新视界一册 unit 4.doc

Unit 4 Love, actuallyStarting point1. Listen and underline any words or expressions which are different from what you hear.2. Work in pairs and discuss the questions.(1) Which facts in the report do you find interesting?(2) Do you think it offers any useful advice?(3) Do you think Chinese people would behave in a different way？(4) How would you prepare for a first date?Active reading: Mixed marriagesPredictingLook at the title of the passage and answer the questions.1. In your opinion, is a mixed marriage between people of different nationalities, races, ages or interests?2. In your opinion, are mixed marriages a good or a bad idea？Culture points Race has long been a very controversial issue in American life. The desire of the South to keep slavery and the North to abolish it led to the Civil War in the mid-19th century. African slavery was justified by arguments against the full humanity of black people so even when the slaves were freed and created full citizens with the right to vote, most Southerners could not accept it. Great steps have been made to change things but racism is still common below the surface and reappears in the form of occasional “hate crimes” when young African Americans are assaulted by those who consider themselves “white” and “superior”.Martin Luther King (1929-1968): a much admired civil rights activist who was murdered by white racists for his views.New Wordsjusticen.C a judge in a law court in the US（美国的）法官Thomas will be sworn in today as a justice on the Supreme Court.托马斯今天将宣誓就任最高法院法官。U treatment of people that is fair and morally right 正义，公正He only wants freedom, justice and equality.他只要自由、公正和平等。常用词组bring someone to justice拘捕审判（某人)，依法惩处（某人)，绳之以法do oneself justice 竭尽全力，充分发挥自己的能力do someone/thing justice 公平处理；公平对待；充分表现，充分展示in justice to 对作出应有的评价，公正地对待，为对公平起见resignv.(as/from) to state formally that you are leaving a job permanentlyintegratevt .(often passive) (sb into sth) to make someone become a full member of a group or society and be involved completely in its activities 使融入；使打成一片He didnt integrate successfully into the Italian way of life.他没有顺利地融入到意大利的生活方式中。influentiala. able to influence the way other people think or behave 有影响力的He is a very influential man in the government. 他在政府中是个很有影响的人物。securityn.U a feeling of confidence and safety, or a situation in which you can feel confident and safe 把握；稳妥；安全感He is able to give people a false sense of security.他能够给人一种虚假的安全感。 U If something is security for a loan, you promise to give that thing to the person who lends you money, if you fail to pay the money back 抵押品The central bank will provide special loans, and the banks will pledge the land as security. 中央银行会提供特殊贷款，而这些银行会以土地作为抵押。常用词组in security 安全的，安心的in security for 作为的担保（或保证）on security of 以担保attractivea. worth having, considering, or doing 值得拥有的，值得考虑的Co-operation was more than just an attractive option, it was an obligation. 合作不仅仅是诱人的选择，它也是一种责任。 an attractive person is pleasant to look at, especially in a way that interests you 妩媚动人的Shes a very attractive woman.她是个妩媚动人的女子。benefitn. an advantage you get from a situation 益处；好处Im a great believer in the benefits of this form of therapy. 我坚信这种治疗形式非常有益Vt. If you benefit from something or if it benefits you, it helps you or improves your life.Both sides have benefited from the talks. 双方都从谈判中获益。常用词组for the benefit of 为了的利益the benefit of the doubt (在证据不足情况下的)无罪之假定attitude n. C,U (to/towards) someones opinions or feelings about something, especially as shown by their behaviour 看法，态度His attitude made me angry.他的态度让我很生气。形近词辨析latitude 纬度altitude 高度（尤指海拔）adjustvi. (to) to get used to a new situation by changing your ideas or the way you do things 适应We have been preparing our fighters to adjust themselves to civil society.我们一直在培训我们的战士，以使他们适应普通的社会生活。vt. (sth for sth) to change sth slightly in order to make it better, more accurate, or more effective 调节；调整To attract investors, Panama has adjusted its tax and labour laws. 为吸引投资者，巴拿马调整了税法和劳动法。Phrases and expressions step up 辞职，（尤指）让位 put sb through it 使某人经历不愉快的事情 lead to 引发（某事物） in order (for sb) to do sth 为了（让某人/某物）做某事 even though 虽然；尽管 feel/be at home 舒适自在；无拘束 rise to the challenge 成功应付挑战（或困难的局面）Language points1. Now, when do you think this report was published? (Line 1,Para 2) The writer wants to shock the reader (or make them feel it should shock them) that such dated and offensive attitudes are still alive.2. Yet the “one drop rule” which says that （Line 6, Para 5） “One drop rule” laws against people of black African descent were complicated by the fact that there was a great deal of interracial mixing and it was a difficult question as to who was “black” and who wasnt. This was solved by the rule that if there was any African ancestor, the person is counted as “black”.3. In certain political and social circles in the US, its believed that mixed-race couples marry in order for the immigrant partner to get a green card, to stay and work here.（Line 1, Para 6） A green card is a permit to remain in the States and take a job. The writer is referring in part to “mail order brides” when a man in one country seeks a wife, via advertisement or an agency, from a country with economic problems. Clearly, the marriage is based on need rather than on love.4. Its claimed by others that the motive for mixed marriages is the desire of the poor partner for financial security, even though they may no longer be able to live close to their families. （Line 4, Para 6） Some other people say that poor people marry people from another race or culture for their wealth, at the possible cost of living far away from their own families. The passage concerns racism, a belief in the superiority of one group over another on the basis of “race”. The word has led to a number of similar forms to describe other types of prejudice. Sexism is a belief that men have superior talents to women. Ageism is a prejudice against the abilities of the elderly.5. Children born to parents of two cultures or two races are now known as Third Culture Kids, who grow up learning two different cultures, and feel at home with anyone who has lived in more than one country or culture.（Line 6, Para 8） Children in mixed-marriage families are now called Third Culture Kids. Because they grow up learning two cultures, they are more inclined to accept anyone who has lived in more than one country or culture.Language in useStructure 1. verb+doing/to do when the object of a verb is another verb, the second verb may take the ing form (gerund) or the infinitive (with or without to). But there is no easy way of knowing which structure to use you have to learn each one separately.A Louisiana justice of the peace who refused to marry a couplehe avoided marrying couples from different races because he believed their children would suffer.2. Its believed/claimed/said/thought thatPeople believe that mixed-race couples marry in order for the immigrant partner to get a green card.Its believed that mixed-race couples marry in order for the immigrant partner to get a green card.3. in order (for someone) to do sthIts believed that mixed-race couples marry so that the immigrant partner can get a green card. Its believed that mixed-race couples marry in order for the immigrant partner to get a green card.Further reading: A walk to rememberBackground information The passage consists of an account of a highly romantic novel which was also made into a film of the same name. American school fiction often deals with the conflicts between different types of students: athletic boys, glamorous girls, brainy students, computer geeks and so on. This story tells how one of the first type gradually falls in love with a very serious girl and is changed by her into a responsible young man who eventually becomes a doctor. The necessary touch of sadness is added to this female fantasy by giving the girl a terminal illness, the boy trying to help her fulfill various dreams before she dies, including marrying her in the same church where her parents were married. Students are given a chance to think about the genre of tragic love stories.Culture pointsNicholas Sparks: Nicholas Sparks novel can be classified as romantic fiction. Eight of his works have been or are being made into films by Hollywood, including Message in a Bottle, A Walk to Remember, The Notebook, Nights in Rodanthe, Dear John, The Last Song, True Believer and The Lucky One.Community service: it is a school punishment in the passage. The discipline teachers obviously feel that it would be good for Landon to take part in an activity involving teamwork and dedication. Rather than a pure punishment it is hoped to be character building. Community service imposed by a court is more likely to consist of helping at an old peoples home, painting and decorating, gardening or suchlike tasks.Reading across cultures: Love makes the world go roundMain idea of the passage The writer wonders whether local traditional customs relating to finding partner have been swept away by the Internet and modern lifestyles. He looks at four examples and finds customs are changing bur fairly slowly. In India love letters are dying out but most marriages are still arranged by families. In Japan the same routines as before are followed but the women have far more power of choice. In Wales, love spoons are no longer made by young men but can be bought or sent in the form of cards. In Italy, a custom of “lovelocks” has appeared rather suddenly and spread widely.Culture pointsArranged marriages: Arranged marriages are nowadays often considered, by Europeans and Americans, an Asian custom. In fact, they were common in Europe hundreds of years ago, usually to bring together land, power or money, and parents would often make arrang