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Unit4DiogenesandAlexander GilbertHighet 1Theauthor2Term3Questions Abouttheauthor GilbertHighet 1906 1978 WasborninGlasgow ScotlandEducatedinGlasgowandatOxford1938 1972 AClassicalliteratureprofessorInColumbiaUniversity knownforhisscholarlyandcriticalwritingsWritings theAnatomyofsatire KingofMacedonia sonofKingPhilipII wasapupilofAristotle Attheageofeighteen intheMacedonianconquestofGreeceIn336BC becometheheadofPhilip sGreekLeague In334BC conqueredAsiaMinor defeatedthePersianfleet marchedasfarasIndia Egypt In323BC diedattheageof32 AlexanderIII 356 323BC Diogenes AGreekphilosopherOneofthefoundersofCynicphilosophyAlsoknownasDiogenesofSinope DiogenestheCynic orDiogenestheDog BorninSinope modern daySinopinTurkey acolonyontheBlackSea in412BCor404BCanddiedatCorinth k rin 科林斯湾 in323BC StatueofDiogenes TheCorinthiansbuildapillaronwhichrestedadogofmarbletomemorizehim thefundamentalprinciplesofCynicism 犬儒主义 1 ThegoaloflifeishappinesswhichistoliveinagreementwithNature 2 Happinessdependsonbeingself sufficient andamasterofmentalattitude 3 Theroadtovirtueistofreeoneselffromanyinfluencesuchaswealth fame orpower whichhavenovalueinNature Achilles ThesculptureofAchilles Achilles Achilleswasthesonofthemortal 凡人 Peleus 希神 珀琉斯 andtheNereid 海中仙女 Thetis 希神 西蒂斯 HewasthemightiestoftheGreekswhofoughtintheTrojanWar 希神 特洛伊战争 andwastheheroofHomer sIliad 伊利亚特 Hercules Heracles thesonofthegodZeus 希神 宙斯 HeisthefirstHerooftheancientGreekMythology 神话 Hewasprestigious 受尊敬的 有声望的 ashaving madetheworldsafeformankind bydestroyingmanydangerousmonsters 恶魔 Hisself sacrifice 自我牺牲 obtainedhimtheascent 上升 totheOlympianrealms 领域 andhewaswelcomedbythegods Plato 427BC 347 A oneofthemostimportantGreekphilosophers B foundedtheAcademyinAthens aninstitutiondevotedtoresearchandinstructioninphilosophyandthesciences C Hisworksonphilosophy politicsandmathematicswereveryinfluencialandlaidthefoundationsforEuclid ssystematicapproachtomathematics Plato Aristotle 384 322B C E A aGreekphilosopher astudentofPlatoandteacherofAlexandertheGreat B physics metaphysics poetry theater music logic rhetoric 修辞学 politics government ethics 伦理学 biology andzoology 动物学 C oneofthemostimportantfoundingfiguresinWesternphilosophy D createacomprehensivesystemofWesternphilosophy encompassingmoralityandaesthetics logicandscience politicsandmetaphysics Corinthisanancientcityabout48mileswestofAthensonthenarrowstretchoflandthatjoinsthePeloponnesetothemainlandofGreece CorinthwasanimportantcityinancientGreeceanditplayedamajorroleinthemissionaryworkoftheApostlePaul MediterraneanSeaThisinlandseaisborderedonthenorthbyEurope theeastbyAsia andinthesouthbyAfrica MajorsubdivisionsincludetheAdriaticSea AegeanSea BalearicSea TyrrhenianSea IonianSeaandLigurianSea IliaddescribestheactivitiesofafewweeksinthetenthyearoftheTrojanWar finalyear saidtohavebeenfoughtbetweentheGreeksandtheTrojans Thebackgroundofthestoryandthefinaloutcomeisnodirectstatement 伊利亚特 希腊手稿 Questions 1 Theywerenotquitesurewhetherornot Heknewtheyweremad para1 Whydidhethinkthattheotherpeopleweremad DoyouthinkDiogenesismad 2 Para16WhatdoesDioge
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