【中考】常考单词和短语具体用法大总结（1）.doc

【中考】常考单词和短语具体用法大总结（1）同学们经常会遇到这样的情况，明明记了很多单词和短语，分数却迟迟提不上来。这是因为记住了不等于会用，只有会用的时候，才说明真正掌握了一个单词或词组，才能在考试中游刃有余！1. cost / take / spend / pay 花费花费时间做某事 ：It takes sb some time to do sth . = sb spend some time （in）doing sth .= sb spend some time on sth .某人花钱买某物 ：sb spend some money on sth .= sb pay some money for sth.= sth cost sb . some money .注意： cost 和 pay 只指花费钱，take 只指花费时间，spend 可以指花费钱也可以指花费时间。 spend 和 pay 主语都是人， cost 主语是物，take 一般用于 It takes sb some time to do sth. 句型中。2. thanks for 为.而感谢Thanks for inviting me to your birthday party .谢谢你邀请我来你的生日聚会。thanks to 多亏/由于Thanks to your help. I got good grades .幸亏你的帮助，我才取得好成绩。3. 多么.what + 名词；how +形容词/副词What bad weather ！多么糟糕的天气啊！How hard he works ！ 他工作多么努力啊！What fresh vegetables ！ 多么新鲜的蔬菜啊！How cute a monkey it is ！ 它是一只多么可爱的猴子啊！4 .因为.；由于.because（连词）+从句because of（介词短语）+ 名词（短语）I didnt go to school because I had a headache.因为我头疼，所以我没去上学。He was late for class because of the bad weather .由于糟糕的天气，他上课迟到了。注意：because和 so不能同时连用 。5 .来自be from = come fromWhere are you from ？= Where do you come from？你来自哪里？6 .How often 多久一次（对频率提问）How long 多久（对一段时间提问）How soon多久以后（对将来时间提问）How far 多长（询问多长距离） How long have you been collecting the kites ？你收集风筝多长时间了？For ten years.十年了。 How often do you go shopping ？你多久购物一次？Sometimes.有时。 How soon will your father come back ？你爸爸多久以后回来？In two years.两年后。 How far is it from your home to school ？从你家到学校多远？About ten miles.大概十英里。7 . 乘坐交通工具take a / the +交通工具by+交通工具=on a 交通工具交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane.He takes a bus to bank.= He goes to bank by bus.他乘坐公共汽车去银行。注意：骑自行车、马或驴用rideride ones bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey8 . 对不起Excuse me （劳驾，客套话）Sorry （表示道歉）Excuse me. Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ？打扰一下，成都的天府广场在哪里？Dont eat in class.不要在课堂上吃东西。Sorry.Ms Clark .对不起，Clark小姐。9 . 声音sound （自然界的各种声音）noise（噪音）voice（人的嗓音）Lucy has a sweet voice.露西有甜美的嗓音。Dont make noise.不要制造噪音。10. 像.look like （外貌看起来像 ）be like （性格像 ）Lily look like Lucy .莉莉长得像露西。Oh ， they are twins.哦，她们是双胞胎。Tony is like a monkey because he is cute and playful .托尼像只猴子，因为他可爱又爱玩耍。11. 拿， 带take to 带去bringto 带来fetch 取来 （强调一个来回）Tony , fetch the ball here. Please.托尼，请把那个球取来。My father often takes me to concerts on Sundays.周日，爸爸经常带我去听音乐会。Bring your homework to school tomorrow.明天，把你的作业带到学校来。12. 一些some 用于肯定句any 用于否定句和疑问句Id like some milk.Would you like some yogurt ？你想要一些酸奶吗？Thanks . I dont want any.谢谢，不用了。注意：在一般疑问句中，认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到对方肯定回答时，也用some。13. 多少How many修饰可数名词复数How much 修饰不可数名词How much juice do you want ？你想要多少果汁？How many apples do you want ？你想要多少苹果？注意：How much可对价钱提问：How much are the potatoes ？这些土豆多少钱？14. 看see 强调看的结果look （at ）不及物动词，强调看的动作watch 观看（带有观赏性质）read 读，朗读：看书、看报、看信、看杂志Dont read in bed.不要在床上看书。We will watch a basketball game this evening.今天晚上，我们将去看一场篮球比赛。Please look at the blackboard. Everyone.大家请看黑板。I saw a bird in the tree yesterday.昨天，我看到一只鸟在树上