福建省长泰县第二中学高考英语 Unit 15 自主学习导学案 新人教版选修10(1).doc

福建省长泰县第二中学2014高考英语 unit 1-5 自主学习导学案 新人教版选修10【学习目标】1. firmly master the usage of the words: aboard, equal, submit, decline, and improve the abilities to comprehend and memorize.2. through self-directed study and cooperative exploration, learn to analyze and summarize the method of appropriate expression. 3. experience the beauty of english with a strong passion and crazy english.i. words: 1.aboard adv. / prep. 在船（飞机,车等)上; 上船（飞机,车等)they were the last two to go aboard the ship. 他们是最后两位上船的。 he was already aboard the ship.他已经上船了。联系：board n.木板；甲板: the board split in half.那块板劈成了两半。n. 委员会;董事会; (政府的)部,局：he has recently joined the board of the company. 他最近加入了该公司的董事会。 v.上船（车、飞机等) the passengers boarded the plane at 9 a.m. 乘客九点登机。拓展：broad adj. 宽阔的, 广阔的, 宽敞的； abroad adv. 在国外；到海外；go abroad 出国； at home and abroad 国内外2. behave v. 举动；举止；行为表现； behavior n. 行为方式；举止 vt. behave (oneself)：children, please behave yourself! 孩子们，行为规矩些。 -behaved 举止的： well-/ill-/badly-behaved children 举止好/差的孩子们3. allocate v. 配给；分配 allocation n. 分配；配置；安置 allocate sth for the government decided to allocate funds for repair work. 政府决定为维修工作拨款。allocate sb sth /allocate sth to sb: he allocated each of us all tasks. = he allocated tasks to each of us. 他给我们每个人分配了工作。 4. equal adj. 平等的；相等的；胜任的be in在(某方面)相等 not all men areequalin ability. 人的能力不都是一样的。 be to 与相等: tom is equal to jack in height. 汤姆和杰克一样高。胜任: he is equal to this occasion. 他能应付这种场合。5. competent adj.有能力的， 能胜任的 (联系短语9. be up to)he is said to be competent at/ in his research work.（某人）能胜任工作it is said that he is competent to do his research work. 能够做某事6. prohibit vt. 禁止；阻止 prohibition n.禁止；禁令the law prohibits tobacconists from selling cigarettes to children. 法律严禁烟草商向孩子出售香烟。联系：阻止、禁止：prevent/ stop/ keep/ ban sb from doing / n.；forbid sb to do, forbid doing; 保护免受: protectfrom7. submit v.; submission n.屈服；服从；投降; submissive adj. 顺从的；服从的 呈递,上交: all the key problems must be submitted to the committee for discussion. 所有重要问题都必须提交至委员会商量。服从； 顺从； its the duty of a soldier to submit (himself) to the army. 军人服从军队是天职。8. resemble vt. 像；类似 (无进行无被动)； resemblance n. 相似；相似物she resembles her father in character but not in looks/ appearance.= she is like her father in character but not in looks/ appearance.她与父亲在性格上相似，但在长相上不相似。9. consult vt. 请教；咨询； vt. 查阅；查看； vi. 与人商量 if you come across the unknown words while reading, youd better not consult your dictionary at once. 阅读时如果遇到生词，最好不要马上查阅字典。（联系refer to）i suggest you consult your doctor about your stomachache.关于胃痛，我建议你去咨询医生。 用法：consult sb. about sth. 关于某事向某人咨询或请教；consult with sb.与某人商量10. decline v.拒绝（接受某物）；谢绝 （同义词：refuse, reject）：decline an invitation to dinner 谢绝宴请 衰弱，下降：her influence declined after she lost the election. 选举失败后，她的影响下降了。ii. phrases:1. give way to 妥协; 屈服; 转为the company gave way to the workers demand.as winter gave way to spring, the days began to lengthen. 冬天过去,春天来了，天开始变长。联系: give off 发出（蒸汽、光等）； give out 分发，用完，发布； give up 放弃，交出； give in 屈服，上交； give away 泄露，出卖2. have no use for sb /sth 厌恶； 对 不耐烦 i have no use for people who are always complaining. 我对那些总抱怨的人无耐心了。联系： come into use 开始被使用; in use 在使用中; make use of利用;3. cannotenough /too 无论怎样也不过分i cannot thank you enough. 我对你真是感激不尽。you can not be too careful. 你越仔细越好。联系：否定+比较级，表最高级： how beautifully she sings! i have never heard a better voice. 她唱的真好听，我从没听过比这更动听的声音。4. 祈使句（名词短语） + and/ or+句子（一般将来时）stand over there and youll be able to see it better .站在那里你就能看得更清楚。5. hand短语： hand over 交接 ；传递 the king decided to hand over power to the elected government.国王打算将权力移交给民选政府。hand sth. down (to sb.) 传递； 传下去most of my clothes were handed down to me by my elder brother.我的大多数衣服都是哥哥穿过的。hand in 上交hand sth. out (to sb.) 分发；分配6. keep短语：keep sb. on 继续留用某人: you are not fit for the job. we cant keep you on. 你不适合这项工作。我们不能继续留用你了。 keep up（天气）持续不断； 保持（情绪）lets hope the sunny weather keeps up for saturdays tennis match. 但愿星期六网球比赛时还是这样的好天气。 keep to sth. 遵守； 信守 (联系observe)things will only work out if we all keep to the plan. 只有大家遵守计划，事情才能成功。 keep (sb./sth.) out (of sth) 阻止在外面 keep sb. up使某人熬夜 (联系：stay up/ sit up) keep off 远离，不接近，（雨、雪等）未下7. pack 短语：pack up 打包； 整理； 停止工作he has packed up the papers. 他已经把文件包装好了。pack sth. out 挤满； 充满the houses were packed out whenever she was singing. 每当她唱歌时，房子里总是挤满了人。pack off 送走; 打发走 she packed the children off to bed. 她把孩子全打发去睡觉了。pack in/into 挤进all six of us packed into the tiny car.我们六个人全挤进了那辆小轿车里。8. live 短语：live up to sth. 实践(原则；誓言)he was a man who lived up to his promises. 他是一个信守诺言的人。live through sth. 经历；经受he has lived through both world wars. 他经历了两次世界大战。live out 活过；实践the patient lived out another fortnight. 这个病人又活了两个星期。she lived out her dream by devoting her whole life to the education.她一生致力于教育，实现了自己的梦想。ive on sth. 靠为生,以为主食：sheep live on grass. 羊以草为生（主食）。 9. be up to 由某人决定：its up to sb to do 由某人决定作某事 its up to you to choose where we should go 由你来决定我们去哪里。直到，到为止（用于地点、数量、程度、时间等） our history textbooks only go up to the world war .我们的历史教科书仅写到第二次世界大战。胜任：be up to (doing) sth. 胜任(做)某事he is not up to work.他不胜任这项工作。延伸： up to now /then 直到现在/那时count up to twenty 数到二十 up to date最新式的10. get round: 说服： she knows how to get round her father. 她知道如何说服她的父亲。一个聪明的律师可能找到帮他逃脱罚款的办法。11. see through 看穿：skeptical reviewe