语法填空之从句部分(有答案)2.docx

2012届高三第二轮复习资料之语法填空语法填空之连词专讲一、名词性从句*做题指导：1.正确分析句子成分是做对题的关键。2.连接词的特点：that没有意义，在从句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分； whether, if 表“是否”，在从句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分； what, which, how, where, when, whatever等，有各自的意义，在从句中担任成分。3. that 引导主语、表语、同位语从句时不省略；有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略；引导的宾语从句中含有从句时，也不省略。4. 介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句，此时需要用it作形式宾语；某些动词enjoy, hate, have, like, love, appreciate, take也不能接that引导的宾语从句，此时需要用it作形式宾语。如：You may rely on it that he will come on time.5. reason做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导。6.doubt 在肯定句中其后的宾语从句常用whether, if 引导；doubt在否定和疑问句中其后的宾语从句常用that引导。如：There is some doubt _whether_ he will come tomorrow.7. 与if相比较，whether 引导所有名词性从句，也可用于连接介词后的宾语从句，可以discuss, decide 后引导宾语从句，还可与or not 连用。*考题检验1. _ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.2. There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.3. World Aids day is also important in reminding us that HIV has not gone away, and _ there are many things still to be done.4. News came from the school office _ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.5. I was close to being killed the other day. A car passed me at _ I thought was a dangerous speed.6. There is no doubt _ John will support you.7. Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales please?8. We have offered her the job, but I dont know _ she will accept it.9. Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read fast.10. I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finish anything.11. As far as I can see, there is no possibility _ he will win the tennis match this time.12. American scientists have discovered that walnut trees can produce more than walnuts. The scientists say walnut trees also can make a chemical form of the popular pain-killing medicine aspirin. The trees do this under the stress of disease 1_ other threats. Scientists say the chemical may help the trees reduce damage from dry weather, unseasonable temperature 2_ other changes in the environment. The results are important 3_ presence of the chemical could warn growers early 4_ a tree is in danger. Growers could recognize a problem 5_ leaves on walnut trees die and fall off. The scientists say the 6_(find) also show that a plant can communicate with other plants through the atmosphere. For example, a tree could communicate 7_ it is under attack from insects. 8_ that information, a grower could begin corrective treatment. Researchers 9_(know) for a long time that laboratory plants may produce methyl salicylate, aspirins chemical form. Aspirin was first made from the bark covering on willow trees. 10_ the researchers had never before found methyl salicylate in a forest. They have not confirmed that trees could emit, 11_ give out, large amounts of the chemical into the atmosphere.答案：1,what 2. that 3. that 4. that 5. what 6.that 7. whoever 8. whether/if 9. how 10. why 11. that12(1. or 2. and 3, because/as/since 4. that 5. before 6. findings 7. when 8. With 9. have known 10. or二、定语从句*做题指导1. 正确分析句子成分是做对题的关键。2. 引导词的特点： *关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose； 关系副词when, where, why 和that。（略） *that既指人又指物，先行词是everything, all等或有 the first, the most, the very 等修饰时都能用，所以一般情况下用that引导定语从句比较保险，但以下情况不能用，切记： a. 在非限制性定语从句中（从句前面有逗号与主句隔开），用which或who, whom; b. 前面有介词时，用which 或whom; c. 前面的先行词是anyone, those 时， 用who； *as 和which 可以引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个句子（which有时也仅仅指代主句的一个词和一部分）。which引导的这种从句只能放在主句后，as 引导的这种从句可以放在主句前、后、或在中间插入。另外，以下短语几乎成为固定搭配：as is often the case, as is known to all, as is hoped, as is natural, as is reported, as has been said, as we know。 如：_As_ is announced in todays newspapers, all the schools will reopen on Sept. 1st. *当先行词为case, situation, condition, point 时， 且从句不缺少主要成分，用where引导；而出现occasion常用when; * 关系副词where, when 有时用作关系代词； 如：He climbed up to the top of the temple, from where he could see nothing but trees. * which 偶尔也指人，着重于该人的品质，地位，身份，而不是人本身。 如：Her sister has become a lawyer, which she wants to be. *比较： a. There are 20 people in the bus, most of _ are boys. b. There are 20 people in the bus, most of _boys. c. There are 20 people in the bus and most of _ are boys. key: whom/ them/them * 比较： a. _ is known to us all, the earth goes around the sun. b. _ is known to us all is that the earth goes around the sun. c. _ is known to us all that the earth goes around the sun. Key: As/ What/It *比较： a. He is one of the students who _ (praise) by the teacher. b. He is the only one of the students who _(praise) by the teacher. Key: were praised/was praised * 比较： a. Rose is such a kind girl _ will surely give others help if possible. b. Rose is such a kind girl _ she has won a high reputation in our class. Key:as/that考题检验1. There isnt a moment _ Im not thinking of you.2. I hate the way _ you never look at me when you speak to me.3. Thousands of Haitians cheered as the Chinese medical team arrived, many of _ even cried with joy.4. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction of _ had taken more than three years.5. She has married again, _ was unexpected.6. The Beatles, _ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.7. It is such a good place _ everybody wants to go and visit _ it is well known all over the world. 8. The book was written in 1946, _(during which/ since when) the education system has witnessed great change. 9. One of the boys who _(be) my friends _(be) very good at English. 10. Occasions are very rare _ I have the time to spend a whole day with my kids. 11. I will put the book _ you placed it and make a mark at the place _ can be easily seen. 12. It is on the morning of May first _ I met Liang at the airport. 13. Influenza, or flu, is 1_ common infection of the nose and throat, and sometimes the lungs. The cause is a virus that passes from one person to another. The virus spreads through the air 2_ an infected person expels air suddenly.Medical experts have identified three major kinds of influenza. They call them type A, B and C. Type C is 3_(little) serious. People may not even know they have it. But researchers study the 4_ two kinds very closely. Viruses change to survive. This can make 5_ difficult for the body to recognize and fight an infection.A person 6_has suffered one kind of flu develops the same kind again. The bodys defense system produces antibodies. These substances stay in the blood and destroy the virus 7_ it appears again. 8_ the body may not recognize a flu virus 9_ has even a small change.Each year, researchers develop vaccines(疫苗) to prevent the spread of the flu virus. The WHO holds meetings in 10_ experts discuss 11_ kinds of flu viruses to include in the next vaccine.Key: 1. when 2. that 3. whom 4. which 5. which 6. which 7. as ; that 8. since when 9. are;is 10. when 11. where;where 12. that 13. (1. a 2. when 3. least 4. other 5. it 6. who 7. when 8. But 9. which/that 10. which 11. what三、状语从句和连词*做题指导1. 熟悉状语从句的分类，熟悉每个连词的语义和语用特征，尤其是：as, since的灵活运用；before, until, unless, while, as, if, in case 这些难以区分的词。 2. 区分常用的含时间状语的句型，如 Its/It has been + 一段时间+ since; It is/was +具体时间+ when; It will be/was +一段时间+before; It is/was + 时间状语+ that3. before sb. knew it (不知不觉) Before I could say a word(还来不及说什么) before long(不久以后)4. be on the point of doingwhen; be about to do when; be doing when; had just done when;5. as 作连词可以表“因为”，“当时候”，“照.那样”，“尽管”； 表“作为”时是一个介词。6. No sooner than; Hardly when;考题检验1. More often, it would be better _ we dont pretend we feel strong _ we are weak or pretend _ we are brave when we are scared.2. _ all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post.3. I usually do the washing-up and leave the cooking to my wife, _ she is a better cook than me.4. He had no sooner finished his speech _ the students started cheering.5. One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away _ my daughter heard a cry for help.6. _ football is her main focus, she is also great at basketball.7. Strange _ it sounded, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.8. How long do you think it will be _ the computer puts forward a new product?9. They notice that plants dont grow well _ is much shade.10. The girl sang happily _ she walked along the lake.11. 40-year-old Scott crossed the finishing line of the London Marathon yesterday 1. _ walking for 128 hours in a deep sea divers suit weighing 54 kilos. He did it 2_(raise) money for children with cancer. Mr. Scott once has suffered from cancer himself and has been living under its shadow 3_ he was 27. 4 _ he was moving very slowly on his way, his helpers were busy collecting money from the public. Our hero spent five days on the road and the nights in the camper van. When he got to 5_ finish, he was greeted by the Paula Radcliff, 6._(win) of the womens race on Sunday. “7_was very tiring because of the weight of the suit,” said Mr. Scott. “I often felt as 8_ I just couldnt go any further. But I was determined to finish, 9_ hard it was. And I am pleased that I have raised $100,000 for children with cancer.” But Mr. Scott is going to rest there. No sooner had he finished the Marathon 10_ he was talking about his next project - a bike ride across Australia.Key: 1. if; when;that 2. Though/Although/while 3. because/as 4. that 5. when 6. Though/While 7. as/though 8. before 9. where 10. while/as11. (1. after 2. to raise 3. until 4. when 5. the 6. winner 7. It 8. if 9. howeve10. than) 高考语法填空Around twenty years ago I was living in New York 1I had a lot of experience and a Masters degree，I could not find satisfying work I was driving a school bus to make ends meet and living with a friend of mine，for I had lost my flatI had attended five interviews with a company and one day，between bus runs，they called to say I did not get 2job“Why has my life become so hard?”I thought 3(painful) As I pulled the bus over 4(drop) off a little girl，she handed me an earring(耳环) saying that I should keep it in case somebody claimed(认领)itThe earring 5(paint) black and said“BE HAPPY” At first I got angryThen it hit meI had been giving all of my attention to what was going wrong with 6 life rather than what was right! I decided then and there to make a list of fifty things I was happy withLater,I decided to add more things to the listThat night there was a phone call for me7a lady who was a director at a large hospitalShe asked me8I would give a one-day lecture on stress 9(manage) to 200 medical workersI said yesMy day there went very well，and before long I got a well-paid jobTo this day I know that it was because I changed my way of thinking 10I completely changed my life改错Mr. Zhang is sixty years old and had retired. He taught our biology when we were in Grade One. He taught very good. He tried hisbestto make his classes lively. He usually made good preparations for the lessons and was strict in us. Each time when we made mistakes in our homework, he wouldask us to correct it. I was poor in biology. He often helps me with my study patiently. Withhishelp I madegreatprogresses. He wasverykind to his students. As experienced teacher, he was respected or loved by all the students完形填空(共20小题；每小题15分，满分30分) Every Wednesday，I go to Cantata Adult Life Services，a local retirement community，with my classmates to do community service Our visits last about an hour, playing board games and cards with the residents 41 were there You can watch all the movies and TV shows you want about“life back then”，but nothing 42 with talking to the people who were actually thereJust hearing their stories has 43 me in a way never thought possible Whether it was talking to 98-year-old“Hurricane Hilda”about her glory days 44 a roller skater or chatting with Lou about the times she danced with a famous actor, I was completely impressed by every single 45 the residents wanted to share with me Even the residents who dont have 46 memories make the experience fulfillingI remember visiting MrsRobinsonShe couldnt 47 much about her past，but she told me shed 48 forget how kind I was just to listen to her“rambling(漫淡）”. It made the realize that its the 49 things that make life worth livingThats something I wont 50 anytime. If theres one thing Ive realized in my three years of visiting