总复习归纳.doc

小学英语总复习资料一:学生易错词汇1. a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a.2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物.单数用has , 复数用have. I ,you 用 have .4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物,某人.单数用there is , 复数用there are.5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any.6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少钱)二:形容词比较级详解当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级.比较级的句子结构通常是:什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么 ,如:Im taller than you. (我比你更高)An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大.)形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是: 一般的直接在词尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以e结尾的,直接加r ,如 fine finer , 以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier 双写最后的字母再加er,如big bigger, thin thinner ,hot hotter双音节词或多音节词在前面加more,如 interesting-more interesting 三:动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有:A,规则动词 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived , danced , used 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study studied carry carried worry worried (注意play,stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类) 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped B,不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式: eat ate , see saw , have had , do did , go - went , take - took , buy - bought , get - got , read - read ,fly - flew , am/is - was , are - were , say - said , leave - left , swim - swam , tell - told , draw - drew , come - came , find - found , drink - drank , hurt - hurt , feel - felt, fall-fell四:动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则: 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting名词单数变复数变化规则： 一般的直接在后面加“S”如：apple-apples. 以s,x,f, ch,sh,结尾的加es 如：tomato-tomatoes, box-boxes ,watch-watches , 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加es. 如: story-stories , lady-ladies 特殊变化有：man-men, tooth-teeth, foot-feet, deer-deer, sheep-sheep. 五:人称和数人称代词和物主代词.人称代词有（主格和宾格）第一人称单数：主格I (我) 宾格me， 物主代词：my(我的)复数：主格we(我们) 宾格us， our(我们的)第二人称单数：主格you(你) 宾格you， your(你的)复数：主格you(你们) 宾格you， your(你们的)第三人称单数：主格he(他) 宾格him， his(他的)主格she(她) 宾格her， her(她的)主格it(它) 宾格it， its(它的)复数：主格they(他们/她们/它们) 宾格them， their(他们的/她们的/它们的)六:句型归类1肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,2,否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子, 如:Im a student（我是一个学生） 如: Im not a student. She is a doctor. She is not (isnt) a doctor. He works in a hospital. He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening. I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening. 3,一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用yes,或no来回答. 如: Are you Lingling？ Yes, I am / No, Im not. Is she a doctor ？ Yes, she is. / No, she isnt. Do you like apples? Yes,I do./ No, I dont. Does he work in a hospital ？Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. Are there four fans in our classroom？ Yes, there are. / No, there arent. Will he eat lunch at 12:00 ？Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont). Are they swimming ？Yes, they are. / No, they arent. Did you watch TV yesterday evening ？Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.4,特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what (什么）, where (在哪), who(谁) ,whose 谁的, which哪一个 , when什么时候 , why为什么 , how怎样 ,how much多少问价格 , how many多少等)开头引导的句子.此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用yes ,no来回答.如:What is this？ Its a computer.What does he do ? Hes a doctor.Where are you going? Im going to Beijing.Who are you? I am Lingling. Whose schoolbag is this? Its PetersWhose skirt is this ? Its Amys.Which season do you like best ? Summer.When do you usually get up ? I usually get up at 6:30.Why do you like summer best? Because I can swimming. How are you? Im fine. / Im happy.How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如: how many(多少(数量), how much(多少(钱), how tall(多高), how long(多长), how big(多大), how heavy(多重)例句:How many pencils do you have ? I have three pencils.How many girls can you see ? I can see four girls.How many desks are there in your classroom ? There are 38.小结:how many 用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配,How many + 名词复数 + do you have 你有多少 How many + 名词复数 + can you see 你能看见多少 How many + 名词复数 + are there 有多少 七:完全,缩略形式: Im=I am hes=he is shes=she is theyre=they are youre=you are theres=there is theyre=they are cant=can not dont=do not doesnt=does not isnt=is not arent=are not lets=let us wont=will not Ill=I will wasnt=was not总结:通常情况下,m即am,s即is(但 lets=let us), re即are ,nt即not (但cant=can not)八:与字母相关的题型 ( 注:五个元音字母是 Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu )一.将所给字母的大小写写在四线格上 Hh Rr Xx Gg Mm Uu Zz Ff Qq Ii 二.写出下列字母的左邻右舍. 1.( ) Hh ( ) 2.( ) Bb ( ) 3.( ) Ll ( ) 4.( ) Rr ( ) 5.( ) Qq ( ) 6.( ) Ww ( ) 三.用小写字母抄写下列单词.1.ROOM( ) 2.UNDER( ) 3.PLEASE( ) 4.PICTURE( ) 5.WHERE( ) 6.TWINS( ) 7.EXCUSE( ) 8.HOW( ) 9.CAKE( ) 10.SMALL( ) 三.将全是元音字母的那一组圈起来 1. a c e 2. i e o 3. v u k 4. e u I 5. J B I 6. E T V 7. E I O 8. A U E 四.写出与所给单词发音相同的字母(大小写). 1.bee ( ) 2.sea ( ) 3.tea ( ) 4.are ( ) 5.why ( ) 6.you ( )九小学英语词汇归类表学习用品(school things):pen钢笔pencil铅笔 pencil-case铅笔盒 ruler尺子 book书 bag包 schoolbag书包 eraser橡皮 sharpener卷笔刀 story-book故事书 notebook笔记本 Chinese book语文书 English book英语书 math book数学书 dictionary词典人体(body):foot脚 head头 face脸 hair头发 nose鼻子 mouth嘴 eye眼睛 ear耳朵 arm手臂 hand手 finger手指 leg腿颜色(colours):red红 blue蓝 yellow黄 green绿 white白 black黑 pink粉红 动物(animals):cat猫 dog狗 pig猪 duck鸭 rabbit兔 horse马 elephant大象 fish鱼 bird鸟 snake蛇 mouse老鼠 monkey猴 panda熊猫 bear熊 lion狮子 tiger老虎 giraffe长颈鹿 hen母鸡 sheep绵羊 cow奶牛人物(people):friend朋友 boy男孩 girl女孩 mother母亲 father父亲 sister姐妹 brother兄弟 uncle叔叔;舅舅 man男人 woman女人 Mr.先生 Miss小姐 lady女士;小姐 mom妈妈 dad爸爸 grandma/grandmother(外)祖母 grandpa/grandfather(外)祖父 aunt姑姑 cousin堂(表)兄弟;堂(表)姐妹 son儿子 daughter女儿 baby婴儿 kid小孩 classmate同学 visitor参观者 people人物 robot机器人职业(jobs):teacher教师 student学生 doctor医生 nurse护士 driver司机 farmer农民 singer歌唱家 actor男演员 policeman(男)警察 police警察食品,饮料(food & drink):rice米饭 bread面包 beef牛肉 milk牛奶 water水 egg蛋 fish鱼 cake蛋糕 noodles面条 vegetable蔬菜 ice冰 ice-cream冰淇淋 Coke可乐 juice果汁 tea茶 coffee咖啡 breakfast早餐 lunch午餐 dinner/supper晚餐 水果,蔬菜(fruit & vegetables):apple苹果 banana香蕉 pear梨 orange橙 watermelon西瓜 grape葡萄 tomato西红柿 potato土豆 衣服(clothes):jacket夹克衫 shirt衬衫 T-shirt丅恤衫 dress连衣裙 socks袜子 shoes鞋子 sweater毛衣 coat上衣 sunglasses太阳镜 tie领带scarf围巾trousers裤子交通工具(vehicles):bike自行车 bus公共汽车 train火车 boat小船 ship轮船 car小汽车 taxi出租车 plane/airplane飞机 课程(classes): sports体育运动 science科学 Chinese语文 math数学 PE体育课 English英语课气象(weather): cold寒冷的 warm温暖的 cool凉爽的 snowy下雪的 sunny晴朗的 hot炎热的 rainy下雨的 windy有风的 cloudy多云的 weather report天气预报 植物(plants): flower花 grass草 tree树 leaf叶子星期(week): Monday星期一 Tuesday星期二 Wednesday星期三 Thursday星期四 Friday星期五 Saturday星期六 Sunday星期天 weekend周末月份(months): Jan. (January)一月 Feb.(February)二月 Mar.(March)三月 April四月 May五月 June六月 July七月 Aug.(August)八月 Sept.(September)九月 Oct.(October)十月 Nov.(November)十一月Dec.(December)十二月季节(seasons): spring春 summer夏 fall/autumn秋 winter冬数词(numbers): one一 two二 three三 four四 five五 six六 seven七 eight八 nine九 ten十 eleven十一 twelve十二 thirteen十三 fourteen十四 fifteen十五 sixteen十六 seventeen十七 eighteen十八 nineteen十九 twenty二十 thirty三十 forty四十 fifty五十 sixty六十 seventy七十 eighty八十 ninety九十 forty-tw