大学生英语四级翻肓废大学生英语四级翻译练习aspan class=.doc

2013年12月大学英语四级改革新题型段落翻译题练习1PartTranslation(30minutes)(原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为140-160个汉字。)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.中国的传统节庆膳食是节日必不可少的伴侣。例如，我国的端午节(theDragonBoatFestival)是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。那一天，人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子(zongzi)。中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。因此，中秋节(TheMid-autumnFestival)的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。春节是中国的农历新年(theChineselunarNewYearsholiday)，除了常见的家禽和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗烹制传统食物，如铰子和年糕。参考答案TraditionalChineseholidaymealsareindispensableonsomefestivals.Forexample,theDragonBoatFestivalisadayestablishedinmemoryoftheancientpoetQuYuanandpeopleusuallyholddragonboatracesandeatzongzi,orricedumplingonthatday.TheMid-autumnFestivalisanoccasionforviewingthefullmoon.Theroundmoonisasymbolforcompletenessandfamilyreunion.Thespecialfoodofthedayisyuebing,aroundcakeknownasthemooncake.TheSpringFestivalistheChineselunarNewYearsholiday.Besidesthepopularpoultryandmeat,peoplecooktraditionalfoodaccordingtoregionalcustoms,forexample,jiaozi,orboileddumplings,andniangao,orthe“1”newyearcake.难点精析1.中国的传统节庆膳食：翻译为TraditionalChineseholidaymeals,其中“节庆膳食”直接译为holidaymeals,即可，翻译时注意“中国的”和“传统”的顺序。2.纪念：翻译为介词短语inmemoryof,修饰前面的aday。3.赛龙舟：翻译为holddragonboatraces,其中hold意为“举行”，“举行龙舟比赛”即“赛龙舟”。 4.观赏满月：“满月”即fMlmoon,此处的“观赏”可以译为viewing,也可以用enjoying或watching表示。 5.象征着家庭团聚：“象征”翻译为系表结构isasymbolfor,也可以用动词symbolize表示，“家庭团聚”翻译：为familyreunion即可。练习2PartTranslation(30minutes)(原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为140-160个汉字。)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.北京有无数的胡同(hutong)。平民百姓在胡同里的生活给古都北京带来了无穷的魅力。北京的胡同不仅仅是平民百姓的生活环境，而且还是一门建筑艺术。通常，胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20口人住。所以，胡同里的生活充满了友善和人情味。如今，随着社会和经济的飞速发展，很多胡同被新的高楼大厦所取代。但愿胡同可以保留下来。InBeijing,therearenumeroushutongs.Thelifeofcommonpeopleinhutongsbringsendlesscharmtotheancientcapital,Beijing.ThehutonginBeijingisnotonlythelivingenvironmentofcommonpeoplebutalsoakindofarchitecture.Usually,thereisacourtyardcomplexinsidehutong,withroomssharedby4to10familiesofabout20people.Therefore,lifeinhutongsisfulloffriendlinessandgenuinehumanity.Nowadays,withrapidsocialandeconomicdevelopment,manyhutongsarereplacedbynewtallbuildings.Ihopehutongscanbepreserved.难点精析1. 带来了无穷的魅力：翻译为bringendlesscharmto。2.汉语习惯于用并列的散句或短语来表达一个语境，而英文习惯上用整句表述，句内不太重要的信息会用|介词短语或从句来补充说明，如本段中“胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20口人住”是：两个并列关系的汉语短句，翻译成英文时可将第二句用with介词结构表达出来，起补充说明的作用。3.充满友善和人情味：翻译为fulloffriendlinessandgenuinehumanity。随着社会和经济的飞速发展：翻译为withrapidsocialandeconomicdevelopment，也是with介词短语的应用，在句中作伴随状语。练习3PartTranslation(30minutes)(原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为140-160个汉字。)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.过去的七年，中国的房地产(realestate)业经历了前所未有的高速增长。对于那些月薪较低却渴望在大城市拥有一套属于自己的体面、舒适的栖身之所的人来说，高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。鉴于这一状况，政府近来采取了一系列的措施来防止房价过快增长，包括提高利率及增加房产税等。目前，这些措施在部分城市已经取得了初步的成效。Inthepastsevenyears,Chinasrealestateindustryhasdevelopedinarecordhighspeed.Forthosewhoearnlessbutareeagertoownadecentandcomfortableplaceoftheirowninabigcity,thehighhousingpriceisaheavyburdenthattheycannotafford.Forthisreason,thegovernmenthastakenaseriesofmeasurestopreventthehousingpricefromrisingtoofast,includingraisinginterestratesandincreasingtaxesonrealestateetc.Presently,thesemeasureshaveachievedinitialeffectsinsomecities.难点精析1.房地产业：翻译为realestateindustry。2.前所未有的高速增长：翻译为arecordhighspeed。3.鉴于这一状况：可以根据上下文的语境转译为forthisreason。4.采取一系列的措施：翻译为takeaseriesofmeasures。5.取得初步成效：翻译为achieveinitialeffects。练习4PartTranslation(30minutes)(原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为140-160个汉字。)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.如今，越来越多的大学生抱怨很难找到好工作。造成这一现象的原因如下：首先，大学生把在校的大多数时间都用在了专业学科学习上，只有当他们开始找工作的时候，才意识到自己缺乏必要的职业培训。其次，大学生之间的竞争也越来越激烈，这导致任何一名大学生找到工作的机会都变小了。因此，强烈建议大学生在课余时间做一些兼职工作，以积累相关的工作经验。Nowadays,moreandmoreuniversitystudentscomplainabouthavinggreatdifficultiesinfindingagoodjob.Thereasonsforthisphenomenonareasfollows:First,collegestudentsspendmostoftheirtimeatschoolstudyingacademicsubjectsanditisonlywhentheystartlookingforajobthattheyrealizetheylacknecessaryjobtraining.Second,competitionamonggraduateshasbecomemoreandmorefierce.Andthisresultsinadecreasedchanceforanyindividualgraduatetofindajob.Therefore,itishighlysuggestedthatcollegestudentsshoulddosomepart-timejobsintheirsparetimetoaccumulaterelevantworkingexperience.难点精析1.抱怨很难找到好工作：翻译为complainabouthavinggreatdifficultiesinfindingagoodjob。其中“抱怨做某事”用句型complainaboutdoingsth.表示，havinggreatdifficultiesinfindingagoodjob表示“找工作有困难”，用到了句型havedifficultiesindoingsth.。2.只有当他们开始找工作的时候，才意识到自己缺乏必要的职业培训：翻译为itisonlywhentheystartlookingforajobthattheyrealizetheylacknecessaryjobtraining。只有当才用强调句型itisonlywhenthat表示。，3.导致：翻译为resultsin,同义短语有leadto和bringabout，但是表示不好的结果时一般用短语resultin。4.强烈建议：翻译为itishighlysuggestedthat.，其中highlysuggested也可以用stronglyrecommended替换，都表示“强烈建议做某事”。5.积累相关的工作经验：翻译为accumulaterelevantworkingexperience.练习5PartTranslation(30minutes)(原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为140-160个汉字。)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.剪纸(papercutting)是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期(theMingandQingDynasties)特别流行。人们常用剪纸美化居家环境，特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎，经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。参考答案PapercuttingisoneofChinasmostpopulartraditionalfolkarts.Chinesepapercuttinghasahistoryofmorethan1,500years.ItwaswidespreadparticularlyduringtheMingandQingDynasties.Peopleoftenbeautifytheirhomeswithpapercuttings.DuringtheSpringFestivalandweddingcelebrations,inparticular,papercuttingsareusedtodecoratedoors,windowsandroomsinordertoenhancethejoyousatmosphere.Thecolormostfrequentlyusedinpapercuttingisred,whichsymbolizeshealthandprosperity.Chinesepapercuttingisverypopulararoundtheworldanditisoftengivenasapresenttoforeignfriends.难点精析1.传统民间艺术形式：翻译为traditionalfolkart,其中folk意为“民间的，民俗的”，art既可以表示“艺术”这一抽象概念，也可以表示具体的“艺术形式”，所以直接翻译为art即可，不必加form词。2.美化居家环境：“美化”即beautify，“居家环境”翻译成theirhomes即可，不要逐字生硬地翻译为homeenvironment。3.增加喜庆的气氛：翻译为enhancethejoyousatmosphere。4.象征健康和兴旺：翻译为whichsymbolizeshealthandprosperity,此处既可以用非限制性定语从句，也可以用分词形式symbolizinghealthandprosperity。一Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicOnaHarmoniousDormitoryLife.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.宿舍生活有时会出现不和谐的情况;2.一个和谐宿舍生活的必要性;1.如何创造和谐的宿舍生活。OnaHarmoniousDormitoryLifeDormitorylifeisanindispensablepartofcollegelife.Butsometimestheharmonyinthe dormitorybedisturbedinonewayoranother.Asisknowntoall,aharmoniousdormitorylifeisimportanttocollegestudentsandbenefitsall themembers.Ononehand,wecanhaveagoodrestandputourheartintostudy.Ontheother hand,wewillhaveagoodmoodandenjoybeingtogether.Thereareseveralwaystocreateand maintainaharmoniousdormitorylife.Firstly,youhavetoevaluateyourlife-styleandtrytoget ridofyourdirtyhabits,ifthereareany.Secondly,whenanannoyingsituationarises,youlljust havetolearntotolerateeachotherandco-exist.Thirdly,youllhavetosharewitheachotherandmakegoodfriends.Inconclusion,weshouldtryourbesttobuildaharmoniousdormitorylifeforthesakeofgood studyandgoodlife.点评：“和谐”成为我们当今社会词频概率最高用词，就社会而言，倡导建立和谐社会；就家庭而言，提倡建设和谐家庭；就校园来讲，则要建立和谐校园；和谐两字似乎无所不在，大学生宿舍生活同样需要和谐。本预测题与四级考试热点密切相关，又为典型的校园生活主题，值得关注。二Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:Social Practice.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinebelowinChinese.a) 社会实践的作用b)可能产生的问题c)提出建议SocialPracticeSocialpracticehasbeenmoreandmorepopularinuniversitiesandcolleges.Sttudentsareasked toentersocietyandgetsomeideaofit.Surelysocialpracticehasmanyadvantages.Firstly,socialpracticecanofferstudentsachancetocontactsocietyandmeetdifferentkindsofpeople.Inthis waystudentscangainsomevaluablesocialexperience,whichwillbeusefultotheirfuturecareer.Secondly,studentscanapplywhattheyhavelearnedinclasstopracticalwork,thusknowingthemselvesmoreclearly.Thirdly,socialpracticecanbringthemsomefinancialrewardandmakethemmoreindependentoftheirfamily.However,someproblemsmayariseifnocorrectguidanceismade.Forexample,somestudents getoverlyinterestedinsocialpracticeandwanttoworkfull-timeandearnmoney,thusneglectingtheirstudies.Andsomestudentsarelikelytogetintouchwiththedarksideofsociety,whichwillaffecttheirfuturestudies.Inordertocarryoutsocialpracticesmoothly,studentsshouldfirstknowitsobjective.Theyshouldputtheirstudiesinthefirstplaceandseesocialpracticejustasausefulsupplement,sotheyoughttotrytostrikeabalancebetweensocialpracticeandtheirstudies.点评：本篇文章属于解释性说明文。就业市场的竞争要求大学生具有丰富的社会实践，才能适应就业市场的竞争，所以现在在校大学生参与社会实践活动频繁，但如何处理好学业和社会实践的关系成为人们关注的话题。本预测题与大学生生活密切相关，也是四级作文关注的重要话题三Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicoftrafficjam.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.在现代社会，城市交通问题变得越来越严重城市交通问题的表现以及对人们生活的影响解决的方法与措施TrafficJamThereisnodoubtthattrafficcongestionbecomesagrowingworryfortheresidentsofmosturbanareas.Somemajorroadsareregularlychokedwithtrafficinrushhours.Thelimitedtransportcapacitycontributeslargelytothevexingproblem.Howtosolvetheheadache?.Theexistingsolutionstotrafficjammainlyaimatcreatingmetrobussystemsandbroadeningmajorroads.Wideningtheexistingroadscansolvetrafficsnarlsonsomelevel.Soaringcarownershipcompoundsthechronicannoyingproblem,sowemustsharplyreducetheheavyrelianceoncarsanddriveashifttothemasstransportation.Itisacheapandgoodway.Wecancreateasystemofcustomizedbusroutesandhighlightthedevelopmentofsubways,trolleysandlightrail.Theeffectivecombinationofthesesolutionswillenabletheurbanareastopossessasmoothtraffic.四Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicCollege StudentsJobHunting.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.近几年出现了大学生就业难的现象2.产生这种现象的原因（如大学生追求的目标过高，专业不对口等）3.如何解决这一问题（改变就业观念，大学生再培训等）CollegeStudentsJobHuntingInrecentyears,collegestudentsfinditincreasinglydifficulttogetajob.Itsoundsstrangesince youngcollegestudentsareusuallyintelligent,well-educatedphenomenon,aspirantandeagerto bringtheirtalentintofullplay.Thenwhatunderliesthestrangephenomenon?Thereareseveralreasonsforthis.Tobeginwith,nowadayscollegestudentsaimtoohigh.Alltheywantare“good”jobswhichcouldoffergoodsalary,comfortableworkingconditions,highsocialstatusamongothers.Consequently,mostcollegestudentsareunwillingtoacceptvacantjobstheyconsidernot“good”enough.Anotherreasonisthatthereisabiggapbetweenthemajorssome studentsstudyinschoolandthedemandsofvacantjobs.Socompaniesthinksomestudentsare notfitforthejobs.Solutiontotheproblemrequireseffortsonboththesocietyandthestudents.Thecompanies shouldvaluethestudents,talentandknowledgewhilethelattershouldnotmerelyaimatmaterialgains.Theyshouldbedown-toearthinbuildinguptheircareer.Furthermore,theyshouldface theirweakpointssoastoimprovethemselvesandbemorecompetent.点评：本预测题为社会热点话题。近年来大学生就业难日益成为各级政府及社会各方面关注的焦点，媒体也广泛报道了大学生就业形势严峻，呼吁全社会共同努力；此外，该预测题也与大学生就业密切相关，也是四级作文选题重点之一。Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:LivingaloneorLivingwithRoommates?Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.1有人认为大学里应独自生活2另一些认为大学里应与别人同住3你的看法LivingaloneorLivingwithRoommatesNowadays,therehasappearedaheateddiscussionamongthecollegestudentsastowhetherthey shouldlivealoneoutsidethecampusorlivetogetherwithotherroommatesinthestudents dormitory.Opinionsaredividedoverthematter.ThosewhoareinfavorofLivingalonemaintain thatitisveryconvenienttolivebythemselves.Theycanenjoyabsolutefreedominaroomof theirown.Theycanhavetheirowntimetablewithoutdisturbingothers.Theyarealsofreeto equiptheroomwithapersonalcomputersothattheycanhaveeasyaccesstotheInternet.Butothersarguethatlivingwithroommateshasattractionsofitsown.Withseveralstudentssharingthesameroom,eachpersonsexperiencescanbegreatlyenriched.Theycanlearnalotfromtalkingtooneanother.Bylearningtotoleratethedifferencesbetweenindividuals,theycanbecomemoremature.AsfarasImconcerned,IprefertolivewithroommatesbecauseIlovethefeelingofbelonging.Besides,itisalotcheapertoliveinadormthantorentaapartmentoutsidethecampus.点评：本文与校园生活密切相关，也是近年来出现的现象，人们对此的看法各异，2003年后，四级作文考查加大了学校生活类题目的考查，因为这类题材不存在地域的差异，不同地域的同学都有话可说。本预测题即为校园生活类话题，与刚考完的四级作文话题类似，符合命题者出题思路，值得引起重视。TeenagersStudyingAbroad1.现在有很多青少年出国留学2.有些人认为这种做法是有益的3.我认为这种观点是不对的【范文】Recentlyitseemstha