江苏省南京市高考英语最后冲刺 阅读理解巩固自练6(1).doc

2014江苏省南京市高考英语阅读理解巩固自练阅读理解 (2013哈尔滨市质检，d)as the richest country in the world, youd expect that qatar would also be the happiest. and youd also expect japanese people to be extremely positive, seeing as though they have the highest life expectancy. but clearly wealth and good health do not guarantee happiness after both countries failed to make the top ten most positive countries.the poll (民意测验) of nearly 150 000 people around the world found that seven of the worlds 10 countries with the most upbeat attitudes are in latin america. gallup asked about 1 000 people in each of 148 countries if they were wellrested, had been treated with respect, smiled or laughed a lot, learned or did something interesting and felt feelings of enjoyment the previous day.in panama and paraguay, 85 percent of those polled said yes to all five, putting those countries at the top of the list. they were followed closely by el salvador, venezuela, trinidad and tobago, thailand, guatemala, the philippines, ecuador and costa rica.the people least likely to report positive emotions lived in singapore, the wealthy and orderly citystate that ranks among the most developed in the world. other wealthy countries also sat surprisingly low on the list. germany and france tied with the poor african state of somaliland for 47th place.many of the seven countries which were most positive do poorly in traditional measures of wellbeing, like guatemala, a country torn by decades of civil war followed by waves of gangdriven criminality that give it one of the highest killing rates in the world. guatemala sits just above iraq on the united nations human development index, a composite of life expectancy, education and per capita income. but it ranks seventh in positive emotions. in guatemala, its a culture of friendly people who are always smiling, said luz castillo, a 30yearold surfing instructor. despite all the problems that were facing, were surrounded by natural beauty that lets us get away from it all.the poll shows that prosperous nations can also be deeply unhappy ones. and povertystricken ones are often positive, or at least a close approximation (大约) of it.文章大意：本文为一篇调查报道。通过对世界各国的民意测验发现，幸福指数与健康和财富无关。12_ may feel the most unhappy according to the poll.apeople from qatar bpeople from thailandcpeople from japan dpeople from singapore答案：d细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“the people least likely to report positive emotions lived in singapore”可知，通过民意测验生活在新加坡的人民的幸福指数最低。故答案选d。13the underlined word “gallup” in paragraph 2 refers to _.aa country ba polling organizationca person da magazine答案：b推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句可知，这项民意测验调查了世界各地的15万人，发现幸福指数最高的10个国家中有7个国家位于拉丁美洲，这个民意调查组织调查了148个国家，每个国家测验了大约1千人。因此gallup应为进行这项民意测验调查的组织机构。故答案选b。14which of the following is not included in the united nations human development index?alife expectancy. beducation. cnatural beauty. dper capita income.答案：c细节理解题。根据倒数第三段倒数第二句“. on the united nations human development index, a composite of life expectancy, education and per capita income.”可知，这项指数当中不包含c项内容。故答案选c。15whats the best title of the text?ahappiness does not depend on wealthbhow to live happily?chealth leads to happinessdwhat are the standards to be happy men?答案：a标题概括题。通读全文尤其是最后一段内容可知，本文主要对一项民意测验调查进行了报道说明。测验结果表明，幸福与健康和财富无关。因此，a项适宜作为标题使用。故答案选a。阅读理解解读a year after graduation, i was offered a position teaching a writing class. teaching was a profession i had never seriously considered, though several of my stories had been published. i accepted the job without hesitation, as it would allow me to wear a tie and go by the name of mr. davis. my father went by the same name, and i liked to imagine people getting the two of us confused. “wait a minute，” someone might say，“are you talking about mr. davis the retired man, or mr. davis the respectable scholar？”the position was offered at the last minute, and i was given two weeks to prepare, a period i spent searching for briefcase (公文包) and standing before my fulllength mirror, repeating the words，“hello, class. im mr. davis.” sometimes i would give myself an aggressive voice. sometimes i would sound experienced. but when the day eventually came, my nerves kicked in and the true mr. davis was there. i sounded not like a thoughtful professor, but rather a 12yearold boy.i arrived in the classroom with paper cards designed in the shape of maple leaves. i had cut them myself out of orange construction paper. i saw nine students along a long table. i handed out the cards, and the students wrote down their names and fastened them to their breast pockets as i required.“all right then，” i said. “okay, here we go.” then i opened my briefcase and realized that i had never thought beyond this moment. i had been thinking that the students would be the first to talk, offering their thoughts and opinions on the events of the day. i had imagined that i would sit at the edge of the desk, overlooking a forests of hands. every student would yell. “calm down, youll all get your turn. one at a time, one at a time！”a terrible silence ruled the room, and seeing no other opinions, i inspected the students to pull out their notebooks and write a brief essay related to the theme of deep disappointment.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。毕业一年后，作者得到了一份教授写作课程的工作。文章重点介绍了作者教学过程中难忘的第一堂课。9the author took the job to teach writing because _.ahe wanted to be respected bhe had written some storiesche wanted to please his father dhe had dreamed of being a teacher10what can we learn about the author from paragraph 2?ahe would be aggressive in his first class.bhe was wellprepared for his first class.che got nervous upon the arrival of his first class.dhe waited long for the arrival of his first class.11before he started his class, the author asked the students to _.awrite down their suggestions on the paper cardsbcut maple leaves out of the construction paperccut some cards out of the construction paperdwrite down their names on the paper cards阅读理解 (2013南昌市二模，d)parents say that honesty is the best policy, but they regularly lie to their children as a way of influencing their behavior and emotions, finds new research from the university of toronto and the university of california.surprisingly little has been published on the subject of parental lying, so gail heyman, professor of psychology at the university of california, diem luu, a former student of the university of california, and kang lee, professor at the university toronto, set out to explore the underresearched phenomenon. they asked us participants in two related studies about parents lying to their childreneither for the purpose of promoting appropriate behavior or to make them happy.in one of the studies, many parents reported they told their young children that bad things would happen if they didnt go to bed or eat what they were supposed to. other parents reported inventing magical creatures. one explained, “we told our daughter that if she wrapped up all her pacifiers (橡皮奶嘴) like gifts, the fair would come and give them to the children who needed them.”in the other study, the researchers surveyed college students recollections about their parents lying and obtained similar results: parents often lie to their children even as they tell them that lying is unacceptable.the researchers refer to this practice as “parenting by lying”. “we are surprised by how often parenting by lying takes place，” said lee. though heyman thinks that there are occasions when it is appropriate to be less than truthful with a child, she urges parents to think through the issues and consider alternatives before using lies.“children sometimes behave in ways that are disruptive or are likely to harm their longterm interests，” said heyman. “it is common for them to try out a range of strategies, including lying, to stop them. however, parents should be concerned about the possible longterm negative consequences to childrens beliefs about honesty.”文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。父母常教育孩子要诚实，但他们自己有时却对孩子撒谎。研究人员就此现象进行了调研，并且提出家长应该考虑到对孩子经常说谎可能会造成的长期的负面影响的结论，并建议家长考虑一些其他的教育方法。16the subject of parental lying _.awas not allowed to be researched in the pastbattracts little attention because it is commonchasnt got many published results about itdis becoming more and more popular答案：c细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中“surprisingly little has been published on the subject of parental lying”可知，对于父母撒谎的行为很少有报道。故c项正确。17the study of gai heyman, diem luu and kang lee was focused on parents lies that _.aaim to cover their mistakesblead children to hate themcaim to give children a positive influencedmake children get used to lying答案：c细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中“they asked us participants in two related studies about. for the purpose of promoting appropriate behavior or to make them happy.”可知，父母说谎的原因本是想给孩子带来积极的影响。故c项正确。18what does heyman think of parental lying?ait is a great parenting strategy.bparents should think twice before using it.cit usually does more good than harm.dparents should do something to make up for it after using it.答案：b细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“though heyman thinks that there are occasions when it is appropriate to be less than truthful with a child, she urges parents to think through the issues and consider alternatives before using lies.”可知，heyman认为父母应该想清楚对孩子撒谎的问题，在撒谎之前要考虑再三。故b项正确。19parents usually _ when their young children dont go to bed properly.aturn off the bedroom lights and play some musicbshout at them loudlycshut the door and let them alonedmake up some magical creatures to let them believe答案：d细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“other parents reported inventing magical creatures”可知，d项正确。20in which part of a newspaper would you most probably find the passage?abusiness. beducation. ctechnology. dfashion.答案：b推理判断题。文章主要讨论了父母在教育孩子时，是否应该撒谎的问题。故最有可能在报纸上的教育一栏出现。故b项正确。阅读理解解读if you feel at present that you dont have enough friends in your life, one reason may be that you have let yourself become too busy to make time for the relationships you already have. starting and keeping friendship requires effort and commitment. many of us let our lives become so busy with work and other commitments that we dont get around to scheduling time for pleasure and renewal with the friends, relatives and acquaintances we already have.making the effort to call your friends more regularly and to accept more of the invitations you receive from others can improve your social life in a hurry!are there any people you could call right now and be assured of a pleasant welcome? are there people that you could count on to help you in time of difficulty? can you have close talks with them? do you have fun when you are together? are you happy to have them in your life?if you havent seen much of them lately, is it because you have become too busy? have you grown apart? was there an argument?if the main reason why you havent been getting together with the people you already know is that you have gotten too busy, take a good look at how you spend your time. compare it with your real values and priorities in life. is your busy lifestyle really bringing you the quality of life that you want?if you have become too busy for friends, why has this happened? are you seeking material toys in your life at the expense of relationships with other human beings? have you allowed your time to be overcommitted because you never say “no” to anyone? do you insist on doing things yourself that could be left to others? if so, why? do you believe that everything depends on you?examine whether the way you are now spending your time ac