三维设计2013届高考英语一轮复习提能力创新演练 Unit22 Environmental Protection北师大版选修8.doc

A卷.单项填空1(2012泉州调研)Mum, I have finished all my homework. Could I go downstairs to play with other children?Certainly, but dont remain out _ nine oclock.AthroughBoverCbefore Dbeyond解析：考查介词。根据“不要在外面玩到超过九点钟”可知beyond“晚于，迟于”之意，符合语意。through“通过，在中间”；over “在的上方”；before“在之前”，故应选D项。答案：D2(2012潍坊一模)Due to the widespread _ of this medical technology，more diseases can be discovered and treated at an early stage.Apresentation BapplicationCpotential Dappreciation解析：句意：由于这种医疗技术的广泛运用，更多的疾病能够在早期被发现并治疗。application “运用”；presentation“介绍，展示”；potential“潜力，潜在的可能性”；appreciation“欣赏，感谢”。答案：B3My boss was very against my suggestion at first but she finally_ and accepted my idea.Aslowed down Bput downCgot down Dbroke down解析：考查动词短语。句意：起初我的上司很反对我的提案，但最后她态度转变，接受了我的想法。break down在这里指消除(感情或态度)。slow down“减速”；get down“吞下，写下”；put down“写下，记下，镇压，放下”。答案：D4The professor sometimes makes remarks that are not_ to the topic.Aassociated BrelevantCdependent Dconnect解析：be relevant to“与有关”。句意：教授有时发表一些与话题无关的言论。be associated with “与有联系”；be dependent on“依赖，依靠”；connect 动词，表示“连接”。答案：B5(2012亳州适应性训练)_a sentence before you can understand it correctly.AFind BAnalyseCRefer to DLook up解析：句意：在你正确理解一个句子之前你首先对它做一个分析。analyse“分析”，符合句意。答案：B6_her mother after being separated for 20 years, she couldnt help, even though she tried not to，_.ASeen; crying BTo see; cryCSeeing; crying DHaving seen; cry解析：考查非谓语动词。第一空是现在分词作状语；第二空，因有状语从句的分隔，不容易判断，正常语序是She couldnt help_ even though she tried not to。cant help doing sth.“情不自禁做某事”，故选C。答案：C7_ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.AGiven BTo giveCGiving DHaving given解析：句意：鉴于他的身体状况，从手术中恢复过来需要一段时间。given 意为“鉴于”，为介词。答案：A8(2012济源一模)Stressful environments lead to unhealthy behaviors such as poor eating habits, which_ increase the risk of heart disease.Ain turn Bin returnCby chance Dby turns解析：in turn(插入语)“转而，依次，而又”；in return“作为报答”；by chance (by accident)“偶然地；无意中”；by turns “轮流地，依次”。句意：紧张的环境会导致诸如不良的饮食习惯等不健康行为，从而又会增加患心脏病的几率。答案：A9I need the money badly now and I have to_ my car though Im not at all willing to do so.Adonate BsacrificeCdecline Ddeliver解析：因为缺钱所以要“牺牲”自己的汽车，sacrifice表示“牺牲，贱卖”。donate“捐献”；decline“婉拒，下降”；deliver“递送”。答案：B10Relax, relax, anyway, you may depend on_ he would be back in time.Ait that BifCthat Dwhen解析：depend on不能直接加从句，要先加形式宾语it。 类似的还有rely on, like, hate等。答案：A11By questioning cleverly they_ him_admitting his crime.Atrapped; into Bpersuaded; intoCtrapped; to Dpersuaded; to解析：trap sb. into doing sth.“使某人陷入做某事的圈套”。答案：A12If people feel hopeless, they dont bother to _ skills they need to succeed.Aadopt BassociateCaccumulate Dacquire解析：句意：若是人们感到没有希望，他们就不去努力获取成功所需要的技能。adopt“采纳，收养”；associate“联系”；accumulate“积聚，累积”；acquire“(逐渐)获取”。答案：D13Hundreds of jobs_ if the factory closes. Alose Bwill be lostCare lost Dwill lose解析：考查时态与语态。if条件状语从句中用一般现在时，主句应用将来时。lose与job之间存在被动关系，故用被动语态。答案：B14The old man kept a large_ of firewood for cold weather.Areservation BreserveCconservation Dpreserve解析：句意：这位老人贮存了大量的木柴以备天冷时用。a large reserve of “大量储备的”。reservation“预定”；conservation“(动植物等的)保护”；preserve 作动词，意为“保护，维护”。答案：B15You should _ the opportunity to study in college. Or you will be regretful.Awatch BrefuseCmiss Dseize解析：句意：你应该抓住在大学学习的机会，否则你会后悔的。watch“观看”；refuse“拒绝”；miss“错过，怀念”；seize“抓住”。答案：D.阅读理解A(2012东北三省六校联合诊断)The amount of carbon taken in by growing plants increased from 1982 to 1999 as temperatures rose and the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increased. But a new study in Fridays edition of the journal Science found a droughtrelated decline in such plant growth from 2000 to 2009, even though temperatures continued to climb.As drought caused by warming reduces the lands ability to take in carbon, the result could be more carbon dioxide left in the atmosphere, and thus more warming, Zhao Maosheng from the University of Montana explained in a telephone interview.“This is a pretty serious warning that warmer temperatures are not going to endlessly improve plant growth，”coauthor Steven Running, also from the University of Montana, said in a statement.“We see this as a bit of a surprise, and potentially significant on a policy level because previous interpretations suggested global warming might actually help plant growth around the world，”he said. Instead, he and Zhao found a small but measurable decline of about 1%, compared to a 6% increase in the past decade.Their study, based on the data collected by NASA satellites, found that north areas continued to increase plant growth, thanks to warmer temperatures and a longer growing season.Someone commented，“This past decades net decline in earthly productivity suggests that a complex relationship between temperature, rainfall, cloudiness, and carbon dioxide，probably in combination with other factors such as nutrients and land management, will determine future patterns and trends in productivity.”语篇解读：一项研究表明：气候温暖不能无止境地帮助植物生长，气候温暖所造成的干旱降低了土地对二氧化碳的吸收能力，结果使大气中的二氧化碳的含量不断上升。1From the first paragraph, we can learn _ in the recent decade or so.Athe emission of carbon hasnt been reducedBdrought has been causing loss of soil and waterCcarbon dioxide levels have been risingDthe rise of temperature doesnt promote the plant growth解析：细节理解题。由文章第一段中的“a droughtrelated decline in such plant growth from 2000 to 2009，even though temperatures continued to climb”可知近十年气温的上升并没有促进植物的生长。答案：D2Zhao Maosheng really worried that _.Amore and more land will be abandonedBthe climate becomes warmer and warmerCthe emission of carbon dioxide increasesDdrought further reduces the number of the plants解析：细节理解题。由文章第二段中的“.the result could be more carbon dioxide left in the atmosphere, and thus more warming”可知Zhao Maosheng真正担心的是气候将变得越来越温暖。答案：B3We can infer from the passage that _.Aglobal warming will determine the future productivityBvarious factors play a key role jointly on future productivityCearthly productivity actually increased in the past decadeDtemperature rise has had no effect on future productivity patterns解析：推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的内容可推知各种因素共同影响将来的生产力，故选B项。答案：BB(2012淮北高三阶段测试)As the new term starts, freshmen around the world are asking the same question: how can I make the best of four years at college? The New York Times received suggestions recently from PhD students and seniors at some of the top US universities. Heres their advice.“Many young people today are raised in a protective cocoon (茧)”， wrote Tim Novikoff, a PhD student at Comell.“College is a time to explore the world beyond and a chance to learn new things about yourself. Take classes in different subjects. Try lots of different clubs and activities.”Remember also to take some time away from campus, suggested Willie Lin, a student at Washington University.“If_you_spend_all_of_your_time_in_school,_then_it_becomes_too_easy_to_let_criticism_from_an_unkind_professor_or_a_conflict_with_a_roommate_take_up_large_proportions.”Try to find work assisting a researcher or a professor this is the advice from Aman Singh Gill, a PhD student at Stony Brook University. And he also said，“With a window into the world of research, you will find yourself thinking more critically, accepting fewer states at face value and perhaps developing a brave sense of what you can accomplish.”Many young people cannot imagine even a single day without devices such as computers and cellphones. But try to keep yourself off them, cautioned Christine Smallwood, a PhD student at Columbia University.Start by scheduling a few Internetfree hours each day，with your phone turned off. Its the only way youll be able to read anything serious.“This will also have the benefit of making you harder to reach, and thus more mysterious and fascinating to new friends and acquaintances (熟人)，” she suggested.语篇解读：新学期开始时，大一新生往往茫然失措，不知如何充分利用美好的四年大学时光。纽约时代征求了一些美国顶尖大学的哲学博士生和大四学生的建议，为刚刚踏入大学校门的莘莘学子提供参考。4The underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 means we should _.Aspend more time at schoolBtake some time out of schoolClisten to criticism moreDnot argue with roommates解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的开头部分可推测画线句子的意思是我们应该走出学校，多接触外面的世界。答案：B5Who thinks it is important to consider something critically?ATim Novikoff.BAman Singh Gill.CChristine Smallwood. DWillie Lin.解析：细节理解题。题干中的关键词“consider something critically”与第四段Aman Singh Gill的观点“you will find yourself thinking more critically”相对应。答案：B6As for modern information devices, the last two paragraphs mean to tell us _.Anot to use themBto turn them offCto keep ourselves off them foreverDto make a schedule to use them解析：推理判断题。结合倒数第二段中的“But try to keep yourself off them”和最后一段第一句中的内容可知我们应该安排特定的时间使用现代化信息设备。答案：D7This passage is mainly about _.Atips from some students for college lifeBways to read something serious regularlyCdays without cellphones and computersDchances to go to university you really like解析：主旨大意题。第一段是文章的引题，根据本段最后的“Heres their advice”可知本文主要是给大一新生就校园生活提供一些建议。答案：AB卷.完形填空(2012福建质量检测)The teacher sat crosslegged in front of the gathering of fourth grade students. She asked them what kinds of things would _1_world peace. Immediately they began offering such_2_as “Get rid of all the bombs.” “There ought to be a _3_against war.” The teacher rose to note each offering on the board. Once the list was _4_， she sat again with the children and asked them if there was anything _5_war in their lives.They were _6_at first but eventually they seemed to begin to _7_that the teacher meant “war”as a metaphor (暗喻). One student said, “My brother declares war on me when I _8_his things.” “My dad blows up at bad drivers，” offered one girl. _9_said she did war with one of her dishonest friends._10_the thought appeared that all violence was in conflict with the idea of _11_. Through the discussion the teacher _12_the concept that they could decrease violence and increase peace in their own lives by giving up the idea of _13_with others. She asked them to _14_the rest of the week keeping track of the times when they would choose to carry out peace _15_violence.By the end of the week the students had experienced dozens of examples _16_violence and conflict had been avoided in their _17_lives.Eventually the class created a peace movement in the school. They helped rewrite school_18_that decreased conflict. Homework became more inventive and _19_. Parentteacher meetings always _20_activities of the students (adance, or an art or science exhibit). Cooperation became the primary path to peace.语篇解读：本文主要介绍的是老师如何向学生解释“war”这个词的含义，并使学生们明白在生活中他们应该减少冲突，加强合作。1A.break BignoreCincrease Dwitness解析：由第一段第三句中学生们的回答可知，老师问的是如何能促进世界和平，故C项正确。答案：C2A.cases BeventsCchances Dsuggestions解析：根据该空后面学生们的回答可知这是学生根据老师提出的问题说出的一些解决“建议”，故选D项。答案：D3A.law BwillCdeal Dduty解析：制定一部“法律”来制止战争。故选A项。答案：A4A.missing BnecessaryCsimple Dcomplete解析：根据空处后的内容可知老师已经把清单列完了，故选D项。complete表示“已完成的，已结束的”。答案：D5A.but BlikeCagainst Dafter解析：根据第二段第一句中的“the teacher meant war as a metaphor(暗喻)”可知，老师问学生的是在他们的生活中有没有遇到“像”战争一样的事情，故用like。答案：B6A.puzzled BfrightenedCexcited Dencouraged解析：刚开始学生们感到很“困惑”，但是最终他们“意识到”老师说的“战争”是一个暗喻。故选A项。答案：A7A.state BproveCrealize Dguess解析：参见上题解析。realize意为“意识到”。答案：C8A.receive BbotherCcollect Dreserve解析：一个学生说：“当我打扰我的哥哥做事情时，他就向我宣战。”bother表示“打扰，烦扰”，符合语境。答案：B9A.Each BAnotherCThe one DThe other解析：由“One student said”和“offered one girl”可知此处是指又一个女孩说，故选B项。答案：B10A.Luckily BSuddenlyCHopefully DFinally解析：由第二段学生们的回答可知任何暴力都是与和平理念相冲突的，这也是对上文的总结，故用副词finally。答案：D11A.peace BpowerCculture Dwealth解析：peace与上半句的violence相对应，任何暴力都与“和平”相冲突，故A项正确。答案：A12A.returned BpassedCintroduced Dmoved解析：根据学生的谈论，老师进行总结，并且“引出”了一个理念，故选C项，其他三项均不符合语境。答案：C13A.joking BfightingCdiscussing Dworking解析：根据该空前面的“decrease violence and increase peace in their own lives”可以推知是通过放弃武力的方式来减少暴力，增加和平，故选B项。答案：B14A.waste BappointCspend Dfinish解析：她要求学生记录一下在这周余下来的时间里用和平而不是暴力的方式来处理问题的次数。spend some time doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”，故C项符合语境。答案：C15A.aside from Baway fromCregardless of Dinstead of解析：见上题解析。instead of表示“而不是”。前三项分别表示“除了”“远离”“不顾，不管”，均不符合语境。答案：D16A.that BwhereCwhether Dwhose解析：where引导定语从句修饰先行词examples，且where在从句中作状语，故选B项。答案：B17A.political BtraditionalCpersonal Dnatural解析：由第三段第二句中的“in their own lives”提示可知应选C，此处表示“个人生活”。答案：C18A.rules BdecisionsCrecords Dintroductions解析：根据该空后面的“that decreased conflict”可知应该是重新制订了学校“规则”，故选A项。答案：A19A.similar BfamiliarCconfusing Dinteresting解析：家庭作业变得更加有创造性和趣味性。故D项正确。其他三项分别表示“相似的”“熟悉的”“令人迷惑的”，均与语境不符。答案：D20A.started with Bbelonged toCput up with Dcame up to解析：家长教师交流会也总是以学生们的活动开始的，故选A项。后三项分别表示“属于”“忍受”“达到”，均不符合语境。答案：A.阅读理解(2012豫南四校高三调研)“My kids really understand solar and earthheat energy，”says a secondgrade teacher in Saugus, California.“Some of them are building solar collectors for their energy course.”These young scientists are part of City Building Educational Program (CBEP), a particular program for kindergarten through twelfth grade that uses the stages of city planning to teach basic reading, writing and math skills, and more.The children dont just play any city. They map and analyze the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and predict its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations. “Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom，” says the teacher who developed this program.“They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final modelbuilding stage of the program, an elected official and planning group makes all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser.”CBEP is a set of activities, games and imitations that teach the basic steps necessary for problemsolving: observing, analyzing, working out possible answers, and judging them based on the childrens own standards.语篇解读：加利福尼亚的一名教师别出心裁地设计出一个培养孩子解决问题能力的计划，让他们在城市规划中自由驰骋，潜移默化地学到观察问题、分析问题和解决问题的知识。1CBEP is designed to _.Adirect kids to build solar collectorsBtrain young scientists for city planningCdevelop childrens problemsolving abilitiesDtrain kids to be future architects解析：细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话以及最后一段的内容可知这个计划的目的是培养孩子解决问题的能力。答案：C2An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom to _.Afind out kids creative ideasBdiscuss with the teacherCgive children lecturesDhelp kids with their program解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三句话中的“With the aid of an architect.”可知建筑师每周来教室一次的目的是在这个计划中为孩子们提供帮助。答案：D3Who is the designer of the program?AAn official. BAn architect.CA teacher. DA scientist.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中间部分的“.says the teacher who developed this program.”可知这个计划的设计者是一位教师。答案：C4The children feel free in the program because they _.Acan design future buildings themselvesBhave new ideas and rich imaginationCare given enough time to design modelsDneed not worry about making mistakes解析：推理判断题。第二段后半部分提到孩子们可以充分发挥他们丰富的想象力，无需害怕任何责备，因为在未来设计方面没有错误的答案，由此可推测孩子们在这个计划中可以无拘无束，不必担心犯过错。答案：D.选做题任务型读写(2012安庆质检)We all need physical exercise. Exercise uses up food we eat and keeps the body full of energy. It works your muscles and makes your heart work hard so as to send blood to your muscles. So, exercise makes your heart and muscles strong. Exercise also makes you feel refreshed. If you exercise a couple of times a week, you will stay happy and healthy.Some Western countries, such as the United States, have problems with exercise. In the US, many people dont have enough exercise because it is hard for them. People have to work from dawn till dusk, so they dont have time to take exercise. They work in office buildings sitting in chairs all day long in front of computers. They cannot get much exercise sitting at desk passively.Some Westerners can get exercise walking from their homes to work. However, the majority of people cannot do this. It is too far from their homes to their offices. They have no choice but to drive to work. In fact, some have to drive one or two hours to their offices. This is unfavourable in two ways. First, these people dont have a chance to exercise because they are sitting in their cars for two to four hours each day. Second, driving is challenging especially in rush hours and calls for too much attention. It makes a person worn out. So, when these people arrive home at night, they dont have the desire to take exercise after work.Today, many people in the West are overweight, which causes health problems for them. Doctors say exercise can help people both lose weight and improve their health. So many people are trying to get more exercise. But it takes time to change, and when people dont see a difference right away, they will lose heart and stop exercising.TitleWe