专业英语中常用符号和数学表达式.pdf

那你就得了解各种数学名称了 比如 y 分之 x 是 x over y x 乘以 y 是 x times y 除以 是 divided by 加 plus 减 minus x 的 y 次方 是 x to the power of y 根 是 root 几次跟就是几的英语序数形式 6 次根 6th root 1 A 的三次方 B 的立方根 CXD 的五次方 E F 读做 A cube plus the cube root of B minus C multiplied by the 5th power of D all divided by E equals F 2 6 3 7 12 4 35X5 9 1 3 读 做 Six plus three and seven twelfths minus four decimal three five multiplied by fiv e all divided by nine and a third 3 基本术语 数学 mathematics 数字 number 双数 even number 单数 odd number 计算 calculate 口算 calculate mentally 笔算 calculate using pen and paper 竖式 vertical form 一位数 1 digit number 两位数 2 digit number 文字题 word problem 应用题 story problem 4 常用符号 plus minus equal s is greater more than is less than brackets 5 加减法及各部分名称 加法 addition 加数 addend 和 sum 减法 subtraction 被减数 minuend 减数 subtrahend 差 difference 6 数位知识 数位表 place value chart 个 Units Ones 十 Tens 百 Hundreds 7 图形名称 长方体 cuboid 正方体 cube 圆柱 cylinder 球 sphere 长方形 rectangle 正方形 square 三角形 triangle 圆 circle 边 side 角 angle 面 face 专业英语中常用符号和数学表达式 1 数的分类 complex number 复数 zero naught 0 零 real number 实数 imaginary number 虚数 relational number 有理数 irrational number 无理数 integer number 整数 positive integer number 正整数 natural number 自然数 negative integer number 负整数 fraction 分数 decimal 小数 odd number 奇数 even number 偶数 cardinal number 基数 ordinal number 序数 approximate number 近似数 significant number 有效数 2 整数 addition 加法 subtraction 减法 addend 加数 subtrahend 减数 augend 被加数 minuend 被减数 plus sign 加号 minus sign 减号 sum 和 difference diffa 差 plus add and increase 加 minus decrease subtract 减 is equal 等 division 除法 multiplication 乘法 divide 除 multiply multiplied by times 乘 divisor 除数 multiplier 乘数 dividend 被除数 multiplicand 被乘数 quotient 商 product 积 remainder 余数 positive 正 negative 负 3 小数和分数 numerator 分子 denominator 分母 decimal point 小数点 naught point four 零点四 fraction stroke 分数线 recurring decimal 循环小数 4 百分数 percent 百分比 interest 利息 average 平均数 round off 舍入 discount 折扣 5 幂与指数 power 幂 乘方 root extracting 开方 exponent 指数 logarithms 对数 X squared 某数的平方 cube 三次方 three cubed 三次方的 four 乘四次方 cube root 立方根 square root 平方根 to rise to the power of five 使乘五次方 radical sign 根号 6 代数 algebra 代数 equation 等式 方程式 inequality 不等式 unknown number 未知数 absolute value 绝对值 simple equation 一次方程 quadratic equation 二次方程 cubic equation 三次方程 monomial 单项式 polynomial 多项式 variable 变量 coefficient 系数 differential 微分 integral 积分 derivative 导数 function 函数 ratio 比 proportion 比例 sign of equality 等号 sign of inequality 不等号 interval 区间 matrix 矩阵 theorem 定理 lemma 引理 definition 定义 7 常用数学表达式 1 2 a half one half l 3 a third one third 2 3 two thirds 1 4 a quarter one quarter a fourth one fourth l 100 a one hundredth l 1 000 a one thousandth 113 324 one hundred and thirteen over three hundred and twenty four four and two thirds forty five and eighty nine over twenty three 0 1 one tenth point one 0 01 one hundredth point zero one 0 001 one thousandth point zero zero one point two zero one 2050 0357 two thousand and fifty point zero three five seven 0 25 zero point two five point two five repetend five zero point two five recurring zero point three seven twenty five recurring 对 483579 四舍五入到千位 round off 483579 to nearest thousand 108 one followed by eighteen zeros 30 8 negative thirty point eight 2 3i two minus three i two minus three times i 2 two per cent two percent 5 five per mill five permill infinity x y z x plus y is z add x to y is z x and y is z x y bracket x plus y bracket closed x y x minus y subtract y from x y from x x subtracts y x y x plus or minus y x y xy xy multiply x by y x multiplied by y x by y x times y x y divide x by y y into x x over y x y the ration of x to y x y x varies as y x is in direct proportion to y x y x equals y x is equal to y x is y x y x is not equal to y x is not y x y x is identical to y x is equivalent to y x is equivalent to y x y x is approximately equal to y x approximately equals y x y x is greater than y x is more than y x y x is much greater than y x is far greater than y x y x is greater than or equal to y x y x is less than y x y x is much less than y x y x is less than or equal to y 0 x 1 zero is less than x is less than 1 x is greater than zero and less than 1 0 x 1 zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1 x2 x square x squared the square of x the second power of x x to second power x3 x cube x cubed the cube of x the third power of x x to the third power xn the nth power of x x to the nth power x to the power n the square root of x x squared the cube root of x the nth root of x x n x to the power minus n x y 2 x plus y all squared x over y all squared x i x i x subscript i x suffix i x sub i lognx log x to the base n log of x to the base n log10 x log x to base 10 common logarithm logex lnx log x to the base e log to the base e of y natural log of y ex exp x exponential function of x e to the power x the summation of x sub i where i goes from 1 to n the sum from i equals one to n x i the sum as i runs from one to n of the x i the product of x sub i where i goes from one to n the product of all x i from i equals one to n the product of all xi from i equals one to infinity the absolute value of x mod x modulus x the mean value of x x bar x hat x tilde x x asterisk x prime x double prime x double prime sub m f x f x f of x the function f of x a function f from S to T f x f prime x f dash x the 1st derivative of f with respect to x f x f double prime x f double dash x the second derivative of f with respect to x f x f triple prime x f triple dash x the third derivative of f with respect to x f4 x four x the fourth derivative of f with respect to x x n factorial finite difference or increment x x the increment of x dx dee x dee of x differential x del nabla nth del nabla the differential coefficient of y with respect to x the first derivative of y with respect of x the second derivative of y with respect of x the nth derivative of y with respect of x the partial derivative of y with respect to u the second partial derivative of y with respect to x the partial derivation of z with respect to x of the partial derivative of z with respect to y integral of double Integral of n fold integral of the integral between limits a and b the integral from a to b the indefinite integral of a times x with respect to x the integral from a to b of function of x the double integral of f of x y the limit as x approaches 0 the limit as x approaches 0 from above the limit as x approaches 0 from below there exists for all because therefore x y x is perpendicular to y x y x is parallel to y x y the difference between x and y x y x varies directly as y xy x implies y if x then y xy x if and only if y x is equivalent to y x and y are equivalent empty set xA x belongs to A x is an element or a member of A xA x does not belong to A x is not an element or a member of A AB A is contained in B A is a subset of B AB A contains B B is a subset of A AB A cap B A meet B A intersection B AB A cup B A join B A union B A B A minus B the difference between A and B A B A cross B the Cartesian product of A and B A 与 B 的笛卡尔积 A the norm or modulus of A vector F AB the length of the segment AB AT A transpose the transpose of A A 1 A inverse the inverse of A x y x maps into y x is sent or mapped to y x x approaches infinity x angle x x is perpendicular to y x is parallel to y sin sine cos cosine tg tan tangent ctg cot cotangent sc sec secant csc cosec cosecant sin 1 arcsin arc sine cos 1 arcos arc cosine sinh the hyperbolic sine cosh the hyperbolic cosine round brackets parentheses the signs of grouping square angular brackets bracket angle bracket braces 8 常用希腊字母 字母 读音 字母 读音 字母 读音 alpha beta gama xi psi delta epsilon zeta phi omega lambda mn nu eta rho sigma tau pi 9 其他数学名词 line 线 angle 角 intersecting line 相交线 parallel line 平行线 triangle 三角形 quadrilateral 四边形 rectangle 矩形 lozenge 菱形 square 正方形 polygon 多边形 circle 圆 arc 弧 perimeter 周长 area 面积 diameter 直径 volume 体积 10 具体读法实例 y f x y is a function of x 6 5 30 six times multiplied by five equals is equal to thirty x y x y x minus y x plus y the fifth root of x square y 10 y to the minus tenth power 20 5 16 4 the ratio of 20 to 5 equals the ration of 16 to 4 20 is to 5 as 16 is to 4 e 1 6 10 19 e equals one point multiplied by ten to