全国医学考博英语真题及答案解析2004年-育明考博.pdf

中国考博辅导首选学校中国考博辅导首选学校 全国医学考博英语全国医学考博英语真题及答案解析真题及答案解析 2004 年年 patr II vocabulary 10 31 All the characters in the play are A imaginable adj 可想象的 可能的 B imaginary adj 假想的 想象的 虚构的 C imaginative adj 富于想象力的 D imagining 32 The judge all the charges against Smith A dismisseddismiss a charge 驳回指控 B eliminated 除去 排除 削减 人员 不予考虑 eliminate the false and retain the true 去伪存真 C refusedvt 拒绝 谢绝 n 废物 垃圾 D discardedinto the discard 成为无用之物 被遗忘 throw sth into the discard 放弃某事 PSPS 育明考博课程咨询方式育明考博课程咨询方式 扣扣扣扣 547547 063 063 862 TEL862 TEL 四零零四零零 六六八六六八 六九七八六九七八 有售各院校真题有售各院校真题 33 The actress the terms of her contract and was prosecuted 起诉 by the producer 制片人 A ignored 因证据不足而 驳回诉讼 B ratified ratify an amendment to a constitution 批准宪法修正案 C drafted vt 起草 D violated 违犯 扰乱 violate a law 犯法 violate sleep 妨碍睡眠 violate sb s privacy 侵扰某人的安静 闯入私室 34 At this time of the year university admission offices are with inquires from anxious applicants A annoyed B thrilledv 发抖 C trampledn 踩踏 蹂躏 v 践踏 踩坏 轻视 D reproached v 责备 35 When the former President her candidacy 候选资格 she had a good chance of being elected A enforced 强迫 执行 坚持 加强 B endorsed v 在 票据 背面签名 签注 文件 认可 签署 中国考博辅导首选学校中国考博辅导首选学校 C follow up v 穷追 把 探究到底 用继续行动来加强效果 D put forward v 放出 拿出 提出 推举出 36 The country s highest medal was upon him for heroism A earned B bestowed 给与 授 赠 赐 on upon I do not deserve all the praises bestowed upon me 我不配得到这些赞扬 C creditedcredit to 把 归功于 credit sb with 认为某人 某事 具 有 credit sth with 把 归因于某人 某事 D granted 37 The local government leaders are making every effort to the problem of poverty A tackle B taperv 逐渐变细 逐渐减少 The organization tapered off in about half a year 那个组织大约半年内就逐渐消失了 C suppress D tangle 38 At the party we found that the shy girl her mother all the time A harmonizing with v 协调 B clinging to 依附 依靠 坚持 C depending on D adjusting to 适应 调节 39 We managed to reach the top of the mountain and half an hour later we began to A decline B ascend ascend to 升至 追溯 到 时间 C descend descend from 从 下来是 的后裔 源于 descend upon on 突然拜访某 人 D plunge 40 Losing the job was bad but even worse was the feeling that I had my dear wife and child 中国考博辅导首选学校中国考博辅导首选学校 A let alone 停止 中止 放松 B let down 放下 使失望 辜负 松劲 减速下降 C let off 放出 饶恕 准许 暂停工作 D let up 停止 中止 放松 section B 41 The temperature of the atmosphere becomes colder as elevation increase elevation n 上升 海拔 提高 A altitude n 尤指海拔 高度 B aptitude n 恰当 智能 聪明 自然倾向 C latitude n 纬度 范围 用复数 地区 行动或言论的自由 范围 D longitude n 经度 经线 42 She was wo stubborn that she wouldn t change her opinions A unwilling B talented C obstinate D determined 43 On Christmas Eve she spent two hours decorating the room with flower chains A modifying B ornamenting 装饰 修饰 C disposing vt 布置 furniture in its proper order 将家具布置在适当的地方 使易患 某病 Getting your feet wet s you to catching cold 把脚弄湿使你容 易伤风 D packing 包装 捆扎 塞满 Adorn vt 装饰 修饰 embellishment 装饰 润色 修饰 decorate 装饰 bedeck vt with 装饰 be ed with flowers jewels flags 用花 珠宝 旗子 装饰 44 Nobody can stand for long agony of a sever toothache 极大的痛苦 A sufferance 宽容 默许 容忍 忍受 It is beyond 这无法忍受 中国考博辅导首选学校中国考博辅导首选学校 B suppuration 化脓 C plague n 瘟疫 麻烦 灾祸 v 折磨 使 苦恼 D torment 痛苦 苦痛 suffering 痛苦 灾害 损害 痛苦的 torture 剧痛 45 When we recall a story of identical offspring of Adolf Hitler being raised in order to further his horrible work we are outaged A enlighted 授与 知识 启发 启蒙 B calmed C provoked 激怒 惹起 驱使 stir up arouse D moved 感动 鼓动 46 Only native born citizens are eligiblefor the US presidency legible a 清晰的 易读的 legal 法律的 合法的 eligible 常与 for 连用 有被选资格的 be for promotion membership in a society 在协会里有资格提升 当会员 A obliged B intelligible C competent 指人 有能力的 能胜任的 be in ones work 能胜任工作 be to do sth 有能力做某事 D qualified 47 Tomorrow s match has been called offbecause of the foul weather 坏天气 A prevented B delayed C cancelled D forbidden 48 Losing his job was a financial catastrophe for his family A calamity B accident 事故 意外伤害 偶然事件 中国考博辅导首选学校中国考博辅导首选学校 C frustration 挫折 失意 D depression 抑郁 症 阻抑 压低 抑郁 49 Children were expected to be obedient and contribute to the well being of the family A B C D A smart B efficient 效率高的 methods of teaching 有效的教学方法 Proficient a 熟练 的 精通的 有水平的 be in driving a car 开车熟练 C painstaking 辛苦的 勤勉的 小心的 be with ones work 辛勤地工作 苦 干 D submissive 服从的 顺从的 柔顺的 50 While many applaud the increasing individualism and freedom of children within the family others lament the loss of family responsibility and discipline lament v 哀悼 悔恨 悲叹 A mourn B delight C prosecute v 进行 实行 起诉 accuse charge with sue D condemn 判刑 责备 处刑 谴责 denounce rebuke convict sb of sth 证 明 有罪 错误 sb of his errors 证明某人有错误 sb of theft 宣告某人有盗窃罪 be ed of sin 确信有罪 part IV passage one Although speech and writing are the special means of communicating of humans the interchange also takes place in many other ways A person may relay his or her feelings thoughts and reactions through body positioning body contact body odors eye contatct responsive actions habits attitudes interests state of health dress and grooming 修 饰 choice if life style and use of talents in fact through everything the individual says or does 中国考博辅导首选学校中国考博辅导首选学校 In turn every person is constantly receiving multitudes of external and internal messages through his or her five sense and personal biorhythm 生物 节律 system An individual screens selects regulates and controls specific aspects of this information through a process of mental choices Some of these choices are automatic some are subconscious because of habit block or lack of development and some are made by a conscious process The degree to which a person is able to communicate depends upon the extent of his or her conscious awarness priority of need and control of this process The person with a behavior disorder is shut off 切断 from the communicative flow that normally exists among humans His or her mind is confused and he or she may feel unable to express personal thoughts need and emotions and that he or she is communicating clearly but that others cannot or will not understand Because the person is thus isolated in internal problems he or she is interested only in these problems and cannot focus attention on the messages of others The person often projects fears and fantasies onto others 设想某人 怀有和自己 一样的恐惧和幻想 so that no matter what the real content is of the messages that others relay the messages received are threatening ones project sth onto sb 以己之心度人之腹 The cause of such communicative shutoffs are blocks in the neural pathways of the person s processing of information Sometimes a block is physical as in deafness mental retardation 智力迟钝 brain tumor or hardening of the cerebral arteries 动脉硬化 However the most common causes of blocks are injuries to a person s emotional system Emotional blocks occur to some degree in all human beings They usually occur in childhood before good communicatives skills are learned and they are connected to individual symbolism Unless such a block is removed shortly after happening it can have profound and complicating effects that will distort emotional and mental growth and arrest the development potential of the 中国考博辅导首选学校中国考博辅导首选学校 individual Even though a child with blocks will appear to grow and to seem mature in some ways he or she will show the evidence of emotional blocking in efforts to communicate 61 The concluding phrase of the first paragraph implies that human communication A is characterized by two features form and meaning B is mainly conducted through speech and writing C is of two fuctions stimulation and response D takes two forms verbal and nonerbal 62 In the second paragraph the author is mainly concerned with A communicative ability B external and internal messages C information and mental processing D conscious and subconscious awareness 63 Shut off from the communicative flow the person with a behavior disorder A is unable to focus attention on internal problems B is isolated in internal problems C relays threatening messages D all of the above 64 Which of the following is universal according to the passage A Nerual blocks B physical blocks C cerebral blocks D emotional blocks 65 The passage ends with A the contributing factors to emotional and mental disorder B the importance of acquiring good communicative skills C the significance of eliminating early emotional blocks 中国考博辅导首选学校中国考博辅导首选学校 D the warning of emotional blocks common in childhood passage 2 Despression is a state of low vitality and discontent with life in which the individual withdraws from normal life activities even to the point of considering death as an attractive alternative Although everyone experiences the blues 忧郁 沮丧 or periods of low spirits when nothing in life seems to go well when everything seems to be an effort and when efforts lead to frustration these periods are usually brief and are likely to occur when the person is tired hungry lonely or sick Rest good food talking with friends some fun or an end to the sickness are usually enough to cure the blues But when the low spirits persist or when there are large swings in mood from elation to desolation 得意洋洋到悲哀 when nothing seems to catch the interest of the person when relatives of friends cannot cheer the person and he or she continuous to withdraw then the person is depressed be in the blues fall in the blues 情绪低落 feel blue 感到无精打采 give sb the blues 使某人情绪低落 have the blues 郁郁不乐 look blue 神色沮丧 脸色发青 Even such depressions are normal under certain circumstances Anyone who is faced with a serious and painful illness or the loss of a limb is exhausted by repeated narrow escapes 九死一生 from death such as occurs in wartime has been exposed to a dehumanizing 无人性的 environment such as occurred with the Jews in Nazi Germany has had an overwhelming 无法抵抗的 series of stressful setbacks 挫折 or has experienced the death of several family members within a shor time is expected to be depressed However there are many depressed people who seem to the casual observer to have no reason to be depressed Depression under these circumstances stems from severe behavior disturbance 身心等方面的 障碍 失调 in which the person sees 中国考博辅导首选学校中国考博辅导首选学校 himself or herself as worthless Such image 典型 is usually the result of the psychosocical conditioning 条件作用 of a childhood deprived of a parental role model of security love care and attention essential for the development of trusting relationships The depressed person needs to build a new image of himself or herself as a useful and needed person Psychotherapy is often helpful in restoring 恢复 natural inner 内心的 confidence and capacity for meaningful and trusting relationships The depressed person can find little beauty or fun in life His or her talk is filled with gloomy negatives Doom and anxiety fill his or her mind Depression is often cyclical and when the anxiety does lift the person may demonstrate an opposite extreme of carefree 无忧无虑的 irresponsibility Although it often takes years of psychotherapy for the individual to work through the underlying suspicion and anger of his or her problems acceptance by another will get through to 使 了解 even the most deeply depressed person if the other is sincere An attitude of matter of fact hopefulness on the part of those around the depressed person can reassure him or her of eventual recovery The disturbed thoughts of the depressed person cannot be forgotten until they are replaced by other thoughts Yet in depression the person does not see that he or she has choices about what thoughts occupy his or her mind The person needs to explore alternatives for thoughts and actions and learn to care for himself or herself enough to modify his or her own behavior 66 Unlike others according to the passage a depressed person A is likely to recover in a short period of time B does not reveal any underlying causing C is characteristic of self hatred D tends to stay with the blues 67 From a serious and painful illness to the death of several family members the 中国考博辅导首选学校中国考博辅导首选学校 author is trying to tell us that A depressions can potentially be detrimental to mental health B the severity of depression varies with individuals C depressions are overwhelming prevailing D depressions are sometimes inescapable 不可避免的 68 Those who present no reason to be depressed according to the passage A need protect their self images B need a parental role model at home C can be helped psychologically to be usueful and need persons D can be helped to restore their trusting relationships with their parents 69 The author implies that what the depressed person needs most is A sincerity B acceptance C reassurance D all of above 70 Under psychotherapy the depressed person is encouaged A to free his or her mind of any thought B to find substitutes for the disturbed thoughts C to reassure himself or herself of early recovery D to explore as many therapeutic approaches as possible Passage 3 Seana lived in the inpatient hospice unit for more than a month far longer than anyone would have predicted sustained only on pain medications and Popsicles Late March in Chicago is only technically spring Most of the time it is still cold and overcast However this day was warm 60 degrees and sunny It was a Saturday and we planned to go outside after I finished rounds I found Seana back on the unit sitting in her wheelchair IV pole and pumps in tow her winter 中国考博辅导首选学校中国考博辅导首选学校 coat partially covering hospital gown Her sister in law and Carla her nurse s aide wer ready to go Everyone was in a great mood We went down the elevator into the brightly sunlit outdoors and onto the driveway by the women s hospital Though the initial idea was to just sit in the sun a bit we were drawn toward the sidewalk There were the usual smokers outside the hospital and the smell of cigarette smoke was the first thing I noticed It seemed horrible to come out here to have that smell be the first thing to greet Seana Simultaneous with that thought though she said What a wonderful smell I adked her what smell was so wonderful and she said that it smelled like McDonald s I was thinking she really does appreciate everything We went on to the sidewalk and watched a father pitching a ball to his 4 year old son The continuity between grnerations was moving almost beyond words As we got to the corner an inspiration 灵感 came we could make it to Lake Michigan only a few blocks away Did she want to try Did everyone want to try Of course we did Carla said that it felt like we were cutting school So off we went across Sheridan Road the four of us quite a motley sight Seana looking like death warmed over in her wheelchair I wearing my gray hospital coat the nurse s aede in an outrageous green leather coat her sister in law in an Ohio State sweatshirt Cars slowed down we waved We walked up the road to the beach cutting through rutted lawns the wheelchair bumping in the spring mud Seana didn t say much but she seemed translucent in the sun beaming lit from within I imagined it as her farewell tour of the world I can only fathom 看穿 the poignant 可怜的 wealth of feelings that were stimulated For me it evoked the sense of being a tourist where everything seems special a little strange and very impermanent I had experienced this same lakefront that way three years before Then I had just recovered from my own near death in the form of a myocardial infarction 心肌梗塞 and cardiac arrest and was filled with joy and gratitude 感恩 感谢 to sb for sth that I was still here The world looked 中国考博辅导首选学校中国考博辅导首选学校 new I had been Seana s age She taught me that awareness of death and appreciation of life go together to imagine that you are seeing things for the last tome has the same intensity as seeing them for the first 71 Upon finishing rounds the author A joined Seana for an outing B went to the inpatient hospice unit 临终关怀病区 C managed to get a wheelchair for Seana D found the prrfect weather for a stroll with Seana 72 We can infer that the smell of smoke made the author feel that A it was a wrong idea to smoke outside of the hospital B the sidewlk was a wuong place for smoking C it had been the right plan to go out D Seans was at a wrong place 73 Outside the hospital Seana enjoyed everything including A the fast food at McDonald s B the smell of smoke C the generation gap D all of the above 74 The author would say that Seana being wheeled in the sun A was fascinated by the team s motley sight B imagined her farewell tour of the world C was emotionally aroused from within D was fond of appreciating nature 75 During the outing the author perceived Seans s appreciation of life A in her hope of recvery B in her awareness of death 中国考博辅导首选学校中国考博辅导首选学校 C in seeing things for the first time D in bing a tourist at the lakefront Passage 4 Two equally brilliant scientists apply for a prestigious research fellowship awarded by a top scientific prganization One is white the other black Does the color of their skin matter Most scientists will already be screaming a resounding 响亮的 no Those who progress in science do so because of their work not their pigmentation 染 色 Sceince is meritocratic and objective It must therefore be rigorously color blind and shun 避开 both racial discrimination and affirmative action Well lit s think about this If science really is so meritocratic where are all the black Nobel prize winners and fellows of the Royal Society The black chairs of government scientific panels The black Richard Dawkinses and Susan Greenfidlds When Newsweek magazine recently surveyed Europe s largest 100 companies it was shocked to unearth 发掘 only six board members of non European racial origin One shudders to think what a similar survey of the upper echelons of European science would reveal Even the usually stick in the mud 保守的 顽固的 British government now acknowledges there is a problem Last month it promised new funding for projects desighed to combat institutional racism in science education in schools As measures go it is little and late but welcome nonetheless Despite starting school as the top achievers black British children have long underperformed in science And there are positive changes afoot higher up the scientific career ladder to