湖北省十堰市高考英语单项选择和阅读能力练习（6）.doc

湖北省十堰市2016高考英语单项选择和阅读能力练习（6）.单项填空1it never occurred to me _ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.awhichbwhatcthat dif解析 考查固定句型。it occurs/occurred to sb.that.是固定句型，意思是：某人突然想起，其中that引导主语从句，故选c项。答案 c2when you get the paper back，pay special attention to what _.ahave marked bhave been markedchad marked dhad been marked解析 句意：当你拿回试卷时须特别注意已经标注过的部分。本题考查动词的时态，该句强调过去已经修改过的东西并强调对现在的影响，用现在完成时，又因其主语为what，所以用被动语态。故用现在完成时的被动语态。答案 b3a teacher should make his lessons simple enough for the students to _. atake off btake upctake in dtake down解析 考查词组辨析。句意：老师应该使他的课足够简单到让学生理解。take off起飞，成功；take up从事；take in吸收；take down记下。答案 c4when she visited the childrens home，it _her that she could adopt a homeless child.aran into bhappened tococcurred to dwas occurred to解析 考查动词短语辨析。此处为句型it occurs to sb.that.某人突然想起。a项表示“偶然感到”，不合句意。happen to sb.表示“某事发生在某人身上”，不合语境，故排除b项；occur不用于被动语态，故d项被排除。答案 c5the _ cause of his illness was extreme drinking，but the real cause was his deep sadness on his wifes death.amajor bapparentcclear dserious解析 句意：他的病表面上是因为过度饮酒，真实的原因是他妻子的去世使他过度悲伤。故选apparent“表面上的”。major意为“主要的”；clear意为“清楚的”；serious意为“严肃的，认真的”。答案 b6theres a camping shop in town that has tents for _ at $10 a week.ahire bsalecemploy drepair解析 句意：镇上有一家宿营设备商店出租帐篷，价格一周10美元。根据“$10 a week”可知这是租用，不是sale出售；employ指“雇用”，跟人作宾语。答案 a7the bell rang，_ that class was over.ato indicate bindicatingcindicated dhaving indicating解析 indicate“表示，表明”。句意：铃响了，表示下课了。答案 b8he was supposed to_to the meeting，but he didnt.acome bhave comecbe coming dcoming解析 to have come表示动作已经完成。句意：他本该到会的，但他没有。答案 b9many students listened to the lecture，but i wondered how much work they took_.aout bupcoff din解析 take out表示“取出”，take up表示“从事，占用”，take off表示“起飞，脱下”，均不合题意。take in此处表示“吸收，理解”。答案 d10dont worry about the present situation in the world；_ of people prefer peace to war.athe most bthe great partcthe majority dthe number解析 根据题意：大多数人更喜欢和平而不喜欢战争。a项应为most of；d项表示“的数目”；b项表示“物体的一部分”；只有the majority符合题意。答案 c11in the school，girls majoring in nursing are _ the majority.ain boncto dwith解析 in the majority“占大多数”。句意：在那所学校，学护理的女生占大多数。答案 a12with a nod of his head，he _ me where i should sit.aindicated to bindicated thatcindicate to dindicate that解析 indicate that后跟从句，不合题意。indicate to此处为“向某人暗示，向某人表明”。时态应用过去时或一般现在时，但c项没用单数。答案 a13its believed that parks are to the city_lungs are to the body.awhat blikecthat dwhich解析 考查名词性从句的引导词。what引导从句，不能用like，因为like是介词。句意：大家公认，公园之于城市，就像两肺之于人体。答案 a14by no means _ to your parents.ais this the first time you are lyingbthis is the first time you have liedcthis is the first time you tell a liedis this the first time you have lied解析 考查倒装结构。否定词by no means“决不”放在句首，主句需用部分倒装。this is the first time主语现在完成时，为固定结构，故选d项。答案 d15it suddenly _ to the detective that the millionaire was probably murdered by his own daughter.ahappened boccurredcthought dtook place解析 由空格后的to可知，选b项。it occurs to sb.that.一个想法突然呈现。答案 b。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。rivers may be a significant source of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (一氧化二氮), scientists now find. their calculation suggests that across the globe the waterways contribute three times the amount of nitrous oxide to the atmosphere as had been estimated by the international panel on climate change (ipcc), the united nations scientific body charged with reviewing climate change research. they found that the amount of nitrous oxide produced in streams is related to human activities that release nitrogen (氮) into the environment, such as fertilizer use and sewage discharges. “human activities, including fossil fuel combustion and intensive agriculture, have increased the availability of nitrogen in the environment,” said jake beaulieu of the university of notre dame and the u.s. environmental protection agency in cincinnati, ohio, and lead author of the paper published this week in the journal proceedings of the national academy of sciences. “much of this nitrogen is transported into river and stream networks,” beaulieu said. there, microbes (微生物) convert the nitrogen into nitrous oxide (also called laughing gas) and an inert gas called dinitrogen (二氮). the finding is important, the researchers say, because nitrous oxide is a powerful greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change and destruction of the stratospheres ozone layer, which protects us from the suns harmful ultraviolet (紫外线) radiation. compared with carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide is 300-fold more powerful in terms of its warming potential, though carbon dioxide is a far more common greenhouse gas. scientists estimate nitrous oxide accounts for about 6 percent of human-induced climate change. beaulieu and colleagues measured nitrous oxide production rates in 72 streams. when summed across the globe, the results showed rivers and streams are the source of at least 10 percent of human-caused nitrous oxide emissions to the atmosphere. “changes in agricultural and land-use practices that result in less nitrogen being delivered to streams would reduce nitrous oxide emissions from river networks,” beaulieu said.1. from the second paragraph we can learn. a. actually rivers give off much more nitrous oxide than expectedb. scientists calculation is totally wrongc. human activities release nitrous oxide in to the riversd. there is no nitrogen in fertilizer2. which of the following is not the source of nitrogen? a. fertilizer use. b. sewage discharges. c. fossil fuel combustion. d. climate change. 3. nitrous oxide is a powerful greenhouse gas because. a. it can protect us from the suns harmful ultraviolet radiationb. it is to blame for most of human-induced climate changec. it is a far more common greenhouse gasd. it has much more warming potential than carbon dioxide4. what does the passage mainly tells us? a. rivers may be a source of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide. b. its human activities that release nitrogen into the environment. c. how to reduce nitrous oxide emissions from river networksd what to do with the climate change caused by nitrous oxide. 【参考答案】14、adda 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。since the beginning of the year, smog has covered parts of north china. in january, beijing saw only five days without smog. the rising pm 2.5 readings terrified many people, and some health experts said that whenever the smog gets serious, hospitals receive more patients suffering acute respiratory（呼吸系统）and heart diseases.later, news of polluted underground water in some provinces scared people who wondered whether the water they drink is safe.so the need to emphasize environmental protection while developing the economy is heard everywhere. smog especially is a common concern. like a popular online post said, air may be the only thing that is equal for everyone, despite your income or vocation. people with higher incomes are able to drink only bottled spring water and eat only organic food by paying higher prices, but they breathe the same air as everyone else. at a meeting on monday, many representatives have expressed their concerns about the air quality, too. one talked about his experience in beijing. “after taking a taxi from the capital airport to my hotel, which took about an hour, i washed my nose and found the inside of my nose was black. we should ask ourselves this question: why do we want to develop? its for living a better life. dirty air is definitely not a better life, he said. china needs to develop its economy and invest(投资) in high-tech. every chinese wants a strong country. but without blue sky, clean water and safe food, the achievements in the economy will become meaningless. space technologies are not to be developed for building a base on mars so that one day all human beings can migrate to the red planet because they have destroyed earth. what the public wants is a strong and beautiful china. president hu jintao spoke at the 18th party congress last november saying that great efforts must be made to promote ecological progress and build a beautiful china. the words have shown the central governments resolution to address the environment issue. 41the effect of smog doesnt include .athe rising of pm 2.5 readingsbmore people suffering diseasescthe increase of peoples incomedpatients increased in hospital【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据the rising pm 2.5 readings terrified many people, and some health experts said that whenever the smog gets serious, hospitals receive more patients suffering acute respiratory（呼吸系统）and heart diseases.烟雾引起pm的指数的增加，人们患病的人增多因而医院的病人增多，人们的收入的增加并不是由于烟雾的影响，故选c。42why smog has become a common concern?abecause people have to pay higher prices.bbecause nobody can avoid it.cbecause we have to develop industry.dbecause a popular online-post discussed it.【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据smog especially is a common concern.及they breathe the same air as everyone else. 因为每一个都需呼吸有烟雾是任何人都避免不了的事情，故选b。43to ma