M3U1 Grammar名词性从句PPT课件.ppt

M3U1Grammarandusage 2 Heisafootballplayer Whathedoesistoplayfootball Thisishisjob Thisiswhathedoeseveryday somethingthat 3 Relatedconception 1 名词 表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词 2 名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分 名词在句中一般充当主语 宾语 表语和同位语 a TheboyisLiMing 主语 表语 b Ms Zhou amiddle agedlady teachesusEnglish 主语 同位语 宾语 相关概念 4 在英语的句子结构中 本来该由名词充当的主语 宾语 表语和同位语 由一个句子来充当 这个句子就叫名词性从句 名词性从句 名词性从句 主语从句 TheSubjectClause 宾语从句 TheObjectClause 表语从句 ThePredicativeClause 同位语从句 TheAppositiveClause 5 surprisedallthestudents a Thenews 主语 主语从句 露西昨天所做的 surprisedallthestudents WhatLucydidyesterday 6 Alloflifeisanactoflettinggo butwhathurtsthemostisnottakingamomenttosaygoodby 人生也许就是不断地放下 然而令人痛心的是 我都没能好好地与他们道别 7 isapity Thatyoumissedthechance Exercises 1 Thatweshallbelateiscertain 2 Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall It sknowntoallthattheearthisround It scertainthatweshallbelate 改为it作形式主语 主语从句 Itisapitythatyoumissedthechance it作形式主语 8 用it作形式主语 常见句型 1 Itis 名词 从句e gItisafactthat 事实是 Itisnowonderthat 难怪 Itiscommonknowledgethat 是常识2 Itis 形容词 从句e g Itisnecessarythat 有必要 Itisclearthat 很清楚 Itis un likelythat很 不 可能 3 Itis 过去分词 从句e g Itissaidthat 据说 Itisreportedthat 据报道 Ithasbeenprovedthat 已证明 Itmustbepointedoutthat 必须指出 4 It 不及物动词 从句e g Itseems appears that 好象是 Ithappenedtomethat 碰巧 Ithasturnedoutthat 结果是 Challengeyourselftomakeupsomesentences 9 主语从句 1 ThatIcanpaybackthehelppeoplegivememakesmehappy 2 Whetherhe llbeabletocomeisnotyetknown 3 Whytheyhavenotleftyetisnotclearsofar 4 Itwasgoodnewsthateveryonegotbacksafely 归纳主语从句在复合句中作 语 一般放于 主句谓语动词之前 但当用it作形式主语 主语从句则放于 主 句首 主句之后 10 a Idon tknowtheboy 宾语 b Idon tknow 他已经完成了工作 thathehasfinishedhiswork c Idon tknow 他是否已完成了工作 whetherhehasfinishedhiswork 宾语从句 11 Ifeveryunfoldingweexperiencetakesusfurtheralonginlife then wearetrulyexperiencingwhatlifeisoffering 如果我们在人生中体验的每一次转变都让我们在生活中走得更远 那么 我们就真正的体验到了生活想让我们体验的东西 12 Hethinksnecessary thatweshouldbegivenmoretimetopractiseoralEnglish it thatweshouldbegivenmoretimetopractiseoralEnglish 当宾语从句后面有补语的时候 我们也需要用形式宾语it 而将宾语从句放在补语之后 常见接宾补的动词 find feel think consider make believe it 补足语 宾从 宾补 宾语 宾语从句 it作形式宾语 Theconductorhasmadethatnobuseswillberunningclear 改为it作形式宾语 Theconductorhasmadeitclearthatnobuseswillberunning 13 1 Shebelievedthathehadnottoldherthetruth 2 Iwonderif whetherthat sagoodidea 3 Pollydidn tknowwhichwaysheshouldgo 4 I minterestedinwhothattallmanis 5 TherewasadiscussionaboutwhetherPollyhadfoundtheblindman 6 I mhappythatyouarehere 7 I msurethatyouwillsucceed 8 Weallthoughtitgoodnewsthatthefoghadfinallygone 宾语从句 14 归纳a 宾语从句在复合句中作 语 一般放在 词 词或 词后 b 表心理活动的形容词后可接that引导的宾语从句 常见的形容词有 等 c 当宾语从句后面有补语的时候 用形式宾语it 而将宾语从句放在补语之后 常见接宾补的动词 it 宾补 宾语从句 宾语从句 宾 动 介 形容 glad happy afraid certain sure satisfied pleased find feel think consider make believe 15 a Thatisthefact 表语 表语从句 Thatis 他所给我的 whathegaveme 16 1 Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar 2 MyquestioniswhetherPollycanfindherwayhome 3 TheproblemishowPollyisgoingtofindusinthecrowd 归纳 表语从句在复合句中作 语 位于主句的 动词之后 表语从句 表 连系 17 surprisedallthestudents Thenews thathefailedintheexam 同位语从句 thenews Hefailedintheexam 18 同位语从句 Shehadafeelingthatshewasbeingwatched Thenewsthathecouldn tcomemadeusupset WhatevergaveyoutheideathatIcansing 归纳 同位语从句即一个句子作同位语 位于 之后 补充说明前面 名词的内容 常见的抽象名词 news promise idea suggestion fact problem advice thought truth belief message hope order 抽象名词 抽象 19 一般位于句首 但当用it作形式主语 主语从句则放于主句之后 1 主语从句 2 宾语从句 位于动词 介词或形容词之后 3 表语从句 位于主句系动词之后 位于抽象名词之后 补充说明前面抽象名词 如 news promise idea suggestion fact problem advice thought truth belief message hope order 的内容 4 同位语从句 表心理活动的形容词有 glad happy afraid certain sure satisfied pleased等 小结 名词性从句的功能和位置 20 1 Thathewasabsentfromclassagainpuzzledhisteacher 2 Itmatterslittlewhetherheagreesonourplanornot 3 Weconsideritnecessarythatheshouldimprovehishandwriting 4 ItakeprideinwhatIhaveachievedinmylife 5 Theproblemisthattheycan tgethereearlyenough 6 Thereisasuggestionthathisfathershouldbetakentothebesthospitalfortreatment 7 Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport 8 Whateverhesayswon tchangeourmind 9 Therecanbenodoubtthatsheisfitforthejob 10 Isupposetomorrowiswhenitwouldbemostconvenientforustogofishing 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 1 2 8 3 4 7 10 5 10 6 9 21 Practice Page9Readthescientificarticle Pleasantsmellsreducepain Underline 在 下划线 allthenounclausesyoucanfind 22 1 Para 1 Thepossibilitythatpleasantsmellsmightreducepainhasrencentlybeensuggested 2 Para 2 Sinceitisbelievedthatstrongsmellscanaffectthesenses 3 Para 3 Scientistsareinterestedinwhetherthesenseofsmellisrelatedtopain 4 Theyarealsocuriousaboutwhetheritisthesameforbothsexes 5 thestudyhasprovedthatforwomen pleasantsmellsreducepain 6 Para4 Hesaysthatscientistshavealreadycollecteddatafrom40volunteers 主语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句 23 7 Para 4 Headdsthatthisyear scientistswilltestanother60volunteersandwillbeinabetterpositiontoanalysetheresults 8 Para 5 Oneexplanationisthatwomen ssenseofsmellisbetterdevelopedthan 9 Scientistsusedtobelievethatmothersrecognizetheirchildrenbysightonly 10 Now theyhavebecomeconvincedthatthesenseofsmellalsohelps 11 However whypleasantsmellsdonotreducepaininmenremainsapuzzleforscientists 表语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句 主语从句 宾语从句 24 Usefulwordsandexpressions reducev 减少 n reductionvolunteern 志愿者v 自愿做berequired not todosth 被要求 不 做某事sniffv 嗅 闻pleasantadj 令人愉快的 opp unpleasantberelatedtosth 与某事有关becuriousabout对 感到好奇beina better positiontodosth 有做 的 更好 条件analyse analyzevt 分析 n analysisrecognizevt 认出 承认 n recognitionbecomeconvincedthat 从句坚信puzzlen 谜vt 迷惑 adj puzzled puzzling 25 名词性从句的引导词 从属连词 连接代词 连接副词 what which who whose whatever when where why how 语序 引导词 陈述句的语序 that if whether 在从句中不做成分 在从句中做主语 宾语 表语或定语 在从句中做状语 另外 asif asthough because 26 27 that引导的名词性从句 1 Theradioannouncedsomething 2 Themistwouldbecomeathickfog Theradioannouncedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfog 宾语从句 陈述句语序 that可省 that不作成分 无含义 28 Theweatherwillnotclearupuntilnextweek 2 Itisbadnewsforus Thattheweatherwillnotclearupuntilnextweekisbadnewsforus 同位语从句 陈述句语序 that不可省 that不作成分 无含义 Itisbadnewsforusthattheweatherwillnotclearupuntilnextweek 29 1 We reinvitedtotheconcerttonightisgoodnewsforus 2 He sagoodstudentexceptheissometimescareless 3 IfeltanhonorthatIwasgiventhechancetogoabroad 4 Thereasonwhyhegaveuptheplanwasbecausehelackedmoney 5 There safeelinginmewhichwe llneverknowwhataUFOis 6 Hesaid that helikedrainandthathewouldn tuseanumbrellawhenitwasraining 7 Thetruthis that thebuseswillnotberunning Correctthemistakes That that it that that 30 小结 that引导名词性从句时不作成分 没有含义 仅起连接作用 2 省略情况 A 动词之后的宾语从句和表语从句中that可以省略 但在介词后的宾语从句中不省略B 主语从句和同位语从句中that不省略C and but连接两个或两个以上由that引导的宾语从句时 只能省略第一个that 3 在Thereasonwhy is 的句中只用that 4 doubt后的从句 否定和疑问句用that引导 Idon tdoubtthatherunfast butIdoubtwhether ifhewillwinthegame 31 whether和if引导的名词性从句 是否 32 whether if 是否 引导的名词性从句 1 Shewondered 2 Wouldthebusesstillberunning Shewonderedwhether ifthebusesstillberunning whether if 是否 都可用 宾语从句 陈述句语序 33 2 Itkeepsmewondering Whetheritisgoingtoclearupkeepsmewondering 只可用whether 是否 主语从句 1 Isitgoingtoclearup Itkeepsmewonderingwhetheritisgoingtoclearup 34 1 Ithinkit sgoingtobeabigproblem Yes itcouldbe Iwonder wecandoanythingaboutit 2 Sheisnotcertainabout shehasdoneanythingwrong 3 Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon 4 theinternationalmedicalconferencewillbeheldinBeijingisstillaquestion if whether whether Whether if或whe