跨文化交际.ppt

InterculturalCommunicationinBusiness LiLi MA MBASandaUniversity Textbook 跨文化商务交际 王维波 车丽娟 2008年版 外语教学与研究出版社 ISBN978 7 5600 7133 6 GradingDistribution Attendance Participation 5pointsAssignments 15pointsMid termExam 40points Chapter1 4 FinalExam 40points Chapter5 8 Total 100points Contents Chapter1 Culture Communication InterculturalCommunication Week1 2 Chapter2 VerbalCommunication Week3 4 Chapter3 NonverbalCommunication Week5 6 Chapter4 CulturalValues Week7 8 Mid TermExam Week9 Contents cont d Chapter5 CulturalShock Week10 11 Chapter6 BusinessEtiquetteandSocialCustomes Week12 13 Chapter7 BusinessNegotiationAcrossCultures Week14 15 Chapter8 InterculturalManagement Week16 17 FinalExam Week18 Chapter1Introduction 1 Culture2 Communication3 InterculturalCommunication 1 Culture 1 1Definitions1 2Metaphors1 3Characteristics 1 1Definition Cultureisthedepositofknowledge experience beliefs values attitudes meanings andmaterialobjectsandpossessionsacquiredbyagroupofpeopleinthecourseofgenerationsthroughindividualandgroupstriving SamovarandPorter 1 2Metaphors 1 TheCultureIcebergCultureabovethewaterline 10 表层Culturebelowthewaterline 90 中层和核心层2 TheCultureOnionCultureintheouterlayer表层Cultureinthemiddlelayer中层Cultureintheinnernucleuslayer核心层 1 3Characteristics SharedLearnedSymbolicIntegratedDynamicEthnocentric 2 Communication 2 1Definitions2 2BusinessCommunication2 3Patterns2 4CommunicationandCulture 2 1Definition Communicationistheprocessbywhichinformationisexchangedbetweenindividualthrough asbyspeech signals writing orbehavior Coleman 2005 Cont d Communicationcanbedefinedasdynamic symbolic transactionalandcontextualprocessinwhichpeoplecreatesharedmeaningormessages 2 2BusinessCommunication Businesscommunicationisadynamic multi channeledprocess whichcoversinternalaswellasexternalcommunicationinagivenorganization Xu 2001 2 3Patterns UpwardCommunicationDownwardCommunicationLateralCommunication Pattern1UpwardCommunication LowerLevelHigherLevelFlowingfromsubordinatestosuperiors usuallyconcerningemployees commentsaboutthemselves theirreactionsaboutothers theirreactionstopracticesandpolicies andtheirthoughtsabouttheirwork Advantages Disadvantages Pattern2DownwardCommunication HigherLevelLowerLevelFlowingfromthetopoftheorganizationalmanagementhierarchy tellingpeopleintheorganizationwhatisimportant mission andwhatisvalued policy Advantages Disadvantages Pattern3LateralCommunication SameLevelAlsocalledhorizontalcommunicationReferstothecommunicationatthesamelevelinanorganization Advantages 3 InterculturalCommunication 3 1Definitions3 2Barriers3 3CommunicationintheGlobalVillage 3 1Definition Interculturalcommunicationisdefinedascommunicationbetweenpeopleofdifferentculturalbackgrounds HuWenzhong 胡文仲 3 2Barriers GeertHofstedeLanguagedifferencesNonverbalcommunicationStereotypesCulturalbiasonjudgmentsHighlevelofstress LanguageDifferences Haveagoodmasteryoftheforeignlanguageandaskforclarificationwhenwearepuzzled NonverbalCommunication Don tusethenonverbalcommunicationsignsuntilwearefamiliarwiththem Remindourselvesthatournonverbalcommunicationsignsmightbedifferentfromthoseofotherculture Stereotypes Knowaboutotherculturesasmuchaspossible Makealloureffortstoincreaseawarenessofourownpreconceptionsandthestereotypesofculturesweencounter CulturalBiasonJudgments Wecannotjudgesomeonefromanotherculturebyourownculturalvalues butfirstlywehavetoknowandunderstandtheirculturalvalues HighLevelofStress Workhardtoremoveinterculturalbarriers Betolerantofothersandourselves 3 3GlobalCommunication Howtoensureasuccessfulcommunication IdentifythenormsUnderstandotherculturesKnowmoreoftheworldviewandothercommunicationstyles GeertHofstede InfluentialDutchorganizationalsociologistStudytheinteractionsbetweennationalculturesandorganizationalculturesCulture sConsequencesFiveDimensionsofCulture FiveDimensionsofCulture Smallvs LargePowerDistanceIndividualismvs CollectivismMasculinityvs FemininityWeakvs StrongUncertaintyAvoidanceLongvs ShortTermOrientation Smallvs LargePowerDistance Howmuchthelesspowerfulmembersoforganizationsexpectandacceptthatpowerisdistributedunequally Notmeasure real powerdistribution butratherthewaypeopleperceivepowerdifferences Cont d SmallPowerDistance Australia Denmark Peopleexpectandacceptpowerrelationsthataremoreconsultativeordemocratic LargePowerDistance Malaysia Thelesspowerfulacceptpowerrelationsthatareautocraticorpaternalistic Individualismvs Collectivism Howmuchmembersoftheculturedefinethemselvesapartfromtheirgroupmemberships Movetowardtheindividualistendofthespectrumwithincreasingnationalwealth Cont d IndividualistCulture UnitedStates Peopleareexpectedtodevelopanddisplaytheirindividualpersonalitiesandtochoosetheirownaffiliations CollectivistCulture China Peoplearedefinedandactmostlyasamemberofalong termgroup suchasthefamilyorareligiousgroup Masculinityvs Femininity MasculineCulturePeoplevaluecompetitiveness ambition andtheaccumulationofwealth FeminineCulturePeoplevaluerelationshipsandqualityoflife UncertaintyAvoidance Howmuchmembersofasocietyareanxiousabouttheunknown StrongUncertaintyAvoidancePeoplepreferexplicitrulesandformallystructuredactivities WeakUncertaintyAvoidancePeoplepreferimplicitrulesandinformalactivities Longvs ShortTermOrientation Theimportanceattachedtothefuturevs thepastandpresentLong TermOrientedCulturePeoplevalueactionsandattitudesthataffectthefuture Short TermOrientedCulturePeoplevalueactionsandattitudesthatareaffectedbythepastorthepresent Summary Culture definition metaphors characteristicsCommunication definition patternsInterculturalCommunication definition barriers Discussion