It的用法.doc

It的用法以及含有it的句型 英语中it 一词结构看似简单，但其词义广泛，使用范围很广。It的用法及其句型和固定搭配，是英语语法的重点、难点，又是近几年考试的热点,在高考中也是重现率较高的语言点。现将it的用法简单归纳如下： 一、it 作人称代词，代替上文中提到过的人(一般指小孩或身份不十分明朗的人)或事物。1) Who is the baby? Its my teachers son 2) Is this your dog？No, it isnt.it, one, that的区别：不定代词one 泛指前文提到的同类事物之一，相当于 “a/an+名词”, it 特指上文中提到的同一事物，that特指前面提到的同类事物,且有后置定语。试对比： This pair of shoes is small. May I have another one？（泛指的另一双） My pen is missing. I cant find it. (it指my pen) The air in the countryside is fresher than that in the city.二、it 作非人称代词，表示天气, 时间, 距离, 温度, 地点, 环境情况等。这时的it 不指某个具体的东西。没有明确的含义。翻译时可不必译出来。eg. 1) Its half an hours walk from here to our school 2) Its nice and warm here 这里非常暖和 3) But its two oclock now, and its time for us to go to school 4) Its quite close in the room . Lets open the window for a while。 三、“It” 可以代替指示代词This ,that . eg.-Whose dictionary is that ?- It is mine. 四、用作形式主语或形式宾语。 1. 当作主语的不定式、ing短语或从句太长时，往往用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语移至句末， 以避免句子头重脚轻。it作形式主语的常见句型： it替代动词不定式作主语的常见句型为: 1) It is necessary for sb to do. eg.It is necessany to learn a foreign lanuage.学一门外语是有必要的。 2）It is kind of sb to do. eg. It is kind of you to help me=You are kind to help me.谢谢你帮助我. 3)It is up to sb to do sth.该由某人做某事eg.It is up to you to decide.由你来决定. 4)It is ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事.eg.It is your turn to speak. 5) It takes sb time to do sth . 做某事花了某人多少时间eg.It took me an hour to finish reading the novel. It替代动名词作主语的常见句型： 1) Its no good/use/a waste of time doing 做某事没用/浪费时间eg.Its no use / good crying over spilt milk覆水难收 2)Its (well)worthwhile doing/to do sth. 做某事是值得的eg. Its worthwhile to learn English。 It替代主语从句常见句型: 1） It is a pity (a shame ,a fact ,a wonder ,a good thing ,good news etc)thatthat后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去，表示出乎意料，常译为竟然，没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。eg. It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class.It is a shame that he didnt pass the exam. 很遗憾他没有通过考试。2） It is strange(natural, surprising, obvious, true, good, wonderful, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, quite clear, certain ,etc) that eg. It was quite clear that they had no disire for peace. 很清楚他们没有和平的诚意。 3） It seems (happened ,turned out, occurred to sb etc.)thateg. It seemed that things were not as they expected. 4） It is said (reported ,decided ,expected ,arranged ,rumoured(谣传) , hoped,etc)that eg. It is said that the tickets have been sold out . 据说票已售完。 5) It is time that 从句（谓语用一般过去时/should do） eg. It is time that he went/should go to school. 2. 当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、ing短语或从句，往往用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末，以使句子重心后移。 it常作这些动词如：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel等的形式宾语： We find it difficult to learn English well in such a short time We think it no use crying over spilt milkI took it for granted that you would stay with us. We made it clear when and where we were going to have the meeting五、it的重要句型1) It is the first ( second . ) time that .have/has done It was the first ( second . ) time that .had done该句型中的 that 可以省去；it有时用 this 替换译为这是某人第一/二次做。 It is the first time (that) I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here. It was the second time (that) I had come to Beijing.2) It is/has been+ 时间段+ since .did . It was + 时间段+ since .had done . “自.以来多久了” It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died. It was three years since I had come to live here.3) It be . when . 当的时候，是该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当 It was 5 oclock when he came here. 他来的时候是五点钟。4) It is/will be+时间段+before . “得过多久才.”It was+时间段+before . “过了多久才.”该句型主句中的 it 指时间，主句中的表语多是long,not long,3 days,2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语。 It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. 过了3天他才去北京。It will be not long before he finishes his job. 用不了多久他就能完成他的工作。5) It seems/appears/sounds/looks as if.似乎/听起来/看起来. eg. It seems as if it is going to rain.仿佛要下雨了.6) 句型“I like it+if/when从句”，it跟在这些动词后，不表具体意义，其后再跟一从句，对it的内容作进一步解释或说明，这个从句叫it的同位语从句。I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.I would appreciate it if you would like to lend me a hand with my English. 六、 强调句句型1)陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。eg. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.2)一般疑问句的强调句型： Is/ Was it + 被强调部分+ that/ who+ 其它?eg. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?3)特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？w。w。w.k。s。5。u.c。o。meg. When and where was it that you were born?Exercise:针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。强调主语：It was I that /who met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday. 强高考资源网调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.1、构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was ，其余的时态用It is 。2、强调句中也要注意主谓一致和人称一致的问题。eg.It is I who am your friend4)not until的强调句型：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分。eg. 普通句：He didnt go to bed until/ till his wife came back.强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.注意：因为句型中It is/ was not 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。5) 谓语动词的强调：强调谓语时，在谓语动词前加助动词do, does或did。eg. He wrote to you last week. 上周他给你写了信。He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。Do sit down. 务必请坐。注意：此种强调只用do,does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。单项选择题1. Is _necessary to complete the design before National Day?A. thisB. thatC. itD. he 2. I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. A. thisB. that C. itsD. it3. Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time?A. this B. thatC. heD. it4. Its no good a theory without practice.A. learn B. to learn C. learns D. learning5. Its foolish you to park the car in the middle of the road.A. of B. for C. to D. by6.You should make_ a rule to leave things where you can find them again. A. it B. that C. you D. this7._ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 8.I want to buy a color TV set very much, but I cant afford_. A. it B. one C. this D. that9. I was disappointed with the film . I had expected _ to be much better.A. that B. this C. one D. it 10. The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than in the newspaper.A. it B. those C. one D. that11. There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow ? - Id rather buy in the bookstore.A. it, one B. one, one C. one, it D. it, it12.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but_ remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it. A. that B. it C. this D. which13. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, was more than we could expect.A. it B. what C. which D. that14.He is always really rude, _ is why people tend to avoid him. A. that B. it C. this D. which15.The Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in. A. they B. it C. one D. which 16.I cant remember a Christmas until _ _ snowed so much. A. it B. that C. what D. the weather17_is well-known to all that Hong Kong has returned to China. A. Which B. It C. That D. As18-_has just come in? -Its Mr. Green, our headmaster. A. Who is that B. Who that is C. Whos it thatD. Who it is19The manager didnt feel like_ whether he would attend the meeting the next morning.A. making it clear B. make that clear C. to make it clear D. making this clearing20_I was free that evening. A. It happened toB. It happened that C. That happenedD. It was happened that21He said, _a long way to school. _a long way to go before we arrive. A. It is; It is B. There is; It is C. It is; There isD. There is; There is22Toms mother kept telling him that he should work hard, but_didnt help. A. he B. which C. sheD. it23We saw the hill, and_used to be a factory. A. in front of which, thereB. in front of it, it C. at the foot of it, thereD. at the foot of which, it24Your idea is very good. Dont_. A. give up itB. give it upC. give in itD. hasnt it25When they will start hasnt been decided yet,_? A. will they B. wont theyC. has itD. hasnt it26. Was it during the Second World War_ he died? A. thatB. whileC. in whichD. then 27. It was not _ she took off her glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star. A. when, that B. until, that C. until, that D. when, then 28. _is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It 29. It was only when I reread this poems recently _ I began to appreciate their beauty.A. until B. that C. then D. so 30. I hate _when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. thatC. these D. them 31. Id appreciate _ if you would turn the radio down. A. thatB. itC. this D. you32. Its two years since he to work in this city. A. come B. came C. had come D. comes33. It will be a long time we meet them again. A. since B. until C. before D. after34. It was the second time that I with so many people to play together. A. was B. were C. am D. had been35. Im sure he to visit you yesterday, but you were out. A. goes B. go C. didnt go D. did goIt的用法以及含有it的句型 英语中it 一词结构看似简单，但其词义广泛，使用范围很广。It的用法及其句型和固定搭配，是英语语法的重点、难点，又是近几年考试的热点,在高考中也是重现率较高的语言点。现将it的用法简单归纳如下： 一、it 作人称代词，代替上文中提到过的人(一般指小孩或身份不十分明朗的人)或事物。1) Who is the baby? Its my teachers son 2) Is this your dog？No, it isnt.it, one, that的区别：不定代词one 泛指前文提到的同类事物之一，相当于 “a/an+名词”, it 特指上文中提到的同一事物，that特指前面提到的同类事物,且有后置定语。试对比： This pair of shoes is small. May I have another one？（泛指的另一双） My pen is missing. I cant find it. (it指my pen) The air in the countryside is fresher than that in the city.二、it 作非人称代词，表示天气, 时间, 距离, 温度, 地点, 环境情况等。这时的it 不指某个具体的东西。没有明确的含义。翻译时可不必译出来。eg. 1) Its half an hours walk from here to our school 2) Its nice and warm here 这里非常暖和 3) But its two oclock now, and its time for us to go to school 4) Its quite close in the room . Lets open the window for a while。三、“It” 可以代替指示代词This ,that . eg.-Whose dictionary is that ?- It is mine. 四、用作形式主语或形式宾语。 1. 当作主语的不定式、ing短语或从句太长时，往往用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语移至句末， 以避免句子头重脚轻。it作形式主语的常见句型： it替代动词不定式作主语的常见句型为: 1) It is necessary for sb to do. eg.It is necessany to learn a foreign lanuage.学一门外语是有必要的。 2）It is kind of sb to do. eg. It is kind of you to help me=You are kind to help me.谢谢你帮助我. 3)It is up to sb to do sth.该由某人做某事eg.It is up to you to decide.由你来决定. 4)It is ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事.eg.It is your turn to speak. 5) It takes sb time to do sth . 做某事花了某人多少时间eg.It took me an hour to finish reading the novel. It替代动名词作主语的常见句型： 1) Its no good/use/a waste of time doing 做某事没用/浪费时间eg.Its no use / good crying over spilt milk覆水难收 2)Its (well)worthwhile doing/to do sth. 做某事是值得的eg. Its worthwhile to learn English。 It替代主语从句常见句型: 1） It is a pity (a shame ,a fact ,a wonder ,a good thing ,good news etc)thatthat后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去，表示出乎意料，常译为竟然，没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。eg. It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class.It is a shame that he didnt pass the exam. 很遗憾他没有通过考试。2） It is strange(natural, surprising, obvious, true, good, wonderful, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, quite clear, certain ,etc) that eg. It was quite clear that they had no disire for peace. 很清楚他们没有和平的诚意。 3） It seems (happened ,turned out, occurred to sb etc.)thateg. It seemed that things were not as they expected. 4） It is said (reported ,decided ,expected ,arranged ,rumoured(谣传) , hoped,etc)that eg. It is said that the tickets have been sold out . 据说票已售完。 5) It is time that 从句（谓语用一般过去时/should do） eg. It is time that he went/should go to school. 2. 当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、ing短语或从句，往往用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末，以使句子重心后移。 it常作这些动词如：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel等的形式宾语： We find it difficult to learn English well in such a short time We think it no use crying over spilt milkI took it for granted that you would stay with us. We made it clear when and where we were going to have the meeting五、it的重要句型1) It is the first ( second . ) time that .have/has done It was the first ( second . ) time that .had done该句型中的 that 可以省去；it有时用 this 替换译为这是某人第一/二次做。 It is the first time (that) I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here. It was the second time (that) I had come to Beijing.2) It is/has been+ 时间段+ since .did . It was + 时间段+ since .had done . “自.以来多久了” It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died. It was three years since I had come to live here.3) It be . when . 当的时候，是该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当. It was 5 oclock when he came here. 他来的时候是五点钟。4) It is/will be+时间段+before . “得过多久才.”It was+时间段+before . “过了多久才.”该句型主句中的 it 指时间，主句中的表语多是long,not long,3 days,2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语。 It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. 过了3天他才去北京。It will be not long before he finishes his job. 用不了多久他就能完成他的工作。5) It seems/appears/sounds/looks as if.似乎/听起来/看起来. eg. It seems as if it is going to rain.仿佛要下雨了.6) 句型“I like it+if/when从句”，it跟在这些动词后，不表具体意义，其后再跟一从句，对it的内容作进一步解释或说明，这个从句叫it的同位语从句。I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.I would appreciate it if you would like to lend me a hand with my English. 六、 强调句句型1)陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。eg. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.2)一般疑问句的强调句型： Is/ Was it + 被强调部分+ that/ who+ 其它?eg. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?3)特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？w。w。w.k。s。5。u.c。o。meg. When and w