoconsume Y E 0 a C Slopes MPC Backwardbendinglaborsupply向後彎曲勞力供應曲線 Income 0 Wagerate C B A C B A 0 Slope W3 Slope W2 Slope W1 Work 24 hours Leisure W1 W2 W3 Quantitysuppliedoflabor J