湖南省醴陵市第四中学高一英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）.doc

湖南省醴陵市第四中学2017-2018学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. 音频what does the woman order?a. fish. b. chicken. c. beef.【答案】b2. 音频how much money does the man offer the woman?a. $100 b. $200 c. $300【答案】c【解析】此为听力题，解析略 3. 音频what will the man do this sunday?a. go sailing. b. go shopping. c. visit his sister.【答案】a【解析】此为听力题，解析略 4. 音频what is the woman looking for?a. pepper. b. milk. c. sugar【答案】c【解析】此为听力题，解析略 5. 音频how many people are there in the mans family?a. six. b. five. c. four.【答案】a【解析】此为听力题，解析略 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟,听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。音频6. what are the speakers mainly talking about?a. the reason the man missed workb. the reason the man was sick.c. the man was on vacation.7. what is the mans reason for being gone?a. he was sick. b. his wife was sick. c. he was on vacation.【答案】6. a 7. a【解析】此为听力题，解析略 6. 此为听力题，解析略 7. 此为听力题，解析略 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。音频8. where is the woman going?a. to a hotel. b. to a gas station. c. to a conference center.9. what does the man say about trinity way?a. it is a new street. b. it is closed today. c. its a one-way street.【答案】8. c 9. a【解析】此为听力题，解析略 8. 此为听力题，解析略 9. 此为听力题，解析略 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。音频10. who did the man go to visit for christmas?a. his brother. b. his uncle. c. his grandparents.11. what did the woman think of her christmas?a. great. b. just-so-so. c. terrible.12. what will the speaker do next?a. water some plants. b. attend a class. c. learn to ride horses.【答案】10. c 11. a 12. b【解析】此为听力题，解析略 10. 此为听力题，解析略 11. 此为听力题，解析略 12. 此为听力题，解析略 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。音频13. how many notebooks did the boy buy?a. five. b. three. c. two.14. why does the boy carry two smart phones?a. hes always losing cell phones.b. one of them doesnt work very well.c. he stays in touch with different people.15. when is the boys birthday?a. in january. b. in march. c. in june.16. how did the boy probably pay for everything?a. in cash. b. by check. c. with a credit card.【答案】13. b 14. c 15. c 16. c【解析】此为听力题，解析略 13. 此为听力题，解析略 14. 此为听力题，解析略 15. 此为听力题，解析略 16. 此为听力题，解析略 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。音频17. whats the weather like today in oregon?a. clear. b. cloudy. c. windy.18. which city had the lowest temperature?a. portland. b. ashland. c. salem.19. what will the temperature be tomorrow?a. in the 90s. b. in the 70s. c. in the 60s.20. when will a storm likely take place?a. sunday mid-afternoon. b. sunday morning. c. saturday evening【答案】17. a 18. b 19. a 20. c【解析】此为听力题，解析略 17. 此为听力题，解析略 18. 此为听力题，解析略 19. 此为听力题，解析略 20. 此为听力题，解析略 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)achinas hot word, tuhao, may be in oxford english dictionary.in chinese, tu means rude and hao means rich. in recent years, people use this term to describe those who spend money in an unreasonable way. the word became more popular with apples gold-colored iphone, which is loved by chinas rich people. the color became known as “tuhao golden”. the word is now often used to refer to people who have money but lack taste.there are two other chinese hot words: dama and no zuo no die, which may also be taken in the dictionary. dama, meaning middle-aged women, was first used in the western media by the wall street journal. thousands of chinese women were buying a large amount of gold when the gold price had gone down. another phrase no zuo no die, meaning if you dont do stupid things, they wont come back to bite you, is also very popular. other words, such as maotai, chinglish and dim sum have also been included in the dictionary.bbc world news recently made a special program called “tuhao, lets be friends!” “the frequent use of chinglish by foreign media suggests that foreign people are looking more to the lifestyle and popular culture of china,” says zhang yiwu, professor of beijing university.what does this trend suggest about the chinese languages influence?xing hongbing, a professor from beijing language and culture university (blcu) said “these show that chinglish is now being accepted by the rest of the world and they play important roles in daily life of chinese. behind these chinglish words and phrases are the chinese culture. they are reflections of the changes and trends in the chinese society and they help people from other countries to understand whats happening in china.”21. which of the following words is not a hot chinglish word?a. dama b. karaoke c. tuhao d. dim sum22. the word “dama” becomes so popular because _.a. they are wealthy middle-aged womenb. they bought gold crazily when the price was downc. they made the gold price upd. they worked on the wall street23. what does the frequent use of chinglish by foreign media suggest?a. foreigners want to know more about the lifestyle and culture of china.b. foreign people found it funny.c. chinese is one of the most important languages in the world.d. chinese people are very friendly.【答案】21. b 22. b 23. a【解析】本文是一篇说明文。“土豪”要收录入牛津词典啦，相似的还有诸如“大妈”、“点心”等等。中国的词汇进入英语并不是什么稀奇事，英语国家的人们希望词汇保持它原来的意义。外国媒体对中式英语的频繁使用说明外国人想要更多地了解中国的生活方式和文化。21. 细节理解题。根据第一段chinas hot word, tuhao, may be in oxford english dictionary.第三段中dama, meaning middle-aged women, was first used in the western media by the wall street journal. 和other words, such as maotai, chinglish and dim sum have also been included in the dictionary.可知，karaoke不是中式英语热词。故选b。22. 细节理解题。根据第三段中dama, meaning middle-aged women, was first used in the western media by the wall street journal. thousands of chinese women were buying a large amount of gold when the gold price had gone down.可知，“大妈”这个词非常受欢迎，是因为华尔街日报刊出中国大妈在黄金价格下跌的时候买入大量黄金的消息，数以千计的中国中年女性成为黄金抢购风潮中的主力军。故选b。23. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“these show that chinglish is now being accepted by the rest of the world and they play important roles in daily life of chinese. behind these chinglish words and phrases are the chinese culture. they are reflections of the changes and trends in the chinese society and they help people from other countries to understand whats happening in china.”可知，外国媒体对中式英语的频繁使用说明外国人想要更多地了解中国的生活方式和文化。故选a。bits all about personal peace, which means not only an imaginary space around the body, but also the space around all the senses. people feel that their space is being violated(侵犯) when they meet with an unwelcome sound, smell or look. this is probably why a man on a crowded bus shouting into his mobile phone or a woman next to you putting on strong perfume(香水) makes you feel angry.whether people have had a stronger wish to protect their personal space in recent times is hard to say. yet studies of airlines show that people have a strong desire to have space to themselves. in a survey by trip advisor, a travel website, people said that if they had to pay more for some extra service, they would rather have larger seats than extra food.although people may need their personal space, some hardly realize it. for example, people on a bus who hold newspapers in front of their faces to read in fact keep a distance from strangers.go and watch a library table. you will notice that one of the corner seats will usually be taken first, because they are the farthest way. what if someone sits opposite to you? maybe you will pile up books as if to make a wall.preference for personal space is different from culture to culture. scientists have found that americans generally prefer more personal space than people from other cultures. in latin cultures, however, people are more comfortable standing close to each other.24. the writer mainly _ in this article.a. tells us how to achieve personal spaceb. explains why people need personal spacec. introduces some knowledge about personal spaced. argues for the importance of keeping personal space25. _ might feel his personal space is safe according to the passage.a. a person who has to sit next to a lady putting on strong perfume.b. a person who has been watched by a stranger for a long time.c. a person who hears strange noises when reading at home.d. a latin boy who is chatting with a friend sitting close to him.26. what can we know from the survey by trip advisor?a. people need a smaller personal space in recent times than before.b. people have a strong desire for personal space in recent times.c. there are not enough seats on the plane to meet peoples needs.d. food service is better provided than seats on the plane.27. which of the following is true according to the passage?a. the space around the body is more needed than that around all the senses.b. if you hold newspapers on the bus, your personal space wont be violated.c. people usually choose the corner seats first in a library for personal space.d. different cultures share the same preferences for personal space.【答案】24. c 25. d 26. b 27. c【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述的是私人空间的话题，很多人都不愿意与别人靠得太近，主要目的是未来保护私人空间。文章中提及了一项有关私人空间的调查的结果来说明人们很渴望私人空间。24. 推理题。根据文章第一段第一句its all about personal peace, which means not only an imaginary space around the body, but also the space around all the senses.以及全文内容可知，本文介绍的是关于私人空间的有关知识。故c正确。b、d项只是文章内容的一部分。25. 推理题。根据文章最后一句in latin(拉丁人的) cultures, however, people are more comfortable standing close to each other.可知，拉丁人认为近距离是舒服的。故d正确。26. 细节题。根据第3段中whether people have had a stronger wish to protect their personal space in recent times is hard to say. yet studies of airlines show that people have a strong desire(渴望) to have space to themselves.可知，这项调查中认为人们对于彼此之间的私人空间有很强烈的欲望。故b正确。27. 推理题。根据文章倒数第二段although people may need their personal space, some hardly realize it. for example, people on a bus who hold newspapers in front of their faces to read in fact keep a distance from strangers.（尽管人们可能需要私人空间，但有些人几乎没有意识到这一点。例如，在公共汽车上的人，在他们的面前拿着报纸，实际上是与陌生人保持一定的距离。）由此推知，c项（人们通常先选择图书馆的角落座位来取得个人空间。）符合文意。故c正确。cwhen johnnie martin was in the second grade in high school, one day a psychologist of the school called him into his office.“johnnie, ive made a very careful study of you. and i feel sorry to have to tell you though you have worked very hard, it has not helped. youre just not fit for it.”the boy buried his face in his hands, “this will be hard on my parents,” he said. “their one idea is for me to be a college man.”the psychologist laid his hand on the boys shoulder and said, “people have different kinds of talents. some day you will find what your special gift is and when you do, you will make your parents very proud of you.”johnnie never went back to school. jobs were scarce in town, but he managed to keep busy mowing the lawns of the householders and puttering in their flowerbeds. before long he discovered he had an eye for color.one day while he was downtown, he happened to notice a stretch of unused land behind the city hall. chance or fate or whatever you may like to call it brought one of the towns aldermen（市政委员会委员）round the corner just at that moment. the boy said, “i can make a garden out of this dump, if youll let me do it.”“the towns got no money for it,” said the alderman.“i dont want any money for it,” said the boy. “i just want to do it.”the alderman was shocked to find someone who did not want money. he took johnnie into an office, and when the young man came out he had the authority to clean up the public eyesore. before long the old dump became a little beautiful park.it was also a kind of show window for johnnie. people saw the result of his skill and knew him as a natural landscape gardener.that was twenty-five years ago. today johnnie is the head of a successful business in landscape gardening. his aging parents are proud of johnnie, for he is not only a success, but he has also made his part of the world a lovelier place to live in.28. the psychologist called johnnie into his office to _.a. persuade him to give up schooling b. help him find out his giftc. give him some suggestions on study d. encourage him to work hard29. what did johnnie martin have a gift for?a. drawing. b. gardening. c. repairing. d. engineering.30. the underlined part “the public eyesore” refers to _.a. the city hall b. the town c. the park d. the dump31. what can we infer from the passage?a. where there is a will, there is a way.b. gardeners are born and not made.c. everyone has something special.d. interest is the key to success.【答案】28. a 29. b 30. d 31. c【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过johnnie在园艺上的成功，说明每个人都有某些特殊的天赋。28. 推理判断题。根据第二段“johnnie, ive made a very careful study of you. and i feel sorry to have to tell you though you have worked very hard, it has not helped. youre just not fit for it.”可知，心理学家把johnnie叫到他的办公室是为了劝说他放弃学校教育。故选a。29. 推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句before long he discovered he had an eye for color.和倒数第二段最后一句people saw the result of his skill and knew him as a natural landscape gardener.可知，johnnie martin在gardening方面有天赋。故选b。30. 词义猜测题。根据第六段最后一句“i can make a garden out of this dump, if youll let me do it.”（我可以在这个垃圾堆里做一个花园，如果你让我做的话。）和倒数第三段中he took johnnie into an office, and when the young man came out he had the authority to clean up the public eyesore. （他把johnnie带到一个办公室，当这个年轻人出来的时候，他有权力清理the public eyesore。）before long the old dump became a little beautiful park.（不久，老垃圾场变成了一个美丽的公园。）由此推出，the public eyesore指的是“dump”。31. 推理判断题。根据第二段“johnnie, ive made a very careful study of you. and i feel sorry to have to tell you though you have worked very hard, it has not helped. youre just not fit for it.”和最后一段中today johnnie is the head of a successful business in landscape gardening. his aging parents are proud of johnnie, for he is not only a success, but he has also made his part of the world a lovelier place to live in.可知，johnnie在园艺上的成功，说明每个人都有某些特殊的天赋。故选c。daccording to new research from the university of cambridge in england, sheep are able to recognize human faces from photographs.the farm animals, who are social and have large brains, were previously known to be able to recognize one another, as well as familiar humans. however, their ability to recognize human faces from photos alone is novel.the recent study, the results of which were published in the journal royal society showed that the woolly creatures could be trained to recognize still images of human faces, including those of former president barack obama and actress emma watson.initially, the sheep were trained to approach certain images by being given food rewards. later, they were able to recognize the image for which they had been rewarded. the sheep could even recognize images of faces shown at an angle, though their ability to do so declined by about 15 percent - the same rate at which a humans ability to perform the same task declines.“anyone who has spent time working with sheep will know that they are intelligent, individual animals who are able to recognize their handlers,” said professor jenny morton, who led the cambridge study. “weve shown with our study that sheep have advanced face-recognition abilities, comparable with those of humans and monkeys.”recognizing faces is one of the most important social skills for human being, and some disorders of the brain, including huntingtons disease, affect this ability.“sheep are long-lived and have brains that are similar in size and complexity to those of some monkeys. that means they can be useful models to help us understand disorders of the brain, such as huntingtons disease, which develops over a long time and affects cognitive abilities. our study gives us another way to monitor how these abilities change.” morton said.32. according to the new research, whats unusual about sheep?a. they have large brains.b. they can recognize their owners.c. they can recognize human faces from photograph.d. they can tell animals from humans.33. how did the researchers train the sheep?a. by giving food rewards.b. by showing photos of humans and monkeys by turns.c. by guiding them to follow their handlers.d. by showing photos of famous people.34. what can be inferred from the passage?a. sheep have a higher face-recognition ability than monkeys.b. the sheeps face-recognition ability may prevent some disorders of the brain.c. the sheeps face-recognition ability says the same when shown photos at any angle.d. the new discovery is beneficial to the study of cognitive ability changes.35. whats the best title of the passage?a. a wonderful scientist b. how sheep recognize each otherc. a new discovery about sheep d. the life of sheep【答案】32. c 33. a 34. d 35. c【解析】这是一篇科普类文章。文章主要讲了新的研究表明绵羊能够从照片中识别人脸。32. 细节理解题。由第一段中sheep are able to recognize human faces from photographs.可知，绵羊的不寻常之处在于它们能够从照片中识别人脸。故选c。33. 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句initially, the sheep were trained to approach certain images by being given food rewards.可知，研究人员通过给绵羊食物奖励来训练绵羊。故选a。34. 推理判断题。由最后一段最后一句our study gives us another way to monitor how these abilities change.可知，从这篇文章中可以推断出新的发现有益于对认知能力改变的研究。故选d。35. 主旨大意题。根据第一段according to new research from the university of cambridge in england, sheep are able to recognize human faces from photographs.可知，这篇文章主要讲了新的研究表明绵羊能够从照片中识别人脸。故选c。【点睛】第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。do you have the experience of digging out your suitcase, deciding what to bring and being afraid that youve forgotten something? _36_ hope they can transform the way you pack.keep a basket handydo you wait until the last minute to pack? keep a basket in your bedroom, living room, or bath r