河北省涿州市高考英语阅读理解、短文改错系列训练（4）.doc

涿州市2014高考英语阅读理解、短文改错系列训练（4）及答案 (第 篇)pop stars today enjoy what once only belonged to the royalty (皇室). wherever they go, people turn out in their thousands to greet them. the crowds go wild trying to catch a brief glimpse of their smiling, colorfully dressed idols. the stars are transported in their chauffeur driven rollsroyces, private helicopters or executive aeroplanes. they are surrounded by a permanent entourage(随从) of managers, press agents and bodyguards. photographs of them appear regularly in the press and all their comings and goings are reported，for, like royalty, pop stars are news. if they enjoy many of the privileges of royalty, they certainly share many of the inconveniences as well. it is dangerous for them to make unscheduled appearances in public.they must be constantly shielded from the adoring crowds who idolize them. they are no longer private individuals, but public property. the financial rewards they receive for this sacrifice cannot be calculated, for their rates of pay are great.and why not? society has always rewarded its top entertainers lavishly. the great days of hollywood have become legendary: famous stars enjoyed fame, wealth and adulation (奉承) on an alltime scale. by today s standards, the excesses of hollywood do not seem quite so spectacular. a single gramophone record nowadays may earn much more in royalties than the films of the past ever did. the competition for the title “top of the pops” is fierce, but the rewards are truly huge.it is only right that the stars should be paid in this way. dont the top men in industry earn enormous salaries for the service they perform to their companies and their countries? pop stars earn vast sums in foreign currency often more than large industrial companies and the taxman can only be grateful for their massive annual contributions to the exchequer(国库). so who would begrudge them their rewards?it s all very well for people in boring jobs to complain about the successes and rewards of others. people who make envious remarks should remember that the most famous stars represent only the tip of the iceberg. for every famous star, there are hundreds of others struggling to earn a living. a man working in a steady job and looking forward to a pension at the end of it has no right to expect very high rewards. he has chosen security and peace of mind, so there will always be a limit to what he can earn. but a man who attempts to become a star is taking enormous risks. he knows at the outset that only a handful of competitors ever get to the very top. he knows that years of concentrated effort may be rewarded with complete failure.but he knows, too, that the rewards for success are very high indeed: they are the payback for the huge risks involved and once he makes it, he will certainly earn them. that s the essence of private enterprise.语篇解读明星的生活总是令人羡慕不已。他们的生活中有光鲜的一面：不菲的收入，以豪华汽车和私人飞机代步，一言一行都成为人们关注的焦点然而，我们也应看到，他们活得很累，他们为成功所付出的艰辛和代价是一般人难以想象的。1the author develops the passage mainly by _.a. comparing different ideasb. giving explanationsc. inferringd. listing typical examples解析篇章结构题。本文主要通过解释向读者阐明道理。答案b2the underlined word “begrudge” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to _.a. be jealous of b. be satisfied withc. be anxious about d. be crazy about解析词义猜测题。结合上下文的语境判断本句意为：谁会对他们所得到的感到妒忌、不满呢？接下来作者讲了一般人从事枯燥但稳定的工作，所以这里意思是：从事稳定工作的人会妒忌这些明星。答案a3according to the passage, which of the following can match the view of the author?a. he who laughs last laughs best.b. if you venture nothing, you will gain nothing.c. he who makes no mistakes makes nothing.d. success belongs to the persevering.解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，想成为明星就要冒更大的风险，然而一旦成功，回报也是丰厚的，那些选择了稳定工作的人是没有权利期待高额回报的。“if you venture nothing，you will gain nothing.”意为：不入虎穴，焉得虎子，即要成功就要冒险。答案b4the author holds a(n) _attitude towards the high income of pop stars.a. critical b. approvalc. optimistic d. indifferent解析推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者认为明星们理应得到高收入，因为他们为此付出了高昂的代价。答案b5which of the following is true according to the passage?a. people are blind in idolizing stars.b. there is fierce competition in becoming pop stars.c. the government taxes pop stars very little.d. pop stars life is more luxurious than that of royalty.解析细节判断题。根据文章最后一段的“he knows at the outset that only a handful of competitors ever get to the very top.”以及第二段的最后一句可知答案。答案b*结束“glad to find you so merry, my girls,” said a cheery voice at the door, and actors and audience turned to welcome a tall, motherly lady with a “can i help you” look about her which was truly delightful. she was not elegantly dressed, but a noble-looking woman, and the girls thought the gray cloak（斗篷）and unfashionable bonnet（宽檐帽）covered the most splendid mother in the world.“well, dearies, how have you got on today? there was so much to do, getting the boxes ready to go tomorrow, that i didnt come home to dinner. has anyone called, beth? how is your cold, meg? jo, you look tired to death. come and kiss me, baby.”while making these maternal（母性的）inquires, mrs. march got her wet things off, her warm slippers on, and sitting down in the easy chair, drew amy to her lap, preparing to enjoy the happiest hour of her busy day. the girls flew about, trying to make things comfortable, each in her own way. meg arranged the tea table. jo brought wood and set chairs, dropping, over-turning, and clattering everything she touched. beth trotted (小跑) to and fro between parlor(客厅) and kitchen, quiet and busy, while amy gave directions to everyone, as she sat with her hands folded.as they gathered about the table, mrs. march said, with a particularly happy face, “ive got a treat for you after supper.”a quick, bright smile went round like a streak of sunshine. beth clapped her hands, regardless of the biscuit she held, and jo tossed up her napkin, crying, “a letter! a letter! three cheers for father!”“yes, a nice long letter. he is well, and thinks he shall get through the cold season better than we feared. he sends all sorts of loving wishes for christmas, and an especial message to you girls,” said mrs. march, patting her pocket as if she had got a treasure there.“hurry and get done! dont stop to quirk your little finger and simper (傻笑)over your plate, amy,” cried jo, choking on her tea and dropping her bread, butter side down, on the carpet in her haste to get at the treat.beth ate no more, but crept (蹑手蹑足地走) away to sit in her shadowy corner and brood (细想)over the delight to come, till the others were ready.“i think it was so splendid in father to go as chaplain（牧师）when he was too old to be drafted (被征入伍), and not strong enough for a soldier,” said meg warmly.“dont i wish i could go as a drummer? or a nurse, so i could be near him and help him.” exclaimed jo, with a groan“it must be very disagreeable to sleep in a tent, and eat all sorts of bad-tasting things, and drink out of a tin mug,” sighed amy.“when will he come home, marmee?” asked beth, with a little quiver in her voice.“not for many months, dear, unless he is sick. he will stay and do his work faithfully as long as he can, and we wont ask for him back a minute sooner than he can be spared. now come and hear the letter.”they all drew to the fire, mother in the big chair with beth at her feet, meg and amy perched on either arm of the chair, and jo leaning on the back, where no one would see any sign of emotion if the letter should happen to be touching. very few letters were written in those hard times that were not touching, especially those which fathers sent home. in this one little was said of the hardships endured, the dangers faced, or the homesickness conquered. it was a cheerful, hopeful letter, full of lively descriptions of camp life, marches, and military news, and only at the end did the writers heart overflow with fatherly love and longing for the little girls at home.10. what did the girls do after their mother arrived home? a. they asked her to make dinner. b. they told her about their day. c. they got boxes ready to go for the next day. d. they tried to make her comfortable.11. the girls father had not been drafted because he _. a. was too old b. had been injured c. was a chaplain d. had children12. what was most likely keeping the girls father away from home? a. a storm. b. a battle. c. a sickness. d. a job.13. why did jo most likely sit with her back toward everyone while listening to the letter? a. to show her sisters that she is angry b. so that she can sit more comfortably c. so that she has enough light to read d. to hide her feelings from her sisters14. the letter is compared to a treasure to show _. a. that mother was teasing the girls b. the value of the letter to the girls c. that mother had money in her pocket d. the mothers love for the girls15. in paragraph 3, the word “inquiries” means _. a. scolding b. questions c. lessons d. arrivals参考答案 d a b d b b *结束 (2010唐山联考)when i was a child, my mom was pushed me to study hard，1._hoping i could get a chance to go to college. i experience2._pressure for the first time. i did that my mom expected3._because i didnt want to let her off. i was born to a poor4._peasant family, but i really knew life was not easy. all the5._things my mother did was the result of her hope that i could6._lead better life in the future. as the saying goes, “no pains7._no gains.”i was finally able to meet my mother expectations and8._have a chance to go to college. thanks to my mothers push and the 9._pressure, i made it. now, i no longer think pressure is a good thing.10._答案与解析：1去掉第二个was此处不用被动语态，故was多余。2experienceexperienced此处应用一般过去时态，与全文时态保持一致。3thatwhat这里用what引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语，that没有这种用法。4offdown结合上下文可知此处意为“我不想让她失望”，故应用let sb. down表示“让某人失望”。5butand或so此处应为顺承关系而非转折关系，故将but改为and或so。6waswere此处主语为all the things，故应用were。7better前加alead a better life表示“过一种更好的生活”。8mothermothers此处表示“达到了妈妈的期望”，故应用其所有格形式。910goodbad根据上文可知此处是指“我不再认为压力是一件坏事”，故应将good改为bad。*结束例1（2012全国卷1） last night i was driving from harrisburg to lewisburg，distance of about eighty miles. it was late. several times i got stuck behind a slow-moving truck on a narrow road with a solid white line on my left, and i became increasingly impatient. at one point along an open road, i came to a crossing with a traffic light. i was alone on the road by now, but as i drove near the light, it turned red and i made a stop. i looked left, right and behind me. nothing. not a car, no suggestion of car lamps, but there i sat, waiting for the light to change, the only human being for at least a mile in any direction. i started wondering why 1 refused to run the light i was not afraid of being caught, because there was clearly no policeman wound, and there certainly would have been no danger in going through it. much later that night, the question of why id stopped for that light came back to me. i think istopped because its part of a contract(契约)we all have with each other. its not only the law, but it is an agreement we have, and we trust each other to honor it: we dont go through red lights. trust is our first inclination(倾向).doubting others does not seem to be natural to us. the whole construction of our society depends on mutual(相互)trust, not