韦博口语培训,如何纠正不良的英语阅读习惯.doc

登陆网站 参加免费试学韦博口语培训，如何纠正不良的英语阅读习惯在“听、说、读、写”四大英语技能中，阅读占有很重要的地位。阅读理解也是中考、高考和其他各类考试的必考题型。但是在日常的学习中，有不少同学还没有养成良好的阅读习惯。这大大影响了阅读的效率，长期下去还会挫伤英语学习的积极性。要想提高阅读水平，首先要看有没有良好的阅读习惯。如果还没有，不妨从以下几方面来培养：养成默读的习惯许多同学在阅读的时候都有读出声的习惯。出声阅读的主要弊病就是使自己的阅读速度和效率受到说话速度的限制。因为，正常默读速度几乎要比出声朗读的速度快两倍以上。另外，出声阅读往往以不同的形式表现出来，有时仅仅是无声地动一动嘴唇，有时甚至连嘴唇也不动，只是舌、喉在活动。嘴唇的活动无疑会影响眼睛扫视文章的速度。一个有效率的读者能够只看到印刷符号就直接获得意思，而不经过声音阶段。因此，为了克服这种不良的阅读习惯，就要训练自己养成通过眼睛直接感知文字符号的视读能力。克服心读的习惯心读是一种很难观察到的阅读习惯。心读时，人体的任何部位，不论嘴、头或声带都没有动，只存在一种说话的内在形式：阅读者在内心里始终自言自语，清晰地发出并听着每个字音。这种毛病亦是一种很坏的阅读习惯，它直接影响到阅读的速度和效率，并且矫正起来还比较困难。采用强制自己在深入理解文章内容的同时，又强制自己加快阅读速度的方法，一般能逐渐克服这种坏习惯。克服指读的习惯指读是指用手指、铅笔或尺子等指着文章的一个个词进行阅读。指读是单纯机械运动，不仅会减慢阅读速度，而且还会把注意力引向错误的方向。一个高效率的阅读者不会注意单词的位置，也不会在每个单词上平均花费时间，而是把注意力集中在作者要阐明的思想内容上。有指读习惯的同学实际上妨碍了眼睛运动并限制了大脑的快速活动能力。因此，必须克服这种不良的阅读习惯，逐渐养成用脑瞬间反映文字信息的能力。克服复视的习惯复视指的是读完一个句子或段落后回过头去重复阅读。阅读能力差的同学往往有复视的习惯。改变这种不良习惯的办法是让自己阅读大量难度适宜的读物。在先了解阅读要求的情况下，用眼睛快速扫描答案。这样就不会因遇到生词或不太懂的短语、句子或段落而回过头来再看，以致养成复视的习惯。克服阅读时头摆动的习惯有的时候，我们在阅读时头部会下意识地左右摆动，这也是阅读的一种坏习惯。在阅读过程中，有些同学往往尽量使自己的鼻尖对准正在读的每一个字。这样，当他顺着一行字往下读时，他就会轻微地摆动头部，而当他通过头的摆动来阅读下一行时，他就会很快转回去以便使鼻尖再对准阅读文章的左边。这种头部摆动的过程，自己往往意识不到，而正是这种不必要的动作对阅读的速度产生了不良的影响。因此，必须克服这种毛病，养成阅读时只移动视线不摆动头的习惯。还有其他一些不良的阅读习惯，如阅读时注意力不集中，“思想开小差”；有的用手或笔比划着，逐行地向下移；有的一面阅读一面玩弄着笔、尺子、钥匙等物，不时地发出响声；有的爱抖动双腿；有的过多地进行语法分析；等等。这些不良习惯直接影响到我们的思路，降低阅读速度，因此应及时纠正。Every village has its idiosyncrasy， its constitution， often its own code of morality. The levity of some of the younger women in and about Trantridge was marked， and was perhaps symptomatic of the choice spirit who ruled The Slopes in that vicinity. The place had also a more abiding defect； it drank hard. The staple conversation on the farms around was on the uselessness of saving money； and smockfrocked arithmeticians， leaning on their ploughs or hoes， would enter into calculations of great nicety to prove that parish relief was a fuller provision for a man in his old age than any which could result from savings out of their wages during a whole lifetime.The chief pleasure of these philosophers lay in going every Saturday night， when work was done， to Chaseborough， a decayed market-town two or three miles distant； and， returning in the small hours of the next morning， to spend Sunday in sleeping off the dyspeptic effects of the curious compounds sold to them as beer by the monopolizers of the once independent inns.For a long time Tess did not join in the weekly pilgrimages. But under pressure from matrons not much older than herselffor a field-mans wages being as high at twenty-one as at forty， marriage was early hereTess at length consented to go. Her first experience of the journey afforded her more enjoyment than she had expected， the hilariousness of the others being quite contagious after her monotonous attention to the poultry-farm all the week. She went again and again. Being graceful and interesting， standing moreover on the momentary threshold of womanhood， her appearance drew down upon her some sly regards from loungers in the streets of Chaseborough； hence， though sometimes her journey to the town was made independently， she always searched for her fellows at nightfall， to have the protection of their companionship homeward.This had gone on for a month or two when there came a Saturday in September， on which a fair and a market coincided； and the pilgrims from Trantridge sought double delights at the inns on that account. Tesss occupations made her late in setting out， so that her comrades reached the town long before her. It was a fine September evening， just before sunset， when yellow lights struggle with blue shades in hairlike lines， and the atmosphere itself forms a prospect without aid from more solid objects， except the innumerable winged insects that dance in it. Through this low-lit mistiness Tess walked leisurely along.She did not discover the coincidence of the market with the fair till she had reached the place， by which time it was close upon dusk. Her limited marketing was soon completed； and then as usual she began to look about for some of the Trantridge cottagers.At first she could not find them， and she was informed that most of them had gone to what they called a private little jig at the house of a hay-trusser and peat-dealer who had transactions with their farm. He lived in an out-of-the-way nook of the townlet， and in trying to find her course thither her eyes fell upon Mr dUrberville standing at a street corner.Whatmy Beauty？ You here so late？ he said.She told him that she was simply waiting for company homeward.Ill see you again， said he over her shoulder as she went on down the back lane.Approaching the hay-trussers she could hear the fiddled notes of a reel proceeding from some building in the rear； but no sound of dancing was audiblean exceptional state of things for these parts， where as a rule the stamping drowned the music. The front door being open she could see straight through the house into the garden at the back as far as the shades of night would allow； and nobody appearing to her knock she traversed the dwelling and went up the path to the outhouse whence the sound had attracted her.It was a windowless erection used for storage， and from the open door there floated into the obscurity a mist of yellow radiance， which at first Tess thought to be illuminated smoke. But on drawing nearer she perceived that it was a cloud of dust， lit by candles within the outhouse， whose beams upon the haze carried forward the outline of the doorway into the wide night of the garden.When she came close and looked in she beheld indistinct forms racing up and down to the figure of the dance， the silence of their footfalls arising from their being overshoe in scroffthat is to say， the powdery residuum from the storage of peat and other products， the stirring of which by their turbulent feet created the nebulosity that involved the scene. Through this floating， fusty debris of peat and hay， mixed with the perspirations and warmth of the dancers， and forming together a sort of vegeto-human pollen， the muted fiddles feebly pushed their notes， in marked contrast to the spirit with which the measure was trodden out. They coughed as they danced， and laughed as they coughed. Of the rushing couples there could barely be discerned more than the high lightsthe indistinctness shaping them to satyrs clasping nymphsa multiplicity of Pans whirling a multiplicity of Syrinxes； Lotis attempting to elude Priapus， and always failing.At intervals a couple would approach the d