学苑教育内部资料2012同等学力考试资料.pdf

讲义资料 第一部分第一部分 翻译写作词汇翻译写作词汇 常用名词常用名词 国家 政府 社会 经济 文化 政治 Nation government society economy culture politics 科学 技术 发明 创新 网络 环境 Science technology invention innovation internet environment 生态 平衡 资源 污染 能源 研究 Ecology balance resource pollution energy study 风险 市场 竞争 商业 广告 投资 Risk market competition commerce advertisement investment 繁荣 利益 生产 就业 失业 公司 Boom profit production employment unemployment company 贸易 财富 股票 部门 政策 趋势 Trade wealth stock sector policy trend 交通 教育 素质 文凭 证书 学位 Transport education quality diploma certificate degree 考试 发展 效率 交流 途径 领域 Exam development efficiency communication means sector 危险 癌症 进步 稳定 安全 信息 Danger cancer progress stability security information 时代 人类 生活 机会 质量 水平 Age mankind life chance quality standard 健康 产品 灾难 自然 服务 方式 Health product disaster nature service style 需求 供给 压力 危机 问题 差距 Demand supply stress crisis problem gap 桥梁 努力 影响 调查 气候 物种 Bridge effort effect survey climate species 工业 农业 好处 Industry agriculture advantage 常用动词常用动词 缺少 提高 促进 改善 完成 实现 lack improve Promote improve complete realize 生产 提出 继续 发展 保护 鼓励 produce propose Continue develop protect encourage 取代 克服 遭遇 经历 生存 管理 replace overcome Come across experience survive manage 维持 有害 影响 允许 估计 预计 maintain do harm to Influence permit evaluate predict 发生 变化 增长 减少 有益 举办 讲义资料 happen change Increase decrease Do good to hold 打算 禁止 限制 尊重 欣赏 欢迎 plan ban Limit respect appreciate welcome 注意 关心 喜欢 担忧 弥补 落后 Notice Be concerned about Like Be worried about Make up for Lag behind 显示 带来 引起 应对 适应 联系 Show bring Cause Deal with adapt link 执行 开辟 建议 认为 坚持 用光 Carry out Open up Suggest believe Insist on Use up 生效 面临 掌握 擅长 适合 形成 Come into effect Be confronted with Grasp Be good at suit form 忽视 依靠 习惯 易于 培养 建设 Neglect Depend on Be used to doing Be likely to cultivate build 成功 失败 消费 节约 浪费 珍惜 Succeed in Fail to Consume conserve waste value 常用形容词常用形容词 不断的 重要的 迅速的 明显的 有效的 有用的 continuous important Rapid obvious effective useful 积极的 消极的 可持续的 紧迫的 相同的 不同的 Positive negative Sustainable urgent same different 相互的 共同的 普遍的 简单的 困难的 危险的 Mutual common Common Easy hard dangerous 必要的 国家的 国际的 全球的 严重的 深入的 necessary national international global serious deep 广泛的 正常的 和谐的 发达的 发展中的 经济的 extensive normal Harmonious developed developing economic 社会的 文化的 工业的 农业的 实际的 现实的 Social cultural Industrial agricultural practical realistic 第二部分第二部分 As 用法小结用法小结 as of as from 从从 起起 例如 1 You are in charge 负责 as of today 2 The agreement starts as from March 13 as for 至于至于 例如 1 As for me I shall return there on arrival 2 As for me I m in favor of the first view as to 关于 至于 关于 至于 例如 He asked my advice as to what to do next as with 与与 一样 一样 讲义资料 例如 As with so many of the major problems of society the precise extent and nature of the environmental crisis are not entirely clear as against in contrast with 与与 相对照 相对照 例如 1 She gets Saturdays off in her new job as against working alternate weekends in her last one 她新找的这份工作星期六放假 而原来的那份工作周末是隔周放假 2 The business done this year amounts to 20 000 as against 15 000 last year as regards 至于 至于 例如 There are no special rules as regards what clothes you should wear 至于应该穿什么衣服没有硬性规定 as follows 如下 如下 例如 1 The reasons are as follows 2 The report reads as follows as it were 可以说 姑且这么说 可以说 姑且这么说 例如 He is as it were a walking dictionary 他 可以说 是一部活词典 as opposed to 和和 相反 相反 例如 John likes rice as opposed to Mary who hates it as soon as possible 尽快地 尽快地 例如 We should take steps as soon as possible may might could as well do sth 不妨 最好 做某事 不妨 最好 做某事 例如 Since it is too late we might as well go back home as a rule 通常 通常 例如 1 As a rule they sat together very quietly 2 His writing as a rule is elegant as yet 到这时到这时为止 还没有 为止 还没有 But none of these are as yet carefully thought out plans such as to 这样这样 以致以致 例如 I went about my job in such a way as to try to kill two birds with one stone not so much as 与其说与其说 倒不如说 倒不如说 The trumpet player was certainly loud But I wasn t bothered by his loudness so much as by his lack of talent 这个吹号手的声音确实很大 但我烦的与其说是他吹得太响 倒不如说是他缺乏天分 such as 例如 例如 Studies show that the things that contribute most to a sense of happiness cannot be bought with money such as a good family life friendship and work satisfaction 研究表明 那些 最能使人产生幸福感的东西是不能用金钱买到的 如和睦的家庭生活 友谊和事业上的满足 感 as long as so long as 只要 引导条件从句 只要 引导条件从句 As long as he works hard I don t mind when he finishes the experiment Just as so 正如正如 一样 一样 也也 例如 Just as air is important to man so is water to fish as though as if 似乎 似乎 例如 Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away as though to go out of the office much as 虽然 虽然 例如 Much as I admired David as a poet I don t like him as a man 虽然我仰慕 作为诗人的大卫 但我不喜欢他的为人 as 虽然虽然 引导部分倒装的让步从句引导部分倒装的让步从句 Young as he is he knows a lot 他虽年轻 但很懂事 as 作关系代词 引导定语从句 代表整个主句的意思作关系代词 引导定语从句 代表整个主句的意思 1 A good many proposals were raised by the delegates as was to be expected 正如所料 代表们提出了许多建议 2 As might be expected the response to the question was mixed 正如所料 人们对这个问题观点不一 as as 引出比较状语从句 引出比较状语从句 Americans eat twice as much protein as they actually need every day 美国人摄取的蛋白质是他们实际需要量的两倍 As is often the case 事情常常是这样 事情常常是这样 As is often the case it happened so gradually that it was barely perceptible 讲义资料 第三部分第三部分 常考同义词和近义词常考同义词和近义词 控告某人犯了 accuse sb of sth charge sb with sth 夸大 exaggerate overestimate overvalue overrate magnify 缩小 低估 underestimate undervalue minimize 使困惑 puzzle bewilder confuse perplex 影响 affect influence impact on bear on 控制 control dominate curb regulate harness control and use 污染 pollute contaminate foul 计算 calculate compute reckon 出现 appear emerge come into being 关心 care for foster be concerned about 把 归因于 owe to attribute to refer to 减轻 缓解 ease alleviate relieve 给予 render offer impart confer 实现 realize effect 炫耀 show off parade 自尊心 ego pride self esteem dignity 涌入 crowd into pour into stream into swarm into pack into 体现 express embody 决定 decide determine elect make up one s mind 渴望 desire long for aspire to pant 改进 improve mend 消除 eliminate remove erase get rid of 威胁 threat menace 聚精会神做 be absorbed in doing be immersed in doing 有偏见的 biased partial prejudiced 损害 spoil impair harm endanger 包含 包括 embrace comprise encompass include 停止 stop halt cease 持久 last endure 推进 further promote 上升 rise escalate go up climb 繁荣 prosper flourish thrive 容忍 bear tolerate put up with brook 缺点 shortcoming defect drawback flaw setback 指望 依靠 count on depend on rely on reckon on bank on lean on 倾向于 tend to be inclined to be liable to be apt to 怀疑的 skeptical dubious doubtful suspicious 减少 decrease decline reduce diminish temper moderate 索然无味的 uninteresting dull tedious boring 不偏不倚的 impartial detached neutral unbiased 有意的 purposeful deliberate intentional 培训 train practice nurture 讲义资料 不理会 ignore discount disregard pay no attention to turn a deaf ear to 改变 change alter modify remold reshape 增加 increase augment add to multiply 抛弃 discard abandon desert give up get rid of 浪费 waste dissipate 废除 abolish do away with scrap 揭露 disclose reveal unveil 性格 脾气 personality disposition 谨慎的 careful discreet prudent cautious 厌恶 怨恨 disgust resent hate 满足 meet satisfy cater to 沉思 细想 ponder meditate think deeply dwell on 必然包含 involve entail 忽略 疏忽 overlook neglect give no attention to 使沮丧 使失望 disappoint frustrate dismay let sb down depress 诱惑 lure tempt induce 讽刺 satire sarcasm irony 造成 引起 cause pose bring about give rise to evoke 发人深省 set sb thinking be thought provoking 利用 make use of take advantage of utilize harness 来自于 come from result from arise from stem from derive from 挫伤 使灰心 discourage frustrate upset 严肃的 earnest serious grave solemn 对 感兴趣 be interested in sth be struck by sth 拒绝 不给 refuse deny withhold keep back 欣赏 enjoy relish appreciate 假装 pretend sham 膺品 fake sham 照管 take care of look after tend 使 恶化 make sth worse aggravate deteriorate sour 主要的 首要的 primary main chief principal sovereign 第四部分第四部分 写作模板句式写作模板句式 一 段首句一 段首句 1 关于 人们有不同的观点 一些人认为 2 关于 人们的观点各不相同 一些人认为 说 在他们看来 3 现在 很普遍 许多人喜欢 因为 另外 而且 4 任何事物都是有两面性 也不例外 它既有有利的一面 也有不利的一面 讲义资料 4 已成为人们关注的热门话题 特别是在年青人当中 将引发激烈的辩论 5 在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用 它给我们带来了许多好处 但同时也 引发一些严重的问题 6 人类正面临着一个严重的问题 这个问题变得越来越严重 首先 其 次 7 俗话说 常言道 它是我们前辈的经验 但是 即使在今天 它在许多场合仍 然适用 8 现在 有 它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害 首先 其次 更为 糟糕的是 10 根据图表 数字 统计数字 表格中的百分比 图表 条形图 成形图可以看出 很显 然 但是为什么呢 二 中间段落句二 中间段落句 1 相反 有一些人赞成 他们相信 而且 他们认为 2 但是 我认为这不是解决 的好方法 比如 最糟糕的是 3 临 我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来 一方面 另一方面 所有国 家的政府应该颁布法规来 最后 应该鼓励进行科学研究 探索出解决 的行之有 效的方法 4 早就应该拿出行动了 比如说 另外 所有这些方法肯定会 5 对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的 也是 非常重要的 首先 而且 最重要的是 6 有几个可供我们采纳的方法 首先 我们可以 有一些好处 另外一种解决的方 法是 7 为什么 第一个原因是 第二个原因是 第三个原因是 总的来说 的主要原因是由于 8 然而 正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样 也有它的不利的一面 象 此 外 9 尽管如此 我认为 更有利 1 我还是同意 这种观点 陈述 主要理由如下 讲义资料 三 结尾句三 结尾句 1 至于我 对我来说 就我而言 我认为 更合理 只有这样 我们才能 2 对我来说 我认为有必要 原因如下 第一 第二 最后但同样重要 的是 3 至于我 在某种程度上我同意后面的观点 我认为 4 总而言之 整个社会应该密切关注 这个问题 只有这样 我们才能在将来 5 但是 和 都有它们各自的优势 好处 例如 而 然而 把这两 者相比较 我更倾向于 喜欢 6 就我个人而言 我相信 因此 我坚信美好的未来正等着我们 因为 7 随着社会的发展 因此 迫切需要 如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自己的一份 力量 这个社会将要变得越来越好 8 在总体上很难说 是好还是坏 因为它在很大程度上取决于 的形势 然而 就我 个人而言 我发现 9 综上所述 我们可以清楚地得出结论 10 如果我们不采取有效的方法 就可能控制不了这种趋势 就会出现一些意想不到的不良 后果 所以 我们应该做的是 第五部分第五部分 常用句型的英语翻译常用句型的英语翻译 一 段首句一 段首句 1 There are different opinions among people as to Some people suggest that 2 People s opinions about vary from person to person Some people say that To them 3 Nowadays it is common to Many people like because Besides 4 Everything has two sides and is not an exception it has both advantages and disadvantages 5 has become a hot topic among people especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way 6 has been playing an increasingly important role in our day to day life It has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well 7 Man is now facing a big problem which is becoming more and more serious First Second 讲义资料 8 There is an old saying It s the experience of our forefathers however it is correct in many cases even today 9 Today there are which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life First Second What makes things worse is that 10 According to the figure number statistics percentages in the chart bar graph line graph it can be seen that while Obviously but why 二 中间段落句二 中间段落句 1 On the contrary there are some people in favor of At the same time they say 2 But I don t think it is a very good way to solve For example Worst of all 3 Confronted with we should take a series of effective measures to For one thing For another governments of all countries are supposed to lay down rules and regulations to Finally scientific researches should be encouraged to work out efficient methods of 4 It is high time that something was done about is For example In addition All these measures will certainly 5 is necessary and important to out country s development and construction Fist What s more Most important of all 6 There are several measures for us to adopt Fist we can there are a number of advantages of Another solution is to 7 Why The first reason is that The second reason is The third is For all this the main cause of if due to 8 However just like everything has both its good and bad sides also has its own disadvantages such as Besides 9 Nonetheless I reckon that is more advantageous 10 I fully agree with the statement that because 三 结尾句三 结尾句 1 For my part I think it reasonable to Only in this way can you 2 In my opinion I think it necessary to The reasons are as follows First Second Last but not least 3 As far as I am concerned I agree with the latter opinion to some extent I think that 4 In a word the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of Only in this way can in the future 5 But and have their own advantages For example while Comparing this with that however I prefer to 6 Personally I believe that Consequently I m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because 7 With the development of society So it s urgent and necessary to If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society it will be better and better 8 It is difficult to say whether is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of However from a personal point of view I find 9 From what has been discussed above we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that 讲义资料 10 If we can not take useful means we may not control this trend and some undesirable results may come up unexpectedly so what we should do is 第六部分第六部分 作文热门话题作文热门话题 作文一作文一 Patriotism 1 爱国主义的含义 爱国主义的含义 2 爱国主义的表现 爱国主义的表现 3 缺乏爱国主义的危害 缺乏爱国主义的危害 Patriotism Patriotism means the love of one s country It makes one ready to sacrifice one s life for one s country and to do many other deeds which can bring benefits to the people The effect is very great when it is exercised by all the people of a country It makes a country strong and her history glorious It also improves a man s character and secures for him a widespread fame To love our country to work so as to make her strong and rich to support her government to obey her laws to pay fair taxes into her treasury to treat our fellow citizens as we wish to be treated ourselves this is to be a real Chinese patriot If the people of a country are not patriotic the country must be very weak History tells us how some countries of ancient times were owing to a lack of patriotism conquered by other peoples and how the peoples of the conquered countries were made slaves under the yoke of their victorious masters 作文二作文二 Low Carbon Living 1 当今社会提倡低碳环保的生活方式当今社会提倡低碳环保的生活方式 2 低碳环保的生活方式的益处低碳环保的生活方式的益处 3 我该怎么做我该怎么做 Low Carbon Living In order to preserve our environment a new lifestyle low carbon living is being promoted around the world It is universally acknowledged that low carbon lifestyle is of great importance for the whole world For one thing it will help us to save our resources and get rid of excessive amount of greenhouse gases For another it is beneficial to the sustainable development of our society which enables our next generations to live a better and superior life As college students we should have a strong sense of protecting our environment When studying with a computer we are supposed to turn off the programs that we aren t working with and reduce the screen brightness as much as possible in order to save electricity When going somewhere we are supposed to go there on foot or by bike instead of taking a bus or driving a car Only in this way can we own a better living environment 作文三作文三 Traffic in the City 讲义资料 1 交通是现代城市的一大问题 交通是现代城市的一大问题 2 污染和堵车是交通问题的两大体现 污染和堵车是交通问题的两大体现 3 解决交通问题的手段可以有多种 解决交通问题的手段可以有多种 Traffic is one of the greatest problems of a modern city One problem is pollution As more and more people buy their own cars air pollution as well as noise pollution becomes more and more serious Every minute there are thousands of cars exhausting huge amounts of waste gas into the air As a result the air is polluted Also medical evidence testifies that the piercing horns of vehicles weaken people s hearing and make them restless Still polluted air may cause pneumonia cancer or other diseases in the long run Another problem is traffic jam In the rush time of a workday one may spend hours waiting in the car lines on the road for passage It is not only a waste of time but what s more it may ruin important appointments or business opportunities Besides a one hour traffic jam is enough to consume one s patience and good temper Therefore when one finally gets to work or go back home one is already annoyed By whom On one seems responsible To build highways and bridges only works out part of the problem There s still much more to be done It is recently suggested that the private car ownership be limited In a word people are doing something to solve the serious problem of traffic 作文四作文四 The Advantages and Disadvantages of TV 1 电视开阔了人们的视野 电视开阔了人们的视野 2 电视节目有教育意义 电视节目有教育意义 3 电视的负面影响 电视的负面影响 The Advantages and Disadvantages of TV Television presents a vivid world to us TV programs are divided into several parts such as TV news TV reports TV series Around the world and so on We can t go to every place of the world but we can understand customs and habits of other countries on television Television can offer viewers knowledge and pleasure Television can also play an educational role in our daily life With the development of s