雅思大作文Academic Writing 评分标准+首段写法+主体段写法.doc

Academic Writing Task 2IELTS WritingTask2 评分标准解析 Band 8 description Task Response Length Address all questions directly Clear position and well developed Coherence and Cohesion Cohesive devices Clear progression Clear central topic Lexical Resource Use a wide range of vocabulary Skillfully use uncommon items Error free Grammatical Range and Accuracy Use a wide range of structures Error freeTask2 评分标准解析 LR 得分对策 避免口语词汇 always; very; a lot of 避免表意不明 new things; bad things 避免使用使役动词 make sth adj. 避免意译 starting places; cut outWriting Task 2 分类突破 雅思写作话题分类 Report 【报告型】 Reasons Influences Measures Argumentation 【论证型】 Opinions Evidences 首段写法 贫富差距： 在当今社会，贫富差距很普遍并且越来越明显。这种状况如果得不到有效的解决将会给社会带来各种问题。本文将探讨贫富差距产生的原因并提出相应的解决方案。 国际旅游 当前，出国旅游现在已经非常普遍并且人们在旅游过程中了解的异国文化。这种国家之间的了解对国际关系将产生重大影响。本文将探讨国际旅游受欢迎的主要原因以及对个人与社会的影响。 环境污染： 在21世纪，人类面临着严峻的环境问题。这个问题如果没有得到有效的控制，会威胁人类的生存。在本文中，我将探讨环境污染的主要原因并提出有效的解决方案。首段写法 贫富差距： In the contemporary societies, the gap between the rich and the poor is prevalent and becoming increasingly obvious. If this situation is not addressed effectively, it will give rise to a variety of social problems. In this essay. I will look into the reasons for the wealth gap and bring forth corresponding solutions. 首段写法 国际旅游 In recent years, international travel has been increasingly popular across the world and the tourists learn about the distinctive cultures from their own through traveling. Such understanding between people has significantly affected the international relations. In this essay, I will investigate about the reason for increase of international tourists and analyze the effects on individuals and the society. 首段写法 环境问题 In the 21st century, the human race is facing grave environmental condition than any previous times. If the trend is not reversed, the survival of human being will be in risk. In this essay, I will elaborate on the causes of environmental damages and put forward corresponding solutions. 首段写法 贫富差距： 在当今社会，贫富差距很普遍并且越来越明显。这种状况如果得不到有效的解决将会给社会带来各种问题。本文将探讨贫富差距产生的原因并提出相应的解决方案。 国际旅游 当前，出国旅游现在已经非常普遍并且人们在旅游过程中了解的异国文化。这种国家之间的了解对国际关系将产生重大影响。本文将探讨国际旅游受欢迎的主要原因以及对个人与社会的影响。 环境污染： 在21世纪，人类面临着严峻的环境问题。这个问题如果没有得到有效的控制，会威胁人类的生存。在本文中，我将探讨环境污染的主要原因并提出有效的解决方案。首段写法 According to one recent survey, the number of private cars in Beijing has increased by 20% to 2 million and it is difficult to foresee any downward trend. THESIS STATEMENT This ever-swelling car ownership in many big cities as well as countryside is causing numerous problems. It is reported that the world is facing a worsening youth employment crisis: young people are three times more likely to be unemployed than adults and over 75 million youth worldwide are looking for work. THESIS STATEMENT The impacts of the situation should be given adequate attention. Proving surprising facts: statistics According to a recent survey, more than 70% of the It is reported that . An authoritative magazine concerning reveals that In a study conducted by the Medical Association, researchers concluded that Practice: The dying out of species Surprising statement: from experts or researches , as educationalists suggests / points out / advises Studies have shown that / proven that (facts) . Some experts draw the conclusion that Practice: Noise pollution Long term exposure in noise could lead to serious physical disorders or even fatal disease, as medical experts advises / cautions / suggests. THESIS STATEMENT They also prompt the government to identify the sources of noise and to take effective actions to reduce noise. Noise pollution adversely affects the lives of millions of people. Studies have shown that there are direct links between noise and health. Problems related to noise include hearing loss, sleep disruption, low productivity and so on, among which Hearing Loss is the most common. THESIS STATEMENT These health hazards can only be eliminated though identifying the main sources and the measures to reduce noises. Sample: In recent decades, an increasing number of museums and galleries have been built in my countries, most of which are equipped with the latest technology and advanced facilities. What is the function of such places and who should be responsible for financing such places? Most teens have money to spend thanks to an allowance or after-school job, but do they have the money management skills to go along with that income? Therefore some people suggest that we should teach children about financial management at an early age. It is known to all that noise can be annoying, but are you aware of the fact that the impacts of noise on our health can be appalling? THESIS STATEMENT To alleviate the hazardous effects, it is critical to identify the main sources of noise and take necessary measures to reduce noise pollution. 素材梳理： C7T3 Page 167 WRITING TASK 2 As most people spend a major part of their adult life at work, job satisfaction is an important element of individual wellbeing. What factors contribute to job satisfaction? How realistic is the expectoration of job satisfaction for all workers?Report主体段结构 考官范文赏析： Body 1 “Employees get job satisfaction in a number of ways.” Firstly, feel the work is valued and valuable and feel the job is worth doing Secondly, a sense of progression The sense of belonging also contribute to Satisfaction is also increased by a sense of responsibilityReport主体段结构 素材梳理： 环境资源类 Far too little has been done to prevent animals and plants from dying out, although people have noticed this problem for a long time. Why are people failed to improve this situation? What are your suggestions? Report主体段结构 素材梳理： Page 228 Reasons and solutions for juvenile crime.Report主体段结构 素材梳理： Page 246 Reasons and solutions to water shortageReport主体段结构 素材组织： 环境资源类 Far too little has been done to prevent animals and plants from dying out, although people have noticed this problem for a long time. Why are people failed to improve this situation? What are your suggestions? Report主体段结构 素材组织（平民版）： 首先 First of all; to begin with; first 其次 In addition; besides; in addition to 再次 Moreover; whats moreReport主体段结构 素材组织（砖家版）： Reasons 主要次要；直接间接 一个主要原因是 The major / main / prime cause is that 另一个因素是 The other contributing factor involves .也不能被忽略 In addition, should not be ignoredReport主体段结构 素材组织（砖家版）： Measures 有效性 一个有效解决方案是 One effective approach to solve the problem is 此外，也是一个可行的选择。 Besides, to do is also a feasible choice. 如果能, 问题也能得到极大的解决 Provided that can be done, this issue could be largely improved.Report主体段结构 素材组织（专家版）：Report主体段结构 素材组织（专家版）： The first reason is associated with the mass media, whether it is print media such as newspaper or magazine or the electronic media including the internet or TV, where the readers or audiences are bombarded with fashionable content. However, whether to buy something fashionable is ultimately determined by we individuals, or more exactly, consumers. Therefore, some consideration should be given to the buyer themselves. Report主体段结构 素材组织（专家版）：Report主体段结构 素材组织（专家版）： Many people suggest that the failure of family education may be to blame. Due to the fact that young children spent the major part of time in school educationalists also point out that there is a problem with school education as well. Report主体段结构 素材组织（专家版）： To reduce juvenile crime, first of all, parents should regulate childrens behavior and instill correct view of life. Though educating about right and wrong can reduce crime in the long run, to halt the current trend of juvenile crime, children should develop clear recognition about the consequences of inappropriate behaviors, where schools are in the best position to implement the solution. Schools should incorporate legal education into the elementary curriculum. Report主体段结构 素材组织（专家版）： C8 Page 167 solution to traffic and pollution I think to tackle the problem of pollution, cleaner fuels need to be developed. However, traffic congestion will not be solved by changing the type of private vehicle people can use. To do this, we need to improve the choice of public transport services available to travellers. Task 2 论据扩展方法 论据扩展： 环境资源类 Far too little has been done to prevent animals and plants from dying out, although people have noticed this problem for a long time. Why are people failed to improve this situation? What are your suggestions? Task 2 主体段落扩展 主体段落论据扩展： The main reason is that a large proportion of people lack the awareness of protecting the endangered species. Task 2 主体段落扩展 主体段落论据扩展： The main reason is that a large proportion of people lack the awareness of protecting the endangered species. Why so? 【给出原因】 Really? 【给出具体事例】Task 2 主体段落扩展 主体段落论据扩展： the main reason is that a large proportion of people lack the awareness of protecting the endangered species. 解释原因 Many people assume that there is no direct relation beween the living of those plants and animals and ours. 解释后果 As a result, people seldom see the necessity and the significance to invest heavily on protection, due to which many species become extinct. Task 2 主体段落扩展 主体段落论据扩展： The other contributing factor involves the economic development. 解释原因 Economic growth is invariably accompanied by taking resources from the nature such as cutting down woods in the forest, and discharging waste and pollutant into the nature. 解释后果 In this process, the habitats of many species are destroyed. 举例说明 Taking chemical industry for example, as it contributes to the overall national economy, the toxic water and other substances, which were discharged without being treated, have been the main cause of extinction of some aquatic lives. Task 2 主体段落扩展 主体段落论据扩展： People tend to give priority to economic development rather than species conservation. 解释原因 Generally speaking, ecomomic benefits are the primary concern of people, while protecting endangered species demands tremendous amount of resources and produced limited values. 解释后果Accordingly, being confronted with the choices, most would choose to develop the economy at the expenses of some species. Task 2 主体段落扩展 主体段落论据扩展： To improve the current situation, the government need to launch educational program to inform the public about the significance of protecting endangered species. How to do that? 【C8T3】 Is that effective?Task 2 主体段落扩展 主体段落论据扩展： For example, schools can open courses concerning environmental protection, and the government can broadcast educational contents through the mass media to the public. In this way, people will becoming increasing aware of the living condition of endangered species and take necessary actions. Task 2 主体段落扩展 论点表述： 20081023 Many people use distance-learning programs (study material post，TV，internet etc.) to study at home，but some people think that it can not bring the benefit as much as attending collegeoruniversity. Discuss both views and gives your opinion. 远程学习 上大学（在学校学习） 讨论双方观点并给出自己的观点Task 2 主体段落扩展 Task 2 真题练习 Many people use distance-learning programs (study material post，TV，internet etc.) to study at home，but some people think that it can not bring the benefit as much as attending collegeoruniversity. Discuss both views and gives your opinion. Task 2 主体段落扩展 Task 2 真题练习 TS One obvious advantage for students going to university is that studying in university may contribute to enhancing the students communicative abilities. 在学校学习一个最大的优势在于 大学学习对提高学生的交流能力有益。Task 2 主体段落扩展 Task 2 真题练习 Ss This is primarily / mainly because 这主要是因为 students living on the university campus will be able to get plenty of opportunities to communicate with different people, such as their roommates, classmates and tutors. Task 2 主体段落扩展 Task 2 真题练习 Ss For example, when students have problems about their studies, they may try to get a clear understanding of the question by communicating and discussing with their professors. In the process, students will be able to acquire the skills of communication. Ss By contrast, if students stay at home, learning through distance learning programs, they may be deprived of the opportunity to communicate with their peers and teachers. Task 2 主体段落扩展 Task 2 真题练习 Ss From the analysis above, it is clear that 由以上的分析，可以看出 attending university will benefit the students involved in terms of communicative skills, which are essential for their future careers. 150 wordsTask 2 主体段落扩展 Task 2 真题练习 TS The most obvious advantage for students going to university is that university education may contribute to enhancing the students communicative abilities. This is primarily / mainly because For example, when By contrast, if From the analysis above, it is clear that Task 2 主体段落扩展 Task 2 真题练习 TS Government should take the main responsibility to address the environmental problem. This is primarily / mainly because For example, when By contrast, From the analysis above, it is clear that Task 2 主体段落扩展 Task 2 真题练习 TS However, on the other hand, by stressing the role that governments play does not mean the individuals can not make significant change to the current situaiton. This is primarily / mainly because For example, when By contrast, if From the analysis above, it is clear that Report末段 Report 构思： 末段：总结要点 总之，问题涉及到多方面的原因， 但是结合上面提到的方式，我们可以有效的减少负面影响。 In conclusion, multiple reasons result in the current (problem / issue), while by combining the approaches mentioned above, we can effectively minimize the negative influences or even eliminate the problem. Report 真题实战Report 写作分析Writing Task 2 In many countries, more and more young people are leaving school and unable to find jobs after graduation. What problems do you think youth unemployment will cause to the individuals and the society and what measures can be adopted to solve this problem?Report 写作分析Report 写作分析 写提纲： Problems that unemployment causes New graduates would live in miserable situation. Cause huge waste of talent Increase the instability of society Solutions New graduates should lower their working expectation Graduates should equip themselves with new skills Government should make effort in creating more working opportunitiesReport 写作分析 合理安排： Problems that unemployment causes For individuals, new graduates would live in miserable situation. For society, it causes huge waste of talent For society, Increase the instability of society Solutions At the individual level, new graduates should lower their working expectation At the individual level, graduates should equip themselves with new skills At the governmental level, government should make effort in creating more working opportunitiesTask 2 论点论证结构 Report 构思： 2009.11.7 WRITING TASK 2 Recent statistics show that the crimes committed by the young people in the major city of the world are on the increase. Give your analysis of the reasons and the solutions. Reasons: Increasing stress in life Negative influence from media Adolescent psychological problems are not well treatedTask 2 论点论证结构 Report 构思： 2009.11.7 WRITING TASK 2 Reasons: TS: Most contributing factors are associated with environment that youth live in. Increasing stress in life and study Negative information from modern media TS: Another element is intertwined with psychological education. Adolescent psychological problems are not well treatedTask 2 论点论证结构 Report 构思： 2009.11.7 WRITING TASK 2 Recent statistics show that the crimes committed by the young people in the major city of the world are on the increase. Give your analysis of the reasons and the solutions. Solutions: Promote psychological education Provide psychological consultancy services Depurate network environment Task 2 论点论证结构 Report 构思： 2009.11.7 WRITING TASK 2 Solutions: TS: Since the problem mainly arises from sub-healthy mental state, TS: Corresponding actions should be taken. Promote psychological education Provide psychological consultancy services Depurate network environment Report 篇章结构 考察时间：2009-5-21 2009-5-21 A hundred years ago, people thought that the human race was steadily improving in every area of life. Now it seems this is not certain in that situation. In which areas do you think we have made important progress nowadays? In which areas do you think we need to make progress? 话题中心： Progresses people made and problems people face 写作要求： Examples of progress Examples of problemsReport 篇章结构 Task 写作框架汇总 考察时间：