职称英语理工类A级考试重点讲解.pdf

职称英语押题试卷职称英语押题试卷 理工类理工类 A A A A 级级 第一卷第一卷 题库序号 1 题库名称 考前冲刺模拟题一 题库说明 考前冲刺模拟题一 题库类型 冲刺模考 考试时间 120 1 1 Our boss made an abrupt change of plan five minutes ago A boring B sudden C joyful D slow B 第一步 这道题考查 abrupt 这个词的同义词 第二步 通过查词典我们可以找到 abrupt 这个词的同义词有 curt hasty headlong hurried precipitate quick rapid short sudden swift 等 第三步 选项中有 sudden 这个答案 所以这道题答案选择 B 2 2 The students were fascinated by his ideas A fascia B fashion C intrigued D hated C 第一步 这道题考查 fascinated fascinate 的过去式 这个词的同义词 第二步 通过查词典我们可以找到 fascinate 这个词的同义词有 attract charm delight enchant enthrall excite interest intrigue thrill 等 第三步 选项中有 intrigued 同义词列表中 intrigue 的过去分词形式 这个答案 所以这道 题答案选择 C 3 3 Cities have a lure for young people from the country A temptation B lurk C lurch D temperature A 第一步 这道题考查 lure 这个词的同义词 第二步 通过查词典我们可以找到lure这个词的同义词有 lead on persuade seduce seduction tempt temptation 等 第三步 选项中有 temptation 这个答案 所以这道题答案选择 A 4 4 They overlooked the enormous risks involved A enough B small C large D little C 第一步 这道题考查 enormous 这个词的同义词 第二步 通过查词典我们可以找到 enormous 这个词的同义词有 large great vast immense huge colossal giant 等 第三步 选项中有 large 这个答案 所以这道题答案选择 C 5 5 I suggested to him that we should tackle the problem another way A object B approve C speak D proposed D 第一步 这道题考查 suggested suggest 的过去式 这个词的同义词 第二步 通过查词典我们可以找到 suggest 这个词的同义词有 advise advocate moot move propose propound put forward 等 第三步 选项中有 proposed propose 的过去式 这个答案 所以这道题的答案选择 D 6 6 We adhere to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly A fellow B follow C foment D fond of B 第一步 这道题考查 adhere to 这个词组的同义词 第二步 通过查词典我们可以直接找到 adhere to 这个词组的同义词有 follow abide by 第三步 选项中有 follow 这个答案 所以这道题的正确答案选择 B 7 7 Their marriage has been a very happy one A glad B painful C dangerous D random A 第一步 这道题考查 happy 这个词的同义词 第二步 通过查词典我们可以找到 happy 这个词的同义词有 festive glad gleeful jolly joyful 等 第三步 选项中有 glad 这个答案 所以这道题的正确答案选择 A 8 8 All she could see when she looked down was an immense length of neck A immersed B pretty C vague D vast D 第一步 这道题考查 immense 这个词的同义词 第二步 通过查词典我们可以找到 immense 这个词的同义词有 huge large vast great enormous 等 第三步 选项中有 vast 这个答案 所以这道题的正确答案选择 D 9 9 Professor Smith gave a clear explanation of the experiment A obscure B obvious C strange D wrong B 第一步 这道题考查 clear 这个词的同义词 第二步 通过查词典我们可以找到 clear 这个词的同义词有 arguable certain evident obvious positive 等 第三步 选项中有 obvious 这个答案 所以这道题的正确答案选择 B 10 10 The crimes committed there invested the place with an air of mystery and gloom A puzzle B absurd C terror D honest A 第一步 这道题考查 mystery 这个词的同义词 第二步 通过查词典我们可以找到 mystery 这个词的同义词有 enigma miracle secret puzzle 等 第三步 选项中有 puzzle 这个答案 所以这道题的正确答案选择 A 11 11 Life without friends is dull and empty A interesting B boring C dust D sleepy B 第一步 这道题考查 dull 这个词的同义词 第二步 通过查词典我们可以找到 dull 这个词的同义词有 uninteresting tedious tiresome boring 等 第三步 选项中有 boring 这个答案 所以这道题答案选择 B 12 12 They ended the discussion on a note of optimism A made B completed C started D finished D 第一步 这道题考查 ended end 的一般过去式 这个词的同义词 第二步 通过查词典我们可以找到 end 这个词的同义词有 close complete conclude discontinue finish halt quit 等 第三步 选项中有 finished 列表中 finish 的过去式 这个答案 所以这道题答案选择 D 13 13 Everyone must abide by the law A come to B give to C stick to D thanks to C 第一步 这道题考查 abide by 这个词组的同义词 这个词组应该查 abide 一词 第二步 通过查词典我们可以找到 abide by 这个词组的同义词有 stick to 第三步 选项中有 stick to 这个答案 所以这道题答案选择 C 14 14 We have a tight schedule for your brief visit A long B concise C short lived D funny C 第一步 这道题考查 brief 这个词的同义词 第二步 通过查词典我们可以找到 brief 这个词的同义词有 quick short ephemeral short lived 等 并且 B 选项 concise 也出现在了同义词列表中 这时 我们需要比较两个同义词哪一个 更符合句意 第三步 题干的意思是 我们的日程很紧 只能在你这里做短暂的停留 B 选项的 concise 意思是 简洁的 C 选项的 short lived 意思是 短暂的 刚好符合句子的意思 所以这道 题答案选择 C 15 15 I have every confidence in my promotion A employment B improvement C retirement D advertisement B 第一步 这道题考查 promotion 这个词的同义词 第二步 通过查词典我们可以找到 promotion 这个词的同义词有 advancement betterment forwarding improvement 等 第三步 选项中有 improvement 这个答案 所以这道题答案选择 B 16 The Development of the Computer Mouse The basic computer mouse is an amazingly clever invention with a relatively simple design that allows us to point at things on the computer and it is very productive Think of all the things you can do with a mouse like selecting text for copying and pasting drawing and even scrolling on the page with the newer mice with the wheel Most of us use the computer mouse daily without stopping to think how it works until it gets dirty and we have to learn how to clean it We learn to point at thing before we learn to speak so the mouse is a very natural pointing device Other computer pointing devices include light pens graphics tablets and touch screen but the mouse still our workhorse The computer mouse was invented in 1964 by Douglas Englehart of Stanford University As computer screens became popular and arrow keys were used to more around a body of text it became clear that a pointing device that allowed easier motion through the text and even selection of text would be very useful The introduction of the mouse with the Apple Lisa computer in 1983 really started the computer public on the road to relying on the mouse for routine computer tasks How does the mouse work We have to start at the bottom so think upside down for now It all starts with mouse ball As the mouse ball in the bottom of the mouse rolls over the mouse pad it presses against and turns two shafts The shafts are connected to wheels with several small holes in them The wheels have a pair of small electronic light emitting devices called light emitting diodes LED mounted on either side One LED sends a light beam to the LED on the other side As the wheels spin and a hole rotatesby the light beam gets through to the LED on the other side But a moment later the light beam is blocked until the next hole is in place The LED detects a changing pattern of light converts the pattern into an electronic signal and sends the signal to the computer through wires in a cable that goes out the mouse body This cable is the tail that helps give the mouse its name The computer interprets the signal to tell it where to position the cursor on the computer screen So far we have only discussed the basic computer mouse that most of you probably have or have used One problem with this design is that the mouse gets dirty as the ball rolls over the surface and picks up the dirt Eventually you have to clean your mouse The newer optical mice avoid this problem by having no moving parts 16 Most computer users want to know how the computer mouse works A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned B 第一步 直接看题干 划出题干中的信息词 本题信息词为 how works 第二步 根据信息词回归原文 根据本题信息词 我们回到原文第一段第三句 Most of us use the computer mouse daily without stopping to think how it works until it gets dirty and we have to learn how to clean it 这句话的意思是 大多数电脑使用者天天用电脑却没有想到要了解一 下鼠标的工作原理 只有等到鼠标脏了才不得不去了解一下怎样清洗它 第三步 对比原文和题干信息 选择答案 题目 大多数电脑使用者都想了解鼠标的工作 原理 其意思和原文所表达意思不符 所以本题答案是 B 17 17 According to the author general computer users need not know how the computer mouse was invented A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned C 第一步 直接看题干 划出题干中的信息词 本题信息词为 general computer users invented 第二步 根据信息词回归原文 根据本题信息词 invented 我们回到原文第二段第一句 The computer mouse was invented in 1964 by Douglas Englehart of Stanford University 意思是 斯坦福大学的道格拉斯 恩格哈特在 1964 年发明了鼠标 第三步 对比原文和题干信息 选择答案 题目 在作者看来 一般电脑使用者无需了解 鼠标是如何发明的 题目表达的内容在短文中找不到 所以本题答案是 C 18 18 The computer mouse derives its name from the cable that goes out its body which looks like the tail of a mouse A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned A 第一步 直接看题干 划出题干中的信息词 本题信息词为 derives name cable 第二步 根据信息词回归原文 我们在原文第三段倒数第二 第三句中找到 give its name 而本题信息词 derive 是其同义改写 原句为 This cable is the tail that helps give the mouse its name The computer interprets the signal to tell it where to position the cursor on the computer screen 意思是 鼠标就是因这条天线而得名的 电脑就将信号转译从而传达将指针放在电脑 屏幕的什么位置的信息 第三步 对比原文和题干信息 选择答案 题目 鼠标的名称源自鼠标主体拖着的一根看 上去像老鼠尾巴的电线 其意思和原文所表达的是一致的 题目与原文符合 所以本题答 案是 A 19 19 The key components of a computer mouse are the two LEDs A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned A 第一步 直接看题干 划出题干中的信息词 本题信息词为 key components two LEDs 第二步 根据信息词回归原文 我们在原文第三段第六句中找到了本题信息词 two LEDs 的同义改写 a pair of called light emitting diodes LED 原文为 The wheels have a pair of small electronic light emitting devices called light emitting diodes LED mounted on either side 意思是 有一对小的叫做二极管的光电装置分别位于滚球装置的两侧 原文第三段的第十 句中又说道 The LED detects a changing pattern of light converts the pattern into an electronic signal and sends the signal to the computer through wires in a cable that goes out the mouse body 意思是 二极管将光信号转换为电信号 传送到电脑 电脑根据收到的电信号做出相应的 反应 那么我们从这里就可以推出二极管是鼠标的主要部件 第三步 对比原文和题干信息 选择答案 题目 电脑鼠标的关键部分就是这两个二极管 其意思和原文所表达的是一致的 题目与原文符合 所以本题答案是 A 20 20 When an ordinary computer mouse gets dirty it has to be replaced with a new one A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned B 第一步 直接看题干 划出题干中的信息词 本题信息词为 gets dirty replaced 第二步 根据信息词回归原文 根据本题信息词 我们回到原文第一段第三句 Most of us use the computer mouse daily without stopping to think how it works until it gets dirty and we have to learn how to clean it 意思是 大多数电脑使用者天天用电脑却没有想到要了解一下鼠标的工 作原理 只有等到鼠标脏了才不得不去了解一下怎样清洗它 从这里可以看出鼠标脏了以后 是可以清洗的 第三步 对比原文和题干信息 选择答案 题目 普通的鼠标脏了以后 就必须要买个新 的来替换 其意思和原文所表达意思不符 所以本题答案是 B 21 21 The most durable computer mice on sale are the IBM ones A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned C 第一步 直接看题干 划出题干中的信息词 本题信息词为 durable IBM ones 第二步 根据信息词回归原文 题干的意思是 当前市场上出售的最耐用的鼠标是 IBM 生 产的鼠标 根据本题信息词 我们在原文中找不到相关的内容 所以本题答案是 C 22 22 The optical mouse is superior to the basic one in that the former has no moving parts A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned A 第一步 直接看题干 划出题干中的信息词 本题信息词为 optical mouse superior moving parts 第二步 根据信息词回归原文 根据本题信息词 我们回到原文最后一段的最后一句话 The newer optical mice avoid this problem by having no moving parts 意思是 新的光学鼠标 由于没有滚动部件所以避免了这个问题 第三步 根据信息词回归原文 题干的意思是 光学鼠标因为没有滚动部件 所以比普通 鼠标优越 这里的 avoid this problem 和题干信息词 superior 所表达的是一样的意思 因此 题目和原文意思相符合 所以本题答案是 A 23 Soot Spells Climate Change 1New research from NASA scientists suggests emissions of black soot alter the way sunlight reflects off snow According to a computer simulation black soot may be responsible for 25 percent of observed global warming over the past century 2Soot in the higher latitudes of the Earth where ice is more common absorbs more of the sun senergy and warmth than an icy white background Dark colored black carbon or soot absorbs sunlight while lighter colored ice reflects sunlight 3Soot in areas with snow and ice may play an important role in climate change Also if snow and ice covered areas begin melting the warming effect increases as the soot becomes more concentrated on the snow surface This provides a positive feedback as glaciers and ice sheets melt they tend to get even dirtier said Dr James Hansen a researcher at NASA s Goddard Institute for Space Studies New York 4Hansen found soot seffect on snow albedo solar energy reflected back to space which may be contributing to trends toward early springs in the Northern Hemisphere such as thinning Arctic sea ice melting glaciers and permafrost Soot also is believed to play a role in changes in the atmosphere above the oceans and land 5 Black carbon reduces the amount of energy reflected by snow back into space thus heating the snow surface more thanifthere were no black carbon Hansen said Soot sincreased absorption of solar energy is especially effective in warming the world sclimate This forcing is unusually effective causing twice as much global warming as a carbon dioxide forcing of the same magnitude Hansen noted 6Hansen cautioned although the role of soot in altering global climate is substantial it does not alter the fact that greenhouse gases are the primary cause of climate warming during the past century Such gases are expected to be the largest climate forcing for the rest of this century 7The researchers found that observed warming in the Northern Hemisphere was large in the winter and spring at middle and high latitudes These observations were consistent with the researchers climate model simulations which showed some of the largest warming effects occurred when there were heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlight 23 Paragraph 2 A Soot Affects the Climate More Easily in the High Places B Observations of Warming in the Northern Hemisphere C Explanation of Increased Warming Effect Caused by Soot D Effect to Reduce Snow Albedo E Ways to Reduce Soot Emission F Greenhouse Gases as the Main Factor of Global Warming A 第一步 我们首先看文章的标题 文章标题 Soot Spells Climate Change 的意思是 煤灰 导致气候变化 说明本文是围绕煤灰对气候的影响而展开的说明文 第二步 我们接下来看选项 选项中没有和黑烟无关的选项 所以我们要划出 A F 六项的 信息词 A F 六项的信息词分别为 A 项 more easily high places B 项 Observations Northern Hemisphere C 项 explanation increased D 项 effect reduce snow Albedo E 项 ways reduce soot emission F 项 greenhouse gases main factor global Warming 第三步 接下来找第二段的中心句 第二段的中心为第一句 也就是 Soot in the higher latitudes of the Earth where ice is more common absorbs more of the sun senergy and warmth than an icy white background 这句话的意思是 相比之下 高纬度地区更易结冰且结冰期 较长 故煤灰在高纬度地区吸收的太阳能量要比其在同样处于结冰期的低纬度地区吸收的 太阳能量多很多 第四步 最后看选项 A 选项的信息词为 more easily 和 high places 该选项的意思是 煤灰在高纬度地区更容易影响气候 这和中心句讲的意思是一致的 所以本题的正确答案 为 A 24 24 Paragraph 3 A Soot Affects the Climate More Easily in the High Places B Observations of Warming in the Northern Hemisphere C Explanation of Increased Warming Effect Caused by Soot D Effect to Reduce Snow Albedo E Ways to Reduce Soot Emission F Greenhouse Gases as the Main Factor of Global Warming C 第一步 通过题干我们知道本题考查的是第三段 那么我们来找出第三段的中心句 第三 段的中心句为第一句 也就是 Soot in areas with snow and ice may play an important role in climate change 这句话的意思是 在多冰雪的地方 煤灰是引起气候变化的重要因素 那 么接下来的内容就是在具体阐述煤灰到底是怎样影响气候变化的 第二步 最后看选项 C 选项的信息词为 explanation 解释 和 increased 增长 该选 项的意思是 对煤灰增强温室效应的解释 这和中心句讲的意思是一致的 所以本题的正 确答案为 C 25 25 Paragraph 6 A Soot Affects the Climate More Easily in the High Places B Observations of Warming in the Northern Hemisphere C Explanation of Increased Warming Effect Caused by Soot D Effect to Reduce Snow Albedo E Ways to Reduce Soot Emission F Greenhouse Gases as the Main Factor of Global Warming F 第一步 通过题干我们知道本题考查的是第六段 那么我们来找出第六段的中心句 第六 段的中心句为第一句 也就是 it does not alter the fact that greenhouse gases are the primary cause of climate warming during the past century 这句话的意思是 这并不会改变在过去的 一个世纪里温室气体是导致气候变化的最主要因素的事实 第二步 最后看选项 F选项的信息词为 greenhouse gases main factor 和 Global Warming 该选项的意思是 温室气体是全球温室效应的主要因素 这和中心句讲的意思是一致的 所以本题的正确答案为 F 26 26 Paragraph 7 A Soot Affects the Climate More Easily in the High Places B Observations of Warming in the Northern Hemisphere C Explanation of Increased Warming Effect Caused by Soot D Effect to Reduce Snow Albedo E Ways to Reduce Soot Emission F Greenhouse Gases as the Main Factor of Global Warming B 第一步 通过题干我们知道本题考查的是第七段 那么我们来找出第七段的中心句 第七 段中没有明显的中心句 但是通过本段中 The researchers found that observed warming in the Northern Hemisphere 这些研究者们发现在北半球发现的温室效应 以及 These observations were consistent with the researchers climate model simulations 这些观察报告 与研究者们所假设的气候模型相符合 可以知道 本段主要是在讲研究者们的最终的研究 结果和观察报告 第二步 最后看选项 B 选项的信息词为 observations 和 Northern Hemisphere 该选项的 意思是 对北半球的温室效应的观察报告 这和中心句讲的意思是一致的 所以本题的正 确答案为 B 27 27 In the twentieth century soot A produces much more global warming than a carbon dioxide forcing of the same magnitude B contributed to 25 percent of observed global warming C can produce greenhouse gases D absorb more of sun senergy and warmth than white background E still surpass soot in warming the world sclimate during the last century F can be seen mostly in the Northern Hemisphere B 第一步 我们先通过语法结构解题 本题无明显语法结构 所以我们要用查读法来解题 第二步 接下来划出题干的信息词 题干的信息词为 twentieth century 第三步 接下来将信息词回归原文 信息词的同义改写 the past century 上一个世纪 也 就是指 20 世纪 出现在原文第一段第二句 也就是 According to a computer simulation black soot may be responsible for 25 percent of observed global warming over the past century 这句话的意思是 根据电脑的假设 在过去的一个世纪里 所观察到的 25 的温室效应可 能都是黑煤灰导致的 第四步 最后对比信息 题干中缺失部分正是 B 选项 应该对 25 的全球温室效应负责 的内容 所以本题的正确答案为 B 28 28 Black soot covered snow and ice A produces much more global warming than a carbon dioxide forcing of the same magnitude B contributed to 25 percent of observed global warming C can produce greenhouse gases D absorb more of sun senergy and warmth than white background E still surpass soot in warming the world sclimate during the last century F can be seen mostly in the Northern Hemisphere D 第一步 我们先通过语法结构解题 本题无明显语法结构 所以我们要用查读法来解题 第二步 接下来划出题干的信息词 题干的信息词为 covered snow and ice 第三步 接下来将信息词回归原文 信息词出现在原文第二段第一句 也就是 Soot in the higher latitudes of the Earth where ice is more common absorbs more of the sun senergy and warmth than an icy white background 这句话的意思是 相比之下 高纬度地区更易结冰且 结冰期较长 故煤灰在高纬度地区吸收的太阳能量要比其在同样处于结冰期的低纬度地区 吸收的太阳能量多很多 第四步 最后对比信息 题干中缺失部分正是 D 选项 比同样条件的低纬度地区吸收更多 的太阳能和热量 的内容 所以本题的正确答案为 D 29 29 A soot forcing is unusually effective which A produces much more global warming than a carbon dioxide forcing of the same magnitude B contributed to 25 percent of observed global warming C can produce greenhouse gases D absorb more of sun senergy and warmth than white background E still surpass soot in warming the world sclimate during the last century F can be seen mostly in the Northern Hemisphere A 第一步 我们先通过语法结构解题 本句为一个非限制性定语从句 which 是代替前面的先 行词 a soot forcing 所以 which 后面的从句就是对其的补充说明 但是选项中各选项从 结构来说都可以作为对前面的补充说明 所以我们要用查读法来解题 第二步 接下来划出题干的信息词 题干的信息词为 soot forcing effective 第三步 接下来将信息词回归原文 信息词出现在原文第五段第二句 也就是 Soot s increased absorption of solar energy is especially effective in warming the world s climate This forcing is unusually effective causing twice as much global warming as a carbon dioxide forcing of the same magnitude Hansen noted 这句话的意思是 煤灰吸收太阳能能力的增强使其 在导致全球气温变暖中发挥的作用尤其突出 正因为这种很强的吸热能力 在引起全球气 温变暖方面 煤灰所产生的影响是相同量的二氧化碳所产生影响的两倍 第四步 最后对比信息 题干中缺失部分正是 A 选项 比相同量的二氧化碳所产生的温室 效应要强得多 的内容 所以本题的正确答案为 A 30 30 Hansen cautioned that greenhouse gases A produces much more global warming than a carbon dioxide forcing of the same magnitude B contributed to 25 percent of observed global warming C can produce greenhouse gases D absorb more of sun senergy and warmth than white background E still surpass soot in warming the world sclimate during the last century F can be seen mostly in the Northern Hemisphere E 第一步 我们先通过语法结构解题 本题无明显语法结构 所以我们要用查读法来解题 第二步 接下来划出题干的信息词 题干的信息词为 Hansen cautioned 第三步 接下来将信息词回归原文 信息词出现在原文第六段第一句 也就是 Hansen cautioned although the role of soot in