TOEFL Online 谢侃托福写作方法课讲义 4.pdf

托福强化写作 4 谢侃 老师 课程进度 课次 课次 教学目标 教学目标 1 独立写作评分标准 投其所好 审题 制定策略 2 如何写开头段 中间段总论 3 如何写中间段 论点 论证 论据 4 如何写让步段 结尾段 范文回顾 5 如何处理综合写作 信息解构 信息重组 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 让步段 让步段 让步段的好处 1 少想 一个理由 2 可以纯说理 3 比较容易操作 2个层次 让步段结构 承认漏洞 堵漏 托福议论 文的两种模式 A模式和B模式 例题1 富 人是否应该帮助穷 人 例题2 中国电影好看还是外国电影好看 A模式的让步段 前半段 承认漏洞 选A 那么A 也有缺点 AB模式的让步段 前半段 承认漏洞 选A 那么 A也有缺点 或者B也有优点 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 让步段 让步段 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 让步段 看真实学生案例让步段 看真实学生案例1 1 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 让步段 看真实学生案例让步段 看真实学生案例2 2 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 让步段 承认漏洞让步段 承认漏洞 真题练习 例题 Agree or disagree for a business to succeed it must put more money in advertising 1 主观点 太绝对 至少还有另外两个投钱的 方 面 2 题型 结论题 3 漏洞 当然 不是说 广告就不重要哦 因为现在已 经不是 一个 酒 香不怕巷 子深 的时代了 好的 广告能 让销量锦上添花 堵漏 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 让步段 堵漏让步段 堵漏 三种 堵漏 方式 1 次要 方 面 2 解决 方案 3 换种思维 举例 观点 我爱你 1 长的帅 2 很有才 让步段 承认漏洞 不过你性格不好 但是 堵漏 1 我不在乎 2 我会改造你 3 无法驾驭也是你的魅 力 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 让步段 堵漏让步段 堵漏 让步段常 用句型 段 首 Admittedly I am not saying denying that However 次要 方 面 However on balance the issues above seem to be minor factors in comparison with because 解决 方案 However as long as I we government society the problems above will be perfectly solved 换种思维 However if we look at this problem from a different angle a favorable side of it can be found 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 让步段 堵漏让步段 堵漏 例1 学 生是否应该兼职 观点 Students should take part time jobs 主题句1 Students can make some pocket money to reduce their parents Pinancial burden 主题句2 Some working experience will be accumulated which is benePicial for their future career 让步段结构 打 工 学业下降 只要合理安排时间 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 让步段 堵漏让步段 堵漏 让步段范例 Admittedly I am not saying that students taking par time jobs is impeccable For instance too much time on part time job will cause a decline in their academic performance However as long as they manage to strike a balance between part time job and academic study the issues above will be perfectly solved 解决 方案 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 让步段 堵漏让步段 堵漏 例2 教师 工资是否应该和医 生律师 一样 高 观点 应该 一样 高 应该 大幅度提升教师 工资 主题句1 attract more talents to devote to education 主题句2 let teachers focus on fostering students 让步段 Admittedly I am not denying that a dramatic rise in teachers salary may bring about undesirable results For instance school authority will face great Pinancial burden and may cut down on its investment on campus facilities However the issue above seem to be insigniPicant if the school lacks wonderful teachers 次要 方 面 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 让步段 堵漏让步段 堵漏 例题3 论 文应该 立刻做还是等想好再做 观点 立刻做 主题句1 可以不断调整思路 最后达到理想状态 主题句2 压 力分解 时间不会太紧张 让步段 Admittedly I am not saying that working on the assignment right away is Plawless For instance people may try various thoughts popping out in their minds at the beginning which is indeed an inefPicient way However if viewed from a different angle a favorable side of it can be discovered making mistakes is also a road to success because we can Pind the best solution by trials and errors 换种思路 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 让步段 具象拆分让步段 具象拆分 堵漏堵漏 绝对题 现象证明题 也有漏洞 例题2 the rules that the society today requires young people to follow and obey are too strict 观点 主题句 不同意 其实很多规则都不严格 找 对象问题 18岁以下禁 止抽烟买酒 让步段 当然 不是说严格的社会规则就没有 比如 一些触犯法律或道德底线的问题 吸毒 堕胎 但 是这些由于法律的约束 大部分 人不会触犯 大部分的 规则都不严 整个社会对于年轻 人越来越宽容 次 要问题 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 结尾段 结尾段 结构 重申观点 归纳理由 or 升华主题 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 结尾段 结尾段 结尾段段 首的重点表达 1 To put it in a nutshell 2 From what has been discussed above I can draw a conclusion that 3 All in all In a word To sum up In summary 之后 可以将开头段的观点稍作修改重写 一遍 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 结尾段 结尾段 归纳理由 It is not only because but also because 例题 现在 比去更容易保持 身体健康吗 结尾 To put it into nutshell it is easier to maintain good health for people nowadays than it was in the past It is not only because there is a higher level of medical care but also there are a lot of sports facilities available to the public 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 结尾段 结尾段 具象拆分 角度的归纳 Owing to the limitation of room I am unable to give more examples but I believe that the cases of and have already proven the validity of my point of view 例题 与过去相 比 现在的 广告变得不诚实了 结尾 To put it in a nutshell in today s world advertisements are indeed less honest than they were in the past Owing to the limitation of room I am unable to give more examples but I believe that the cases of restaurant and training school have already proven the validity of my point of view 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 结尾段 结尾段 升华主题 号召 呼吁 以 小见 大 最爱的 方式 名 言 解读 怎么应 用在当下 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 结尾段 结尾段 升华主题 例题1 整理房间的学 生更容易获得 生活和事业的成 功 结尾 To put it in a nutshell a student who has the habit of keeping room neat and organized is more likely to succeed Aristotle once said excellence is a habit This good habit is not only rePlected in a successful person s outstanding work but also in his or her clean and orderly room 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 结尾段 结尾段 升华主题 例题2 演讲稿应该 立刻做还是等有好点 子之后再做 结尾 In conclusion my preference for working on the job immediately is clearly justiPied through above mentioned reasons and examples I am a big fan of a motto to blossom in action or to wither in waiting Let s take action right away and never let our life slip through our Pingers 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 结尾段 结尾段 例题 做家务对孩 子 而 言好不好 结尾 To put it in a nutshell the importance of doing household chores cannot be overestimated There is an old saying in China a person who never cleans up his house is unlikely to clean up the whole country which means that a great success starts with single tiny tasks Maybe household chores are the Pirst step towards success 1 1 托福独立写作托福独立写作 范文讲解 范文讲解 2015 11 82015 11 8 题 The school has been funding for students to The school has been funding for students to participate in different types of activities but this participate in different types of activities but this year due to the lack of money the school will fund year due to the lack of money the school will fund only one activity Which one should the school fund only one activity Which one should the school fund sports arts and volunteering sports arts and volunteering 题型分类 选择题 3 3选1 1 论证 角度 原因挖掘 观点选择 让步 开头 留下体育 话题引 入 他 人观点 明确 立场 过渡 As the enrollment of students is expanding many schools are struggling to pay all kinds of bills In order to alleviate current fi nancial stress the school authority decides to stop funding some of the activities provided to students Now a heated debate has arisen about which one of the following activities deserves the funding sports arts and volunteering From my perspective sports should be the last option the school takes to discontinue the funding My reasons are as follows 79 words 中间段1 1 体育确保学 生 身体素质 主题句 说理论证 细节例 子 Firstly sports allow students to build a good body Higher expectations from parents and heavier academic workload exert enormous pressure on today s students Thus they cannot do without a decent physical condition In this sense sports a way of building a strong body plays an indispensible role in a student s campus life If the school stops funding sports students will fail to do well in study due to the lack of a good body My high school is a good case in point which attaches great importance to sports The school authority would rather purchase sports equipment than spend money on the decorations of teaching buildings Although the campus looks outdated students are all thankful for having a good body 120 words 中间段2 2 体育提供了区别于学习不 一样的氛围 有助于 学 生全 面发展 主题句 说理论证 细节例 子 Besides sports provide a different atmosphere from study which is benefi cial for students overall development As an old saying goes all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy Going to school is not all about study and there must be something different for students to experience Sports are such an ideal activity in which students learn to compete against others cooperate with team members and they also understand the meaning of pushing the limits Those qualities are lifelong benefi cial assets Many successful fi gures like Jack Ma the president of Alibaba group may be not straight A student back in school days but they shar