chapter 6-2 医学术语前缀.ppt

ChapterSix PrefixesofMedicalTerms Prefixes Aletteroralettercombinationplacedbeforeawordoracombiningformtoalterormodifythebasicmeaningofthewordprefixation Prefixes AnEnglishCaseHistory AnEnglishCaseHistory DetailsName Date 1stJanuary 2000Time 07 20Place A E accident emergency Age Sex maleOccupation AnEnglishCaseHistory PCPC PresentingComplaint主诉4 hourcrushingretrosternalchestpain Prefixes retrosternalretro P037 Backward orlocatedbehindaretrospectivestudyretrogradeamnesia逆行性遗忘ante ro P036 anterogradeamnesia顺行性遗忘 AnEnglishCaseHistory HPCHPC HistoryofPresentingComplaint现病史发病 胸骨后压榨性疼痛 小时 向颈与双臂放射 5 10分钟内逐渐起病Onset 4hoursof crushingtight retrosternalchestpain radiatingtoneckandbotharms gradualonsetover5 10minutes AnEnglishCaseHistory Durationpersistentsinceonset持续时间 间期 发病起持续至今Severityworstpaineverhad严重程度 从未痛得如此厉害过 AnEnglishCaseHistory Relieving exacerbatingfactors缓解与恶化因素GTN glyceryltrinitrate providednoreliefalthoughnormallyrelievespaininminutes nootherrelieving exacerbatingfactors 硝酸甘油平时能在数分钟内缓解疼痛 但本次无效 无其它缓解和恶化因素 Prefixes trinitratetri P043 Three third thrice tripletriplet Prefixes Prefixes Prefixes othernumeralprefixes P043 0nulli 1 2semi hemi 100centi hectogram1 000Kilo 1 1billionnano Prefixes othernumeralprefixes P043 糖尿病 三多一少多尿poly P044 much manypolyuria Prefixes othernumeralprefixes P043 糖尿病 三多一少多饮polydipsia 烦渴 多食polyphagia polyphagy体重减少Lossofweight Prefixes othernumeralprefixes P043 多尿Polyuria少尿oliguriaoligo 044 oligodontia少牙 畸形 Prefixes othernumeralprefixes P044 Few little pauc olig Much many morethanonepoly plur multi Whole allholo pan AnEnglishCaseHistory Associatedsymptoms相关症状Nauseavomiting 2SweatingDizzy 恶心 呕吐2次 出汗 眩晕 AnEnglishCaseHistory Associatedsymptoms相关症状externalchesttightnessanddyspneainitiallycontrolledbyatenolol 出现胸外疼痛与呼吸困难 经服氨酰心安 阿替洛尔控制 Prefixes externalex o P038 outof outsideexogenicexocrineend o P036 endogenicendocrine Prefixes dyspneadys P046 difficult impaired abnormal baddysgraphiadysarthrosisdysfunctiondysenterydysbasia AnEnglishCaseHistory Associatedsymptoms相关症状symptomsworse exercisetolerance200yardsonflat limitedbychestpain症状加重 受胸痛限制 仅耐受平地行走200码 Prefixes symptomsym syn sym beforeb m p P040 With together fusedSymptom 1541 earliersinthoma 1398 fromM L sinthoma symptomofadisease fromL L symptoma fromGk symptoma gen symptomatos ahappening accident disease fromstemofsympiptein tobefall fromsyn together piptein tofall fromPIEbase pet torush tofly seepetition SpellingalteredinEng byinfluenceofM Fr andL L forms Symptomaticingeneralsenseof indicative of isfrom1751 Prefixes sym syn sym beforeb m p P040 With together fusedsynarthrosis synarthrodiasymphysissymbiosis AnEnglishCaseHistory Associatedsymptoms相关症状Norestpain noorthopnea noPND静息时无疼痛无端坐呼吸PND Paroxysmalnocturnaldyspnea无阵发性夜间呼吸困难 Prefixes orthopneaortho P120 straightorthodonticsorthopnea Prefixes 呼吸困难dyspnea P046 呼吸迟缓bradypnea P046 bradycardia 呼吸急促tachypnea P046 tachycardia tachyrhythmia呼吸暂停apnea P041 asepsiaanemia Prefixes paroxysmalpara o P041 Beside bythesideof beyondparalgesia感觉倒错paroxysmal paroxysm suddenattack convulsion 1577 fromM Fr Paroxysme fromGk paroxysmos frompara beyond oxynein sharpen goad fromoxys sharp pointed Prefixes nocturnalnoct P135 nightnocturia AnEnglishCaseHistory Riskfactors危险因素Hypertension noSmoking 20cigarettesperdayfor16yearsDiabetes noCholesterol nevercheckedIschemicheartdisease angina previousMI Prefixes hypertensionhyper P038 Over above beyond excessive高血糖hyperglycemiahypo P038 Beneath under低血糖hypoglycemia AnEnglishCaseHistory PMHPMH pastmedicalhistory既往史1963 appendectomy1972 duodenalulcer nosymptomssince19721986 myocardialinfarction fullrecovery Nosubsequentinvestigation follow upvisit无随访 AnEnglishCaseHistory PMHPMH pastmedicalhistory既往史subsequentinvestigation follow upvisit随访 无糖尿病 高血压 风湿性心脏病 结核病 癫痫 哮喘 黄疸 脑血管疾病Nodiabetes hypertension rheumaticheartdisease tuberculosis epilepsy asthma jaundice cerebrovasculardisease Prefixes epilepsyepi P135 Upon above besideEpilepsyfromM Fr EpilepsiefromL L epilepsiafromGk epilepsia seizure fromepi upon lepsis seizure Replacedthenativename fallingsickness Prefixes jaundicejaund P045 yellowcirrho P045 tawny fromthecolorofthediseasedliver cirrhosis AnEnglishCaseHistory S ES E systemsenquiry系统询问GeneralFatiguelatelyappetiteunchangedweightstablenosweatsnopruritussleepingwell最近有疲劳感 食欲无改变 体重稳定 无出汗或骚痒 睡眠佳 AnEnglishCaseHistory S ERSrespiratorysystemGITgastrointestinaltractGUSgenitourinarysystemNSnervoussystemMSmotorsystem AnEnglishCaseHistory FHFH familyhistory家族史FatherMother AnEnglishCaseHistory O EO E onexamination体检GeneralUnwellSweatyClammynocyanosisnojaundicetemperaturecigarette stainedfingersnoxanthomas xanthelasma无老人弓环 黄瘤 黄斑瘤 Prefixes xanthomas xanthelasmaxanth o P045 yellowxanthoderma Prefixes cyanosiscyan o P045 darkbluecyanoderma Prefixes Otherprefixesdenotingcolor P044 45 whitealb i albin o album oalbiduria albinism 白化病 albumin 白蛋白 greenchlorochlorophyllrederythr oerythromycin Prefixes Otherprefixesdenotingcolor P045 grayglauc o glaucomawhiteleuk o leuco Black darkmelan o melanemia melanoblastoma Prefixes Otherprefixesdenotingcolor P045 Black darkmelan o melancholy conditioncharacterizedbysullenness gloom irritability fromO Fr melancholie fromL L melancholia fromGk melankholia sadness lit blackbile frommelas gen melanos black Medievalphysiologyattributeddepressiontoexcessof blackbile asecretionofthespleenandoneofthebody sfour humors Prefixes Otherprefixesdenotingcolor P045 purplepurpur purpura紫癜redrub rubi rube o Rubomycin柔红霉素 AnEnglishCaseHistory CVSCardiaovascularsystemPluse104bpmregular normalcharacterBP110 70mmHg right 112 74mmHg left JVP jugularvenouspulse normalNoprecordialscars chestdeformities无心前区疤痕 胸廓畸形 Apexbeatdisplacedtoanterioraxillary sline6thintercostalsspace心尖博动向腋前线第6肋间移位 Noparasternalheave thrills无胸骨旁隆起 震颤 Prefixes deformitiesde P041 doormaketheoppositeof reverse removefromdefibrillationdehydrationde P039 Downfrom awayfrom offdecongestantdecomposition Prefixes displacedis P039 Apart separatedislocationdisplacementdis P041 Not theconverseofdisable Prefixes Othernegationprefix P041 042 notin il ir im notnon notun Prefixes intercostalinter 加如P041 Between肋下的infracostalinfra P037 inferiorto below orbeneath肋上的supracostalsupra P037 above over AnEnglishCaseHistory CVSCardiaovascularsystemAuscultation heartsoundsnormal butsoftpansystolicmurmuratapexradiatingtoaxilla听诊 心音正常 但心尖闻及收缩前柔和杂音 向腋窝放射 Peripheralpulses absentrightpoplitealtodorsalispedis围脉搏 右腘窝至足背动脉博动阙如 Nosacralorankleedema无骶部与踝部水肿 Prefixes peripheralperi P041 aroundfromO Fr PeriferiefromL L peripheriafromGk peripheria circumference outersurface lit acarryingaround fromperi roundabout pherein tocarry Peripheralfirstrecorded1808 Prefixes displacedis P039 Apart separatedislocationdisplacementdis P041 Not theconverseofdisable Prefixes circumferencecircum P041 around encirclingCircumflexacircumflexbloodvessel 卷曲的血管 AnEnglishCaseHistory NSNervoussystemHigherfunctionnormalCranialnerves normal PERRLA pupilsequalinreactiontolightandaccomodation normalfundiandvisualfields第二对颅神经 瞳孔对光调节反应等大 正常眼底与视野 nodiplopia nystagmus第三 四 九颅神经 无复视和眼球震颤 normal AnEnglishCaseHistory NSNervoussystemupperandlowerlimbs power tone coordination sensationallnormal上下肢 肌力 肌张力 协调 感觉正常 Reflexes Biceps Supinator Triceps Knee Ankle plantar 跖 Prefixes reflexesre P039 back againregeneration Prefixes Refertothetextbookforotherprefixes AnEnglishCaseHistory DetailsaboutthepatientPresentingComplaintHistoryofPresentingComplaintDuration SeverityAssociatedsym